Centroctenus coloso, Brescovit & Torres & Rego & Polotow, 2020

Brescovit, Antonio D., Torres, Richard A., Rego, Felipe N. A. A. & Polotow, Daniele, 2020, Six new species of the spider genus Centroctenus Mello-Leitão from the Neotropical region (Ctenidae, Cteninae), Zootaxa 4877 (2), pp. 311-328 : 316-318

Centroctenus coloso sp. n.

Figures 4 , 5 , 12C

Type material. Male holotype and female paratype from El Paraiso village (9°29’6.95”N, 75°23’54.75”W, 290 masl), sample RAT_016, Colosó, Department of Sucre, Colombia, 9/VI/2017, R.A Torres coll., deposited in IBSP 250628 .

Additional material examined. None.

Note. Female paratype with detached legs IV and abdomen.

Etymology. The species epithet is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Colosó, in Colombia.

Diagnosis. Centroctenus coloso is easily distinguished from other Centroctenus by the presence of a dagger-

like RTA, a long and cuneiform median apophysis, as well as a short embolus with a very broad base ( Fig. 4 ) in the male palp. The female epigynum resembles those of Centroctenus miriuma by the smooth lateral edges (see Brescovit 1996: fig. 31), but differs by the narrower and sclerotized median sector, in addition to short and wide lateral lobes ( Figs 5B ).

Description. Male (holotype). Carapace orange, thoracic groove brown and eyes borders black. Chelicerae yellowish with gray bands. Labium, endites, and sternum yellow. Legs orange, Abdomen dorsally light gray with anterior border black, and presenting two dorsal median black spots, ventrally black with four rows of white, small spots. Total length 13.8. Carapace 7.1 long and 5.4 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.14, ALE 0.08, PME 0.18, PLE 0.2. Chelicerae: promargin with 3 teeth, the median almost twice as high as the laterals; retromargin with 4 similar-sized teeth. Leg measurements: I: femur 7.5/ patella 3.1/ tibia 7.7/ metatarsus 7.4/ tarsus 3/ total 28.7; II: 7.2/ 3.1/ 6.4/ 6.5/ 2.6/ 25.8; III: 6.4/ 2.3/ 5.3/ 6.4/ 2.1/ 22.5; IV: 8.4/ 2.8/ 7/ 10.1/ 3/ 31.3. Leg formula: 4123. Leg spination: tibia I-II v2-2-2-2-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1, III-IV v2-2-2, r1-1-0, p1-1-0; metatarsus I-IV v 2-2-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1. Palp ( Figs 4 A–D): tibia approximately three times the cymbium length; RTA with large base; cymbium oval, sinuous retrolaterally; tegulum projected posteriorly; embolus short and tin at the tip; median apophysis with long and hyaline base; conductor subdistal, involving distal area of embolus.

Female (paratype). Coloration as in male, except carapace dorsally yellow, labium and endites brown, abdomen almost cream ( Fig. 5A ). Total length 16.7. Carapace 7.8 long and 6 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.12, ALE 0.09, PME 0.2, PLE 0.2. Chelicerae: promargin with 3 teeth, the median almost twice as high as the laterals; retromargin with 4 similar-sized teeth. Leg measurements: I: femur 6.4/ patella 3.2/ tibia 5.6/ metatarsus 4.8/ tarsus 1.8/ total 21.8; II: 6.2/ 2.8/ 4.3/ 4.1/ 2.4/ 19.8; III: 5.4/ 2.5/ 4/ 4.4/ 1.8/ 18.1; IV: 6.8/ 2.7/ 5.7/ 7.8/ 2.1/ 25.1. Leg formula: 4123. Leg spination: tibia I-II v2-2-2-2-2, r0, p0, III-IV v2-2-2, r1-1-0, p1-1-0; metatarsus I-II v2-2-2, r1-1-0, p1- 1-0, III-IV v2-2-2, r1-1-1-, p1-1-1. Female genitalia ( Fig. 5B, C ): median sector of epigynum large and shallow; posterior border curved; copulatory ducts long and narrow; spermathecae oval; fertilization ducts elongated, sinuous and basally positioned.

Natural history. The type series was collected at night hours on the ground covered with leaf litter, at the edge of a stream inside a dry forest at 290 masl. This collection site is located in the Montes de María y Piojó biogeographic unit ( Hernández et al. 1992), which comprises one of the largest and better preserved and tropical dry forests in Colombia ( Pizano & García 2014). The species was collected with other ctenids, such as Ancylometes bogotensis Keyserling, 1877 , Phoneutria boliviensis (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) and Ctenus sp.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality ( Fig. 12C ).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Centroctenus coloso sp. n., male IBSP 250628 (A–D). A left male palp, ventral view; B same, detail, ventral view; C same, retrolateral; D same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: C, conductor; E, embolus; MA, median apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: A, C−D = 1 mm; B = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 5. Centroctenus coloso sp. n., female IBSP 250628. A female abdomen, dorsal view; B epigynum, ventral view; C, female internal genitalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD, copulatory ducts; FD, fertilization ducts; LL, lateral lobes; MS, median sector of epigynum; S, spermathecae. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B, C = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 12. Geographic distribution records of the species Centroctenus Mello-Leitão in South America.