Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898

Stephan M. Blank, Katja Kramp, David R. Smith, Yuri N. Sundukov, Meicai Wei & Akihiko Shinohara, 2017, Big and beautiful: the Megaxyela species (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) of East Asia and North America, European Journal of Taxonomy 348, pp. 1-46 : 9

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.348
publication LSID	urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:56D8BC29-3C29-4EE8-8633-B997784CA00A
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5698068
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C587E2-FFD9-FF98-FDD1-FCC2FE03F98D
treatment provided by	Plazi (2017-11-06 16:40:52, last updated by Guilherme 2024-12-16 18:32:57)
scientific name	Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898
status

Treatment

Megaxyela Ashmead in Dyar, 1898a [May]: 214 (nec Ashmead in Dyar 1898b [July]: 174),

type species: Xyela major Cresson, 1880 (now Megaxyela major ), by original designation.

Odontophyes Konow, 1899: 42, type species: Pleroneura avingrata Konow, 1899 (unjustified emendation and homonym of Pleuroneura [sic!] aviingrata Dyar, 1898; now Megaxyela aviingrata), by monotypy.

Megaloxyela Schulz, 1906: 88 , unjustified emendation of Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898 .

Paraxyela MacGillivray, 1912: 294, type species: Xyela tricolor Norton, 1862 (now Megaxyela tricolor ), by original designation.

Odontophyes – Ross 1932: 161 (synonymy with Megaxyela ).

Paraxyela – Ross 1932: 161 (synonymy with Megaxyela ).

Megaloxyela – Smith 1978: 24 (listed in synonymy with Megaxyela ).

Remarks

Megaxyela species differ from other extant xyelids by the following characters: carina along inner orbit present (e.g., Figs 3F–G View Fig. 3 , 4G View Fig. 4 ), sometimes obscured by other surface sculpture (e.g., Figs 6C View Fig. 6 , 8F View Fig. 8 ); vein Sc2 of fore wing joining R at 0.25–0.50 of distance between separation of Rs from R and pterostigma ( Fig. 1A–B View Fig. 1 ); hind legs extended, about 1.5–2.0 × as long as body (e.g., Fig. 3A–B, 3D–E View Fig. 3 ). The taxonomic recognition of Megaxyela from other extant Xyelidae is possible with the keys of Ross (1937), Benson (1945) and Blank (2002).

References

Benson R. B. 1945. Classification of the Xyelidae (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B: Taxonomy 14: 34 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1945. tb 00013. x

Blank S. M. 2002. The western Palaearctic Xyelidae (Hymenoptera). In: Viitasaari M. (ed.) Sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) I. A Review of the Suborder, the Western Palaearctic Taxa of Xyeloidea and Pamphilioidea: 197 - 233. Tremex, Helsinki.

Cresson E. T. 1880. Descriptions of new North American Hymenoptera in the collection of the American Entomological Society. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 8: 1 - 52.

Dyar H. G. 1898 a. Description of an unusual sawfly-larva belonging to the Xyelinae. Psyche 8: 212 - 214 [May 1898].

Dyar H. G. 1898 b. Notes on some sawfly larvae, especially the Xyelidae. Canadian Entomologist 30: 173 - 176 [July 1898]. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 30173 - 7

Konow F. W. 1899. Ueber einige neue Chalastogastra. Wiener entomologische Zeitung 18: 41 - 46.

MacGillivray A. D. 1912. New genera and species of Xyelidae and Lydidae. Canadian Entomologist 44: 294 - 299. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 44294 - 10

Norton E. 1862. Notice of several new species of Tenthredinidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia 1 [1861 - 1863] (5): 143 - 144.

Ross H. H. 1932. The hymenopterous family Xyelidae in North America. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 25: 153 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / aesa / 25.1.153

Ross H. H. 1937. A generic classification of the Nearctic sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta). Illinois Biological Monographs 15: 1 - 173. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 50339

Schulz W. A. 1906. Strandgut. Spolia Hymenopterologica [1906]: 76 - 269.

Figures

Fig. 1. Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898, morphological terminology. A. M. major (Cresson, 1880) (♀, paralectotype, DEI-GISHym 30823, ANSP), wings. B. M. parki Shinohara, 1992 (♀, 18509, NSMT), section of fore wing. C. M. euchroma Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. (♂, paratype, 22513, NSMT), penis valve. D. M. parki (♂, 710, NSMT), antenna. E. M. gigantea Mocsáry, 1909 (♀, holotype of M. mikado Sato, 1930, 22350, NSMT), ovipositor and ovipositor sheath, with indication of measurement of length of valvifer 2 (blue), valvula 3 (white), and width of valvula 3 (yellow). F. M. euchroma sp. nov. (♀, paratype, 22558, CSCS), section of ovipositor, white arrow heads indicating teeth of ctenidia on valvulae 1 and 2.

Fig. 3. Megaxyela euchroma Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. A – B. Habitus dorsal / lateral (♀, holotype, DEI-GISHym 22554, CSCS). C. Abdomen ventral, arrowheads indicating white stripe along ventral edge of terga (♀, 22511, NSMT). D – E. Habitus dorsal / lateroventral (♂, 22514, NSMT). F – G. Head, obliquely lateral / frontal, arrowheads indicating carina along inner orbit (♂, 22510, NSMT). H – K. Metatarsus, lateroventral (♀, holotype, 22554, CSCS), ventral (♀, 22510, NSMT), tarsomeres 1 – 2, ventral, arrowheads indicating small pulvilli (♀, 22509, NSMT), lateroventral (♂, 22513, NSMT).

Fig. 4. Megaxyela fulvago Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. A. Habitus lateral (♀, DEI-GISHym 5752, NSMT). B. Metatarsus lateral (♀, 5752, NSMT). C – D. Metatarsus lateral / ventral (♂, holotype, 5236, CSCS). E – F. Habitus dorsal / lateroventral (♂, holotype, 5236, CSCS). G. Head frontal (♂, 5239, NSMT).

Fig. 6. Megaxyela inversa Blank & D. R. Smith sp. nov. (♀, paratype, DEI-GISHym 22356, USNM). A. Habitus, lateral; small insertion: original collection labels. B. Antenna. C. Head, frontal, arrowhead indicating carina along inner orbit. D – E. Metatarsus, lateral / lateroventral view. F – G. Wings.

Fig. 8. Megaxyela parki Shinohara, 1992. A – B. Habitus dorsal / lateroventral (♀, DEI-GISHym 18509, NSMT). C – D. Habitus dorsal / lateroventral (♂, 710, NSMT). E. Head frontal (♂, 710, NSMT). F – G. Metatarsus lateral / ventral, arrowheads indicate pulvilli (♀, 18509, NSMT). H. Metatarsus lateral (♂, 710, NSMT).