Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908

Souza, L. A., Araújo, J. P. & Campos-Filho, I. S., 2011, The genus Trichorhina Budde-Lund in Brazil, with description of seven new species (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Platyarthridae), Iheringia, Série Zoologia 101 (32), pp. 239-261 : 239-240

Trichorhina Budde-Lund, 1908

Type species: Bathytropa thermophila (Dollfus, 1896)

Diagnosis. Body length not exceeding 6 mm. Pigmentation vestigial or absent. If there are eyes, they can be composed of up to 15 ommatidia. Tegument with fanshaped scale-setae. Exite of maxillula with simple, bifid or serrate teeth. Noduli laterales with or without lateral projections, 1 per side on pereonites I–VI and 1–2 per side on pereonite VII or as a double row per side. Frontal line absent (except in Trichorhina minutissima Budde-Lund, 1913 , T. micros Budde-Lund, 1913 and T. atlasi Vandel, 1959 ). Without glandular pores [except in T. argentina Vandel, 1963 and T. boliviana ( Vandel, 1952) ]. Antennal flagellum bi-articulated; second joint much longer than first and sometimes with a suture. Telson triangular [except in T. simony (Dollfus, 1893) , T. caeca Vandel, 1952 and T. tropicalis Lewis, 1998 ]. Without pleopodal lungs. Epigeous (including endogeous) and hipogeous (cave-dwellers), besides inhabitants of nests of ants and termites.

Distribution. Trichorhina is cosmopolitan. There is a total of 56 species, of which about 30 occur in the Neotropical Region ( SCHMALFUSS, 2003). There are 12 species hitherto recorded in Brazil, which added to the seven new species herein described, give a total of 64 species for the world (see Table I ).

Remarks. Species of Trichorhina are mostly tropical. It is probably an artificial assemblage (e.g. TAITI & FERRARA, 1987). According to the current knowledge, there is a high degree of endemism for the majority of species but there are a few widespread species, such as T. tomentosa (Budde-Lund, 1893) and T. heterophthalma Lemos de Castro, 1964 which probably were dispersed by man.

Trichorhina albida Budde-Lund, 1908 from Madagascar. Possesses unique dorsal knobs (“dorsal buttons”, VERHOEFF, 1946) (although according to Dr. F. Ferrara pers. comm., in BUDDE- LUND’ S (1908) original description no dorsal knobs are mentioned and Verhoeff has not reexamined the type specimens).

Trichorhinadobrogica Radu, 1960 from Romania.

It may be distinguished from the Brazilian species by the transverse lines on pereonites I–VI, and a distal joint of antennula with nine aesthetascs (five or six in Brazilian species).

Trichorhina giannelli Arcangeli, 1929 from the Antilles and Central America. Distinguished from the new Brazilian species by the longitudinal ridges on the mesepistome.

Trichorhina guanophila Souza-Kury, 1993 from Brazil. This species belongs to the group of species characterized by a double pair of noduli laterales on pereonite VII.

Trichorhina micros from Mauritius and Trichorhina minutissima from Cargados (Indian Ocean). These taxa belong to the group of species characterized by serrate teeth on the outer ramus of the maxillulae and by a double row of noduli laterales per side ( TAITI & FERRARA, 1987).

Trichorhina minima Schmalfuss & Ferrara, 1978 from Togo. It is distinguished from Brazilian species by the bulbous profrons.

Trichorhina quisquiliarum (Budde-Lund, 1893) from Venezuela. It is distinguished from new Brazilian species by the uneven pigmentation of ommatidia, four unpigmented and two dark colored.

Trichorhina tatianae Araújo & Almerão, 2007 from Brazil. It is distinguished from the new Brazilian species by the pronounced lateral projection on male pereopod VII ischium.

Besides these nine species, there are ten others with four to six ommatidia, whose differences are cited separately under the diagnosis of each new species. These are: Trichorhinaacuta from Brazil; T. argentina from Argentina; T. australiensis Wahrberg, 1922 from Australia; T. barbouri (van Name, 1926) from Panama; T. hospes Silvestri, 1918 from Nigeria; T. pallida Barnard, 1960 from Mozambique; T. papillosa (Budde- Lund, 1893 ) from Venezuela; T. paraensis Souza-Kury, 1997 from Brazil; T. silvestrii Arcangeli, 1936 from Spain; and T. vandeli Rioja, 1955 from Mexico.