Dendropaemon (Paradendropaemon) ganglbaueri Felsche, 1909

François Génier & Patrick Arnaud, 2016, Dendropaemon Perty, 1830: taxonomy, systematics and phylogeny of the morphologically most derived phanaeine genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae, Phanaeini), Zootaxa 4099 (1) : 63-64

31. Dendropaemon (Paradendropaemon) ganglbaueri Felsche, 1909

( Figs. 31 , 126 , 148 , 159 )

Dendropemon Ganglbaueri Felsche 1909 , Deut. Ent. Zeit. 1909: 755 (original description)

Dendropemon Ganglbaueri : Gillet 1911, Col. Cat. 38: 88 (catalogue)

Dendropaemon ganglbaueri: Olsoufieff 1924 , Insecta 13: 121 (monograph)

Dendropaemon ganglbaueri: Pessôa & Lane 1936 , Rev. Biol. Hygiene 7: 89 (identification key, comment) Dendropaemon ganglbaueri: Pessôa & Lane 1941 , Arq. Zool. S. Paulo 2: 490 (identification key, comment) Dendropemon ganglbaueri: Blackwelder 1944 , U.S. Nat . Mus. Bull. 185: 210 (checklist)

Dendropemon ganglbaueri: Martínez 1944 , Rev. Arg. Ent. 2: 35 (comment taxonomy)

Dendropemon (Paradendropaemon) ganglbaueri: Edmonds 1972 , Univ. Kansas Sc. Bull. 49: 849 (misidentification) Dendropaemon ganglbaueri : Vaz-de-Mello 2000, Hac. Proy. CYTED: 192 (faunistic)

Dendropaemon (Paradendropaemon) ganglbaueri: Arnaud 2002 , Col. Monde 28: 14 (misidentification) Dendropaemon ganglbaueri: Philips et al. 2004 , Insect Syst. Evol. 35: 51 (phylogeny)

Dendropaemon ganglbaueri: Barbosa 2008 , Comm. Scar.: 19 (biology)

Dendropaemon (Paradendropaemon) ganglbaueri : Vaz-de-Mello & Génier 2009, Col. Bull. 63: 364 (misidentification)

Type locality. Sao Paulo, Süd-Brasilien.

Diagnosis. The long, approximately 3.5 times as long as wide at apex, first metatarsomere will place D. ganglbaueri in Paradendropaemon . Differs from the only other species in the group, D. vazdemelloi , by the longitudinally compressed first metatarsomere, the metatibial anterior surface which is glossy between the fine irregular punctures, the anterior pronotal margin which is distinctly enlarged and flat lateral to the eye and by its seemingly larger average size.

Description. Male holotype ( Fig. 31 ). Body. Body large, length 20.0 mm, maximum width 12.0 mm; body elongate-oval in dorsal view; dorsum convex. Color. Dorsal surface dark brown to black, glossy, lacking metallic sheen; ventrum dark brown to black; pygidium dark brown; legs dark reddish brown to black. Head. Clypeus broadly arcuate, anterior portion slightly upturned; clypeal teeth obtusely triangular; clypeal median emargination v-shaped, clypeal edge emarginate on external side of each clypeal tooth, clypeal teeth ventral surface with an arcuate irregular carina, clypeal margin well-defined and sharply carinate posteriorly, clypeal surface with transverse rugulae; clypeogenal suture well-defined, bluntly carinate internally; genal surface with fine blunt transverse rugulae, lacking distinct transverse carina, concave laterally and convex internally; clypeofrontal carina rather low, approximately 4 times wider than high, straight in dorsal view, tuberculate, clypeofrontal carina apical edge trilobate, median lobe much higher than laterals in frontal view; eyes small in dorsal view, interocular ratio 5.9. Pronotum. Pronotum transverse in dorsal view, pronotal width/length ratio 1.6; disc of pronotum finely punctate basally, punctures changing into fine rough rugulae anteriorly, with an ill-defined shallow longitudinal depression on posterior half; pronotal anterior margin unmodified lateral to eye; anterior portion with a nearly straight and slightly tuberculate medially transverse carina bordering anteriorly a large concavity; anterior angles surface with fine rugulae, similar to lateral margin along posterior edge of anterior margin; lateral fossae simply rounded, concave; lateral portions slightly explanate; pronotal basal fossae ill-defined, slightly concave; posterior margin well-defined, lacking crenulation and setae. Elytra. Elytra slightly transverse, elytral combined width/ length ratio 1.3; elytral base lacking distinct margin, simply convex; elytral striae 1–4 moderately wide, evenly impressed throughout, elytral striae 5 similar to 4 on disc, strial punctures minute, adjacent strial edge encroaching on interval, stria 1 weakly impressed apically, going straight to elytral apical margin; interstriae slightly convex, finely punctate throughout, surface glossy. Thoracic sterna. Proepisternal carina absent; metasternal median lobe angularly produced anteromedially, ventral ridge well-defined, keel-shaped. Legs. Profemur posterior surface convex, glabrous and punctate internally, posterointernal margin rather thin, evenly developed, internal edge wide, with a contiguous row of setae along anterointernal edge and few scattered long setae on anterior half, remaining surface finely punctate along setae. Protibia with four teeth on lateral edge; internal basal angle unmodified; anterior surface lacking aligned row of setae internally, surface glossy or feebly microsculptured between punctures; posterior surface lacking punctures externally to median carina, surface finely and irregularly microsculptured, with several unaligned and contiguous setal row along lateral teeth. Mesofemur unmodified on anterointernal edge apically. Mesotibia abruptly widening before apex in anterior view; anteroapical edge slightly sinuate in anterior view, anteroapical row of setae complete; apicoanterior edge angular, lacking distinct emargination internally; external edge more or less flat, bordered anteriorly and posteriorly by an almost complete setal row. Mesotarsus differently shaped than metatarsus, 2-segmented, first segment moderately elongate, approximately two times as long as wide at apex. Metafemur elongate, internal and lateral edges mostly parallel in ventral view, more than twice as long as wide, lacking distinct depressed area anterointernally before apex, apicoposterior edge unmodified, anterior surface with a well-defined sulcus on more than half the length. Metatibia abruptly widening before apex in anterior view, anterior surface with distinct row of setae, with fine irregular punctures on a glossy surface, metatibial posterior surface concave between internal and lateral edge, glossy between punctures. Metatarsus 2-segmented ( Fig. 126 ), first segment elongate, more than three time as long as wide at apex, with anterointernal carina indistinguishable. Abdominal sternites. Sternites 3–6 longitudinally flat; sternites 4–6 with more than three unaligned row of setae laterally, narrowly glabrous medially; sternite 7 approximately longitudinally flat medially, as long as segment 5–6 combined along midline; pygidium finely punctate on disc. Male genitalia. Parameres unknown.

Measurements (1 male). Length: 20.0 mm.

Primary type data ( Fig. 148 ). Male holotype (MTD): [Sao Paulo]; [ Ganglbaueri / Felsche/ Brasilien] handwritten; [♀] disc; [Coll. C. Felsche/ Kauf 20, 1918] green card; [TYPUS] red card; [Staatl. Museum für/ Tierkunde Dresden]; [ Dendropaemon / ganglbaueri ♀/ Felsche/ Sao Paulo. Blut det] handwritten; [WORLD/ SCARAB./ DATABASE/ WSD00002076]; [HOLOTYPE / Dendrop[a]emon / ganglebaueri / Felsche, 1909] red card; [ Dendropaemon / ganglbaueri / Felsche ♂/ vid. F. Génier, 2012] partly handwritten.

Material examined. Primary type only.

Natural history. Unknown.

Remarks. Female and variation unknown.

As opposed to what Felsche and Blut stated, the holotype is a male, but the aedeagus is missing. Removing the viscera and stuffing cotton in the cavity was often done when preparing large specimens in the 19th century. In addition to the characters mentioned above, the metasternal keel differs in being more developed and less arcuate in lateral view and the first metatarsomere has a single distinct fine longitudinal sulcus instead of two in D. vazdemelloi .

Unfortunately, the single known specimen only possess a generic (contemporary?) printed label stating “Sao Paulo”. Therefore, Felsche stated that the type locality is “Sao Paulo”, it is however not clear if it is taken in the sense of the state or the city. The original manuscript label only state “ Brasilien ” suggesting that it might be anywhere in Brazil. No additional specimens have ever been collected from the city or the state of São Paulo since it was originally described over a century ago.

Figures

FIGURE 159. Known distribution of D. amyntas, D. attalus, D. lydiae, D. morettoi, D. ganglbaueri, D. vazdemelloi.

FIGURES 31 – 36. Dorsal habitus. 31. D. ganglbaueri, male holotype; 32. D. vazdemelloi, male holotype; 33. D. refulgens, male holotype; 34. D. fractipes, male holotype; 35. D. fasces, male lectotype; 36. D. haroldi, male lectotype.

FIGURES 126 – 133. Metatarsus, ventral view. 126. D. ganglbaueri, holotype; 127. D. vazdemelloi, holotype; 128. D. refulgens, holotype; 129. D. fractipes; 130. D. fasces; 131. D. nitidicollis; 132. D. quadratus; 133. D. denticollis.

FIGURES 134 – 154. Primary type labels. 134. D. hirticollis; 135. D. pauliani; 136. D. renatii; 137. D. ater; 138. D. piceus; 139: D. telephus; 140. D. viridis; 141. D. viridipennis. 142. D. convexus; 143. D. fredericki; 144. D. angustipennis; 145. D. bahianus; 146. D. amyntas (= D. attalus); 147. D. ganglbaueri; 148. D. refulgens; 149. D. fractipes; 150. D. fasces; 151. D. haroldi; 152. D. nitidicollis; 153. D. quadratus; 154. D. similis; 155. D. denticollis.