Amauroderma brasiliense (Singer) Ryvarden, Syn. Fung.

Costa-Rezende, Diogo Henrique, Gugliotta, Adriana De Mello, Góes-Neto, Aristóteles, Reck, Mateus Arduvino, Robledo, Gerardo L. & Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro Ricardo, 2016, Amauroderma calcitum sp. nov. and notes on taxonomy and distribution of Amauroderma species (Ganodermataceae), Phytotaxa 244 (2), pp. 101-124 : 114-115

Amauroderma brasiliense (Singer) Ryvarden, Syn. Fung. 19: 44 (2004). Figs. 7 c , 8 b

≡ Scutiger brasiliensis Singer, Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia 77: 22 (1983)

Description:— Ryvarden (2004) and Coelho et al. (2007).

Substrate:—On the ground.

Distribution:— Brazil and Venezuela. In Brazil, it has been recorded from Amazonia and Atlantic Forest ( Ryvarden 2004, Coelho et al. 2007, Campacci & Gugliotta 2009, Gugliotta et al. 2015), and is reported for the first time from the Cerrado.

Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Chapada dos Guimarães, Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães, Sítio Véu da Noiva, 26 March 2013, D.H. Costa-Rezende 128 (FLOR 50932).

Comments:—The soft basidiomata when fresh, a pale context dominated by clamped generative hyphae, the dimitic trama of the tubes with the presence of arboriform skeletal hyphae, as well the globose to ellipsoid spores [(6) 7–10 × (5.5) 6–8 (9) μm] characterize this species.

The descriptions found in the literature indicated a heterogeneity to define the hyphal system and basidiospore shape of this species. Singer [1983, as Scutiger brasilienses Sing. (1983: 22) ] considered the hyphal system as monomitic, while Ryvarden (2004) described it as dimitic, with skeletal hyphae scattered in the basidioma, some of them with a swollen apex (maybe clamydospores). On the other hand, Coelho et al. (2007) considered it monomitic to probably dimitic, with long and thick-walled contextual hyphae sometimes resembling skeletal hyphae, with basal clamps.

Gomes-Silva et al. (2015) pointed out that the species possesses rare skeletal hyphae, and wide, conspicuously clamped generative hyphae. The dendrohyphidia, gloeoporus hyphae and gloeocystidia mentioned by Coelho et al. (2007) were not observed by us, probably due to the fact that this kind of structure often collapses during drying. Additionally, we consider that the context is composed only of clamped generative hyphae, thin to slightly thick-walled, some distinctly wider, with a swollen apex, up to 30 μm wide. Finally, we observed the dimitic hyphal system only in the trama of the tubes, composed of clamped generative and arboriform skeletal hyphae. Ryvarden (2004) probably observed the arboriform skeletal hyphae, as illustrated in his book.

Considering the basidiospores Ryvarden (2004) describes the shape as globose (7–9 μm diam.), while Gomes-Silva et al. (2015) describe it as globose to subglobose ([8–10 (–11) × 7–9 μm]. Only Coelho et al (2007) use the Q value and define the shape as subglobose to broadly-ellipsoid [(5.6–)6–9.2(–10) × (4.4–)5.2–7.2(–8) μm] which is similar to our observations [Q = (1.0) 1.07–1.43(1.5), ave-Q = 1.21]. Amauroderma trichodermatum also has a monomitic context, but mainly differs by presenting a hairy pilear surface ( Robledo et al. 2015).

Figures

FIGURE 7. Macroscopic view of basidiomata of Amauroderma species. a, b A. aurantiacum: a—section of the basidioma (FLOR 52198); b—pilear surface in detail (FLOR 52198). c—general view of A. brasiliense (FLOR 50932). d, e—A. omphalodes (FLOR 52224). d— pilear surface in detail; e—section of basidioma. f,g—A. praetervisum (FLOR 52209).f—pilear surface in detail; g—section of basidioma. h—general view of A. schomburgkii (FLOR 52176). i—general view of A. sprucei (FLOR 52184). Scale bar: 1 cm. Photos by: D.H. Costa-Rezende.

FIGURE 8. Spores of Amauroderma species from the Cerrado. a—A. aurantiacum (FLOR 52199). b—A. brasiliense (FLOR 50932). c— A. calcitum (FLOR52230, holotype) d—A. omphalodes (FLOR 52221). e—A. praetervisum (FLOR 52208). f—A. schomburgkii (FLOR 52176). g—A. sprucei (FLOR 52184). Scale bar: 5 μm. Photos by: D.H. Costa-Rezende.