Centroctenus dourados, Brescovit & Torres & Rego & Polotow, 2020

Brescovit, Antonio D., Torres, Richard A., Rego, Felipe N. A. A. & Polotow, Daniele, 2020, Six new species of the spider genus Centroctenus Mello-Leitão from the Neotropical region (Ctenidae, Cteninae), Zootaxa 4877 (2), pp. 311-328 : 312-316

Centroctenus dourados sp. n.

Figures 1–3 , 12C

Type material. Male holotype from Ecosystem (22°18’S 54°54’W), Dourados , Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 24/01/2017, F.M. Merey & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 33, night active search, deposited in IBSP 250604. Female paratype from Mata do Azulão (22°12’S 54°54’W), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 22/02/2017, A.Z. Crivelaro & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 58, night active search, in IBSP 250605 .

Additional material examined. BRAZIL. Goiás: Mineiros, Parque Nacional das Emas (18°6’23”S, 52°55’40”W) , II/1999, F. Rodriguês , 1 male (IBSP 27282; lost in the collection fire 2010); Mato Grosso do Sul: Dourados, Ecosystem (22°18’S 54°54’W) , 1 female, 4 immature, 23/01/2017, F.M. Merey & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 1, night active search (IBSP 250606); 2 females, 23/01/2017, F.M. Merey & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 3, night active search (IBSP 250607); 1 male, 2 females, 1 immature, 24/01/2017, F.M. Merey & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 31, night active search (IBSP 250608); 1 male, 24/01/2017, F.M. Merey & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 33, night active search (IBSP 250609); 1 female, 19/04/2017, L.L. Vieira & L.O. Brasilero coll., sample 75, night active search (IBSP 250619); 1 male, 1 female, 27/04/2017, L.L. Vieira & N. Carvalho coll., sample 77, night active search (IBSP 250620); Dourados, Mata do Azulão (22°12’S 54°54’W) , 1 male, 15/02/2017, A.Z. Crivelaro & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 39, beating day (IBSP 250610); 1 female, 1 immature, 15/02/2017, F.M. Merey & T.J.S. Nascimento coll., sample 42, night active search (IBSP 250611); 2 females, 15/02/2017, A.Z. Crivelaro & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 44, night active search (IBSP 250612); 1 female, 3 immatures, 13/03/2017, L.L. Vieira & M.P. Melo coll., sample 50, night active search (IBSP 250613); 1 female, 22/02/2017, A.Z. Crivelaro & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 55, night active search (IBSP 250614); 3 females, 1 immature, 22/02/2017, A.Z. Crivelaro & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 56, night active search (IBSP 250615); 3 females, 2 immatures, 22/02/2017, A.Z. Crivelaro, & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 57, night active search (IBSP 250616); 2 immatures, 22/02/2017, A.Z. Crivelaro & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 58, night active search (IBSP 250617); 1 female, 13/03/2017, L.L. Vieira & M.P. Melo coll., sample 52, night active search (IBSP 250625); 1 female, 13/03/2017, L.L. Vieira & M.P. Melo coll., sample 54, night active search (IBSP 250626); 1 female, 21/03/2017, L.L. Vieira & M.P. Melo coll., sample 47, night active search (IBSP 250627); Dourados, Mata do Samu (22°12’S 54°54’W) , 2 females, 17/03/2017, L.L. Vieira & T.S. Teles coll., sample 70, night active search (IBSP 250618); Dourados, Fazenda do Joel (22°18’S 54°54’W) , 1 male, 1 female, 9 immatures, 19/11/2016, V.G. Alves & W.R. Alves coll., sample 100, night active search (IBSP 250621); 1 male, 3 immatures, 19/11/2016, V. Sturm & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 101, night active search (IBSP 250622); 3 males, 1 female, 1 immature, 19/11/2016, P.G. Santos & L.L. Vieira coll., sample 102, night active search (IBSP 250623); 2 females, 30/07/2017, L.L. Vieira coll., sample 32, beating day (IBSP 250624).

Etymology. The species epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type, locality, Dourados, in Brazil.

Diagnosis. Centroctenus dourados is easily distinguished from most other Centroctenus species by the rounded cymbium and very small retrolateral tibial apophysis ( Figs 1 A–D, 2A–B, 3B–F) in the male palp. This species resembles the male of Centroctenus irupana by the small size of the cymbium and shape of the median apophysis (see Brescovit 1996: figs 35–36) but differs in the inconspicuous retrolateral tibial apophysis and wider tibia of the palp ( Fig. 2 A–B). The females differ from others by the suboval spermathecae separated from each other by little more than their diameter ( Fig. 2C ) in the female epigynum.

