Megaxyela parki Shinohara, 1992

Stephan M. Blank, Katja Kramp, David R. Smith, Yuri N. Sundukov, Meicai Wei & Akihiko Shinohara, 2017, Big and beautiful: the Megaxyela species (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) of East Asia and North America, European Journal of Taxonomy 348, pp. 1-46 : 25-26

Megaxyela parki Shinohara, 1992

Figs 1D , 8A–H , 11F , 12F , 13D

Megaxyela parki Shinohara, 1992: 792–794 , figs 4C, 4E, 6A–B (♀, type locality: South Korea, Kangwondo , Mt. Samagsan near Chuncheon).

Material examined or reported in literature

SOUTH KOREA: 1 ♂, Chollanam-do, Sonamsa, 34.98° N, 127.33° E, 19 Apr. 1990, H.-J. Choe leg., DEI-GISHym 710 ( CALS) ; 1 ♀ (holotype, CIS), 4 ♀♀ (paratypes, NSMT), Kangwon-do, Chuncheon, 7.5 km SW, Mt. Samagsan , 37.80° N, 127.68° E, 650 m alt., 9 May 1990, A. Shinohara leg. ( Shinohara 1992) ; 1 ♀, Kangwon-do, Mirugam (Pugdaesa), Mt. Odaesan , 37.80° N, 128.57° E, 1300 m alt., 24 May 1989, A. Shinohara leg. (paratype, USNM) ( Shinohara 1992) ; 1 ♀, same locality, 27 May 1989, A. Shinohara leg., (paratype, NSMT) ( Shinohara 1992) ; 3 ♀♀, same locality, 29 May 1993, A. Shinohara leg., DEI-GISHym 18510 ( NSMT) ; 1 ♀, same locality, 30 May 1993, A. Shinohara leg. ( NSMT) ; 1 ♀, same locality, 31 May 1993, A. Shinohara leg., DEI-GISHym 18509 ( NSMT) ; 1 ♀, same locality, 1 Jun. 1993, A. Shinohara leg. ( NSMT) .

Description

See Shinohara (1992) and Figs 8A–B , 11F .

Female

Ovipositor about 2.6 mm long, weakly curved ventrally, valvula 1 and valvula 2 without bulbous zone, without ctenidia ( Fig. 12F ). Pulvilli present on metatarsomeres 1–4, on article 1 pulvillus 130–150 µm long, on article 4 150–180 µm ( Fig. 8G–H ).

Male

COLOR. Similar to female ( Figs 1D , 8D–E, H ). Tergum 8, sterna 4–6, subgenital plate and genitalia red brown, sterna 1–3 black with red brown mark medially.

MORPHOLOGY. Body 9.8 mm, fore wing 11.5 mm long. POL: OOL: OCL = 1.0: 1.8: 1.8. Interantennal distance 1.2 × as wide as distance between torulus and eye margin, malar space 0.4 × as wide as interantennal distance. Eye 1.4 × as long as wide, frons 1.5 × as wide as maximum diameter of eye. Synantennomere 3 4.0 mm, antennal filament 0.8 mm, with 7 articles. Article 3 of maxillary palp 0.5 mm. On hind leg, femur 3.8 mm, tibia 5.1 mm, tarsus 4.3 mm, tarsomere 1 4.5 × as long as wide, longer distal spur of tibia 0.5 × as long as tarsomere 1. Claws and microsculpture similar to female. Subgenital plate bluntly pointed at apex. Valviceps of penis valve distally evenly rounded, basal third of upper side expanded to a round lobe coiled laterally, medial 0.4–0.7 of upper edge with irregular teeth. Distal 0.4 of valviceps with long setae, lower portion of medial 0.4–0.7 with short setae ( Fig. 13D ).

Remarks

Megaxyela parki belongs to the group of East Asian species with extensively white terga 2–4. Among these species, it is unique in the completely red brown tergum 7 (black and laterally/ventrally white in other species). It is also easily identified by its comparatively short antennae with the antennal filament comprising 6–7 articles, long valvula 3 of the ovipositor sheath, almost completely black head, red brown antennae, and yellow white metatarsus.

The previously unknown male is similar to the female in color. Both male and female bear a much less dense hair cover on the posterior tarsi than other East Asian taxa. The larval host is still unknown.

Figures

Fig. 1. Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898, morphological terminology. A. M. major (Cresson, 1880) (♀, paralectotype, DEI-GISHym 30823, ANSP), wings. B. M. parki Shinohara, 1992 (♀, 18509, NSMT), section of fore wing. C. M. euchroma Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. (♂, paratype, 22513, NSMT), penis valve. D. M. parki (♂, 710, NSMT), antenna. E. M. gigantea Mocsáry, 1909 (♀, holotype of M. mikado Sato, 1930, 22350, NSMT), ovipositor and ovipositor sheath, with indication of measurement of length of valvifer 2 (blue), valvula 3 (white), and width of valvula 3 (yellow). F. M. euchroma sp. nov. (♀, paratype, 22558, CSCS), section of ovipositor, white arrow heads indicating teeth of ctenidia on valvulae 1 and 2.

Fig. 8. Megaxyela parki Shinohara, 1992. A – B. Habitus dorsal / lateroventral (♀, DEI-GISHym 18509, NSMT). C – D. Habitus dorsal / lateroventral (♂, 710, NSMT). E. Head frontal (♂, 710, NSMT). F – G. Metatarsus lateral / ventral, arrowheads indicate pulvilli (♀, 18509, NSMT). H. Metatarsus lateral (♂, 710, NSMT).

Fig. 11. Species of Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898, ovipositor sheaths. A. M. euchroma Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. (holotype, DEI-GISHym 22554, CSCS). B. M. fulvago Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. (5752, NSMT). C. M. gigantea Mocsáry, 1909, holotype of M. mikado Sato, 1930 (22350, NSMT). D. M. inversa Blank & D. R. Smith sp. nov., paratype (22356, USNM). E. M. langstoni Ross, 1936, holotype (