TAFALISCINAE DESUTTER, 1988

Campos, Lucas Denadai De, Dias, Pedro Guilherme Barrios De Souza, Audino, Jorge Alves, Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Nihei, Silvio Shigueo, 2023, The fifth family of the true crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Ensifera: Grylloidea), Oecanthidae defin. nov.: phylogenetic relationships and divergence times, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 197 (4), pp. 1034-1077 : 1059

SUBFAMILY TAFALISCINAE DESUTTER, 1988 , DEFIN NOV.

Tafaliscinae Desutter, 1988: 367 .

Tafaliscini Desutter, 1988: 367, Otte, 1994: 68, Gorochov, 1995: 1–213.

Tafaliscina Gorochov, 2011: 254 , Gorochov, 2017: 87, Campos, Souza-Dias & Nihei, 2020: 333, Campos & Desutter-Grandcolas, 2020: 393.

Type genus: Tafalisca Walker, 1869 .

Distribution: Neotropics.

Diagnosis: Small to large-sized, FWs absent, brachypterous or well-developed wings (with or without stridulatory apparatus) ( Figs 17A , 18A , 19A ; Supporting Information, Fig. S2A–C ). Fifth and fourth articles of maxillary palpi with similar size, fifth article slightly upcurved ( Fig. 16A ); when FWs with stridulatory apparatus present; stridulatory file sinuous or bisinuous ( Paroecanthini ): proximal connection of harp veins generally present. FIII generally longer than TIII; TIII subapical spurs 5/4 (Supporting Information, Fig. S6B ) (except some Paroecanthini 5/5 and Perutrella 4/3). Ovipositor flattened dorso-ventrally, upcurved in lateral view; apex of dorsal valves above ventral valves ( Fig. 16B ); apex lateral margins of ventral valves of ovipositor smooth ( Fig. 16 Cb). Male genitalia: inner margin of LLophi frequently membranous (Supporting Information, Fig. S7A, C ).

Included supertribes: Paroecanthidi Gorochov, 1986 , supertrib.nov., Tafaliscidi Desutter, 1988 , supertrib. nov.

Remarks: After its proposal ( Desutter, 1988), this subfamily was considered as a tribe ( Gorochov, 1995) and later as a subtribe ( Gorochov, 2011) within the Podoscirtinae subfamily. The results presented here, including the topologies and their synapomorphies, support the hypothesis that this Neotropical lineage is a subfamily of Oecanthidae composed of two supertribes ( Paroecanthidi and Tafaliscidi ) redefined below.

Figures

Figure 2. Diversity of Oecanthidae: A, Proturana subapterus, female (Euscyrtinae) (photo: Laure Desutter-Grandcolas); B, Oecanthus sp., male (Oecanthinae: Oecanthidi: Oecanthini) (photo: Marcos Fianco); C, Diatrypa sp., male (Oecanthinae: Diatrypidi) (photo: Neucir Szinwelski); D, Stenoecanthus planixiphus, male and female mating (Oecanthinae) (photo: Sylvain Hugel); E, Tafalisca hugeli, male (Tafaliscinae:Tafaliscidi) (photo: Sylvain Hugel); F, Apterotrypa mitarakensis, male (Tafaliscinae: Paroecanthidi: Neometrypini) (photo: Sylvain Hugel); G, Angustitrella sp., male (Tafaliscinae: Paroecanthidi: Paroecanthini) (photo: Pedro Souza-Dias); H, Phyllogryllus Ʋelutinus, male (Podoscirtinae: Hapithidi: Phyllogryllini) (photo: Lucas Denadai de Campos); I, Cearacesa sp., male (Podoscirtinae: Hapithidi: Cearacesaini) (photo: Lucas Denadai de Campos); J, Matuanus caledonicus, male (Podoscirtinae: Podoscirtidi: Aphonoidini) (photo: Hervé Jourdan); K, Adenopterus sp., female (Podoscirtinae:Podoscirtidi:Aphonoidini) (photo:Phillipe Grandcolas); L,Trulajlia hibinonis, male (Podoscirtinae: Podoscirtidi: Truljaliini) (photo: Masaki Ikeda, Wikipedia).

Figure 6. A, Neoxabea breƲipes, head dorsal view. Oecanthus sp.: B, male, pronotum and FW; C, claw. Scales: 1mm.

Figure 7. Neoxabea breƲipes. A, hind tibia and tarsi; B, hind tibia distal margin and tarsi, inner view; C, hind tibia distal margin and tarsi, outer view. Scales: 1mm. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Figure 16. A, Tafalisca elongata elongata, maxillary palpus; B, Apterotrypa mitarakensis, ovipositor, lateral view; C, Angustitrella Ʋicina, apex of ovipositor:a, dorsal view; b, ventral view.Scales:1mm.Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Figure 17. Angustitrella sp., male: A, dorsal habitus; B, right FW. C, Paroecanhtus aztecus, male genitalia, dorsal view. Scales: 1 mm. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Figure 18. A, Brazitrypa paulista, male; B, Cylindrogryllus pitanga, male, FWs and metanotum; C, Neometrypus badius, male genitalia, ventral view. Scales: 1 mm. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Figure 19. A, Tafalisca elongata elongata, male, dorsal habitus; B, Amblyrhethus sp., male, right FW; C, Tafalisca sp., apex of ovipositor: a, dorsal view, b, ventral view; D, Tafalisca furfurosa, male genitalia, ventral view. Scales: 1 mm. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.