Description. Male (holotype). Carapace and palps orange, except cymbium brown. Legs orange, ventral face of coxae and femora lighter. Sternum yellowish, labium, endites and chelicerae red brown. Abdomen dorsally gray with anterior border black, and presenting two dorsal median black spots, venter anteriorly dark gray, posteriorly light gray. Total length 12.7. Carapace 6.7 long and 5.2 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.12, ALE 0.08, PME 0.14, PLE 0.18. Chelicerae ( Fig. 3A ): promargin with 3 teeth, the median almost twice as high as the laterals; retromargin with 5 teeth, with basal smaller. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.7/ patella 3.2/ tibia 6.3/ metatarsus 5.8/ tarsus 2.1/ total 24.1; II: 6.3/ 3.0/ 5.6/ 5.8/ 2.1/ 22.8; III: 5.8/ 2.4/ 5.8/ 5.7/ 1.7/ 21.4; IV: 7.0/ 2.7/ 6.4/ 9.0/ 2.5/ 27.6. Leg formula: 4123. Leg spination: tibia I-II v2-2-2-2-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1, III-IV v2-2-2, r1-1-0, p1-1-0; metatarsus I-II-III v2-2-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1, IV v2-2-2, r1-1-0, p1-1-0. Palp ( Figs 1 A–D, 2A–B, 3B–F): tibia approximately twice as long as the cymbium length; cymbium rounded, retrobasally sulcate and presenting a short posterior projection ( Fig 3B ); tegulum rounded; embolus short, distally tapered, wrapped at tip by the conductor and with rounded and curved locking lobe ( Fig. 3D, E ); median apophysis with oval distal area; conductor subdistal and hyaline.

Female (paratype). Coloration as in the male, but darker, with cephalothorax and legs red brown. Abdomen dorsally dark gray, with median dorsal gray band and ventrally grayish. Total length 14.3. Carapace 8.4 long and 6.3 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.16, ALE 0.10, PME 0.16, PLE 0.2. Chelicerae: promargin with 4 teeth with same size, retromargin with 3 teeth with basal smaller. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.8/ patella 3.4/ tibia 6/ metatarsus 5.1/ tarsus 1.8/ total 23.1; II: 6.4/ 3.2/ 5.4/ 5.3/ 1.8/ 22.1; III: 5.7/ 2.4/ 4.4/ 4.8/ 1.7/ 19.0; IV: 7.3/ 2.8/ 6.0/ 8.3/ 2.2/ 26.6. Leg formula: 4123. Leg spination: tibia I-II v2-2-2-2-2, r0, p0, III-IV v2-2-2, r1-1-0, p1-1-0; metatarsus I-II v2-2-2, r0, p0, III-IV v2-2-2, r1-1-0, p1-1-0. Female genitalia ( Figs. 1F , 2C ): epigynum divided by a large median sector, and long and curved lateral lobes; copulatory ducts coiled and narrow; spermathecae globose and small; fertilization ducts basal and as long as the spermathecae.

Variation. Males (n=10): total length: 12.7–14.3; carapace length: 6.8–7.3; femur I length: 6.4–7.4. Females (n=10): total length: 14.4–17.8; carapace length: 6.2–8.4; femur I length: 5–6.8.

Natural history. Most specimens were collected at night, while searching for snakes in farms and disturbed areas around the city of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul.

Distribution. States of Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil ( Fig. 12C ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Centroctenus dourados sp. n., male IBSP 250608 (A–D), female IBSP 250607 (E–F). A left male palp, ventral view; B same, pro-ventral view; C retrolateral view; D prolateral view, E female habitus, dorsal view; F epigynum, ventral view. Abbreviations: C, conductor; E, embolus; LL, lateral lobes; MA, median apophysis; MS, median sector of epigynum. Scale bars: A−C = 1 mm; D, F = 0.5 mm; E = 2 mm.

FIGURE 2. Centroctenus dourados sp. n., male IBSP 2506080 (A–B), female IBSP 250607 (C). A left male palp, ventral view; B same, pro-ventral view; C female internal genitalia, ventral view. Abbreviations: C, conductor; CD, copulatory ducts; E, embolus; MA, median apophysis; S, spermathecae. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 3. Centroctenus dourados sp. n., male IBSP 250610.A chelicera, ventral view; B left male palp, dorsal view; C same, ventral view; D same, pro-ventral view; E same, retro-ventral view; F conductor and apex of embolus, ventral view. Abbreviations: C, conductor; E, embolus; LC, locking lobe; MA, median apophysis.

FIGURE 12. Geographic distribution records of the species Centroctenus Mello-Leitão in South America.