Aleochara bugnioni Fauvel 1901

Caron, Edilson, Moussallem, Marcelo & Bortoluzzi, Sidnei, 2019, Revision of Brazilian species of Aleochara Gravenhorst of the subgenus Aleochara (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae), Zootaxa 4712 (1), pp. 1-33 : 13-16

Aleochara bugnioni Fauvel 1901

( Figs. 4, 3 5–44 , 75 )

Aleochara curtula bugnioni Fauvel 1901: 90 (description as variety of A. curtula ( Goeze, 1777) , type locality: “ Colombie: Sierra Nevada”). Feynes 1918: 399 (catalogue, as junior subjective synonym of A. curtula ). Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz 1926: 776 (catalogue, as a variation of A. curtula ). Blackwelder 1944: 167 (catalogue, as variation of A. curtula ). Klimaszewski 1984: 77 (review, as subspecies of A. curtula ). Newton et al. 2005: 64 (checklist, as junior subjective synonym of A. curtula ). Caron et al. 2008: 832 (checklist, as subspecies of A. curtula ). Luo & Zhou 2012: 194 (revision, as subspecies of A. curtula ). Note: following the ICZN (1999) article 45.6.4, the name published before 1961 and using the term variety (including use of var.), the name is considered as subspecific name. Additionally, article 50.3.1 the authorship of the name within the species group is not affected by the rank at which is used. – Revalidated and erected to the species status name.

Aleochara lateralis Erichson, 1839: 161 (description, type locality: “Columbia, Dom. Moritz”). Chevrolat & Fauvel 1863: 428 (checklist, as valid species; description). Solsky 1872: 290 (checklist). Feynes 1918: 400 (catalogue). Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz 1926: 778 (catalogue, as senior subjective synonym of A. bonariensis ). Blackwelder 1943: 560 (catalogue, as senior subjective synonym of A. bonariensis ). Blackwelder 1944: 167 (catalogue). Klimaszewski et al. 1987: 250 and 255 (checklist; lectotype designation, redescritpion). Ashe 2002: 165 (catalogue, as senior subjective synonym of A. bonariensis ). Newton et al. 2005: 22; 64 (checklist, as valid species; as senior subjective synonym of A. bonariensis ). Caron et al. 2008 (checklist, as senior subjective synonym of A. bonariensis , but invalid name). Almeida & Mise 2009: 239 (checklist of forensic fauna; geographic distribution; cited as valid species). Note: A. lateralis Erichson, 1839 is a junior primary homonym of A. lateralis Heer, 1839 , and must be rejected, since the relative priority of the Erichson and Heer publications was discussed by Newton & Thayer (1992). Following the ICZN (1999) article 23.3.5, if a name in is invalid it must be replaced by the next oldest available name from among its synonyms – New synonym.

Type material: A. curtula bugnioni — Syntype: One specimen ( Fig. 4 ), female, deposited in IRSNB: (1) “Sª. Nevada 1600 m \ au Jessus[?] de San\ Antonio ( Colombie,\ 3 loudes[?]” [white label, handwritten i]; (2) “ V. Bugnioni Fvl.” [white label, handwritten]; (3) “Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B.” [white label, printed in black]; (4) Syntype \ Aleochara curtula var. \ bugnioni Fauvel, 1901 \ Det. E. Caron, 2018” [white label, printed in black]; (5) “Photographed by\ BUSS, A.P.\ 01/XI/2018 \ DZUP-Palotina” [pink label, printed in black]. Note: Fauvel did not mention the number of specimens in the type series of A. curtula var. bugnioni . As a conservative approach (following article 72.1.1, ICZN 1999), we suggest that this specimen should be considered as syntype.

Additional material: DZUP: Brazil: One specimen: (1) “BRASIL: Paraná, Matinhos,\ Praia Grande, - 25.780565S, -48.516342W, Restinga\ Pitfall-fezes, 28.xii.2018 -\ 04.i.2019, E. Caron (leg.)”. Two specimens: (1) “ Brasil – AM, Manaus\ Reserva Adolpho Ducke\ K. M. Mise (leg.)”; (2) “Coleta manual\ isca carne bovina” . Three specimens: (1) “Brasil; PB; João Pessoa\ Mata do Buraquinho\ 7º08’22” S, 34º51’37” W \ 20/VIII/2010 \ R. C. A. P. Farias col. P” . One specimen: (1) “Brasil; PB; João Pessoa\ Mata do Buraquinho\ 7º08’22” S, 34º51’37” W \ 19/VIII/2010 \ R. C. A. P. Farias col. P”. Two specimens: (1) “Linhares\ Espírito Santo \ Brasil\ X/2004 \ P. Grossi, col.”; (2) “ Pitfall com\ fezes humanas” . One specimen: (1) “ BRASIL: SP, Parq. Est.\ Serra do Mar (Bertioga)\ 23°44’45”S, 45°55’45”W \ 24.iv.2017, rim, 21m, V \ Costa-Silva leg.”; (2) “ Aleochara bonariensis \ Lynch, 1884 \ Det. V. Costa-Silva, 2017” . Colombia: One specimen: (1) “Colombia—Antioquia\ Medelin\ 75º34’05”W 6º13’55”N \ 17/VI/1999 \ Uribe & Wolf col.”; (2) “Colecta realizada en\ cerdo en\ decomposicion” . One specimen: (1) “Colombia—Antioquia\ Medelin\ 75º34’05”W 6º13’55”N \ 19/V/1999 \ Uribe & Wolf col.”; (2) “Colecta realizada en\ cerdo en\ decomposicion” One specimen: (1) “Colombia—Antioquia\ Medelin\ 75º34’05”W 6º13’55”N \ 04/VI/1999 \ Uribe & Wolf col.”; (2) “Colecta realizada en\ cerdo en\ decomposicion” . One specimen: (1) “Colom-bia—Antioquia\ Medelin\ 75º34’05”W 6º13’55”N \ 17/VI/1999 \ Uribe & Wolf col.”; (2) “Colecta realizada en\ cerdo en\ decomposicion” . One specimen: (1) “Colombia—Antioquia\ Medelin\ 75º34’05”W 6º13’55”N \ 26/V/1999 \ Uribe & Wolf col.”; (2) “Colecta realizada en\ cerdo en\ decomposicion” . One specimen: (1) “Colombia—An-tioquia\ Medelin\ 75º34’05”W 6º13’55”N \ 22/V/1999 \ Uribe & Wolf col.”; (2) “Colecta realizada en\ cerdo en\ decomposicion” . INPA: Brazil: One specimen: (1) “BRASIL: Amazonas\ Campus Universitário\ Manaus, 04-11/

VIII/1988”; (2) “Marcia Castilho\ J. Elias Binda \ Arm, Shannon\ Isca: Fezes”. One specimen: (1) “ BRASIL: Amazonas\ Campus Universitário\ Manaus, 19-26/VIII/1988 ”; (2) “Marcia Castilho\ J. Elias Binda \ Arm, Shannon\ Isca: Fezes”. One specimen: (1) “BRASIL: Amazonas\ Campus Universitário\ Mao, 28/VII-05/VIII/1988 ”; (2) “Marcia Castilho\ J. Elias Binda \ Arm, Shannon\ Isca: Fezes”. One specimen: (1) “ INPA – MANAUS – AM \ 28/04/1977 \ ício dia”; (2) “ Aleochara ♂ \ bonariensis L\ det. E. Caron, 2019”. IRSNB: Brazil: One specimen: (1) “ Rio Janeiro ”; (2) “ Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B.” . FMNH: Brazil: One specimen: (1) “Maná-\os”; (2) “Sv. Amaz-\ Exp. Roman”; (3) “ 20 nov. ”; (4) “verecunda\ det. Bernhauer \ Scholoed R. Mus.”; (5) “Chicago NHMus\ M.Bernhauer \ Collection”; (6) “FMNHINS\ 2840578\ FIELD MUSEUM \ Pinned”. Bolivia: One specimen: (1) [Small square green label. There is no writing in this label]. (2) “Mapiri\ Bolivia ”; (3) “ lateralis Shp. \ Bang Haay(?)\ determ. Bernh ”; (4) “Chicago NHMus\ M.Bernhauer \ Collection”; (5) “FMNHINS\ 2840582\ FIELD MUSEUM \ Pinned” . MPEG: Brazil: One specimen: (1) “Belém P Museu\ 18-II-1977 ”; (2) “Brasil Pará \ P Waldir ”; (3) “ MPEG ” .

Diagnosis: Aleochara bugnioni is similar to A. lustrica and differs from it by curved apical one-third of median lobe of the aedeagus and apex directed dorsad; and capsule of spermatheca narrow apically and with an elongate apical invagination.

Redescription: BL: 8.0 mm. EW: 2.0 mm. Body brown to dark brown, with elytra, appendices and apical part of abdomen lighter. Elytra with a distinct darker spot on the external and apical angle, spot with the same color of pronotum. Dorsal surface glossy and covered with thin golden yellowish setae, setigerous pores impressed.

Head: with setigerous punctation; disc with sparse pubescence directed mediad and anterad. Antennae with antennomere 2 half and slightly narrower than the first; 3 longer than 2; 4 transverse; 5–9 similar in shape, distinctly transverse, gradually slightly narrower than the apex, which 5 distinctly wider than 9; 10 transverse; 11 twice longer than the previous one, semi-triangular in shape; 1–4 glossy with some long black setae; 5–11 dull and covered by very short white setae, with some long black setae on apex of each antennomere and in 11 with long black setae on a transversal circular line in the middle of the antennomere.

Thorax: pronotum with setigerous punctuation; setae directed posterad at the midline of the disc and directed posterad and laterad elsewhere. Mesoventral process truncate. Elytra with setigerous punctuation, denser than pronotum; setae directed posterad.

Abdomen: distinctly narrowed posteriorly; terga with coarsely setigerous punctuated, sparse pubescence directed posterad.

Male: tergum VIII as wide as long; posterior margin slightly emarginate at the middle, distinctly serrate, with about 12 teeth ( Fig. 35 ). Sternum VIII as wide as long; posterior margin truncate ( Fig. 36 ). Tergum IX with asymmetrical ventral struts, the left shorter than the right, the left with one accessory short arm directed laterad. Tergum X with posterior margin emarginate at the middle ( Fig. 37 ); Aedeagus: median lobe elongate with base very bulbous ( Fig. 39 ); its apical one-third curved, directed dorsad, and with a very small subapical tooth on ventral face ( Fig. 40 ).

Female: tergum VIII as wide as long; posterior margin slightly emarginate ( Fig. 41 ). Sternum VIII as wide as long; posterior margin broadly rounded, some short setae restricted to posterior margin ( Fig. 42 ). Tergum IX with very short and symmetrical ventral struts. Tergum X with anterior margin rounded and posterior margin slightly emarginated at the middle ( Fig. 43 ). Spermatheca long, somewhat in L-format, capsule of spermatheca narrow apically and with an elongate apical invagination ( Fig. 44 ).

Taxonomic note: previously, A. bugnioni was erroneously identified as A. curtula by having similarly maculated pattern of elytra, with a conspicuous darker spot on the apical angle, but it distinctly differs from A. curtula by the shape of the apical portion of median lobe and the shape of the spermathecal capsule (compare Figs. 39b,40b and 44 with Figs. 62 and 64 in the Yamamoto & Maruyama 20016b: 29).

Geographical records: Bolivia (Mapiri); Brazil (Amazonas: Manaus; Espírito Santo: Linhares; Pará: Belém; Paraíba: João Pessoa; Paraná: Matinhos; Rio de Janeiro; São Paulo: Bertioga); Colombia: Medelín .

Natural history: associated with decomposing pig carcass, decomposing cow carcasses and human feces. Some specimens were collected using Shannon trap.

Figures

FIGURE 75. Map of distribution of Brazilian species of Aleochara (Aleochara).

FIGURES 1–7. Dorsal habitus of Brazilian species of Aleochara (Aleochara). (1) A. auricoma; (2) A. mundana; (3) A. prisca; (4) A. bugnioni; (5) A. lustrica; (6) A. chrysorrhoa; (7) A. bonariensis.

FIGURES 8–13. Morphologic structures of A. auricoma, male. (8) Tergum VIII, dorsal view; (9) Sternum VIII, ventral view; (10) Terga IX–X, dorsal view; (11) Paramere; (12) Aedeagus, dorsal view; (13) Aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURES 14–16. Morphologic structures of A. auricoma, female. (14) Tergum VIII, dorsal view; (15) Sternum VIII, ventral view; (16) Terga IX–X, dorsal, view.

FIGURES 17–22. Morphologic structures of A. mundana, male. (17) Tergum VIII, dorsal view; (18) Sternum VIII, ventral view; (19) Terga IX–X, dorsal view; (20) Paramere; (21) Aedeagus, dorsal view; (22) Aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURES 23–25. Morphologic structures of A. mundana, female. (23) Tergum VIII, dorsal view; (24) Sternum VIII, ventral view; (25) Terga IX–X, dorsal, view.

FIGURES 26–31. Morphologic structures of A. prisca, male. (26) Tergum VIII, dorsal view; (27) Sternum VIII, ventral view; (28) Terga IX–X, dorsal view; (29) Paramere; (30) Aedeagus, dorsal view; (31) Aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURES 32–34. Morphologic structures of A. prisca, female. (32) Tergum VIII, dorsal view; (33) Sternum VIII, ventral view; (34) Terga IX–X, dorsal, view.

FIGURES 35–40. Morphologic structures of A. bugnioni, male. (35) Tergum VIII, dorsal view; (36) Sternum VIII, ventral view; (37) Terga IX–X, dorsal view; (38) Paramere; (39) Aedeagus, dorsal view; (40) Aedeagus, lateral view.

FIGURES 41–44. Morphologic structures of A. bugnioni, female. (41) Tergum VIII, dorsal view; (42) Sternum VIII, ventral view; (43) Terga IX–X, dorsal, view; (44) Spermatheca.

FIGURES 61–64. Morphologic structures of A. chrysorrhoa, female (61) Tergum VIII, dorsal view; (62) Sternum VIII, ventral view; (63) Terga IX–X, dorsal, view; (64) Spermatheca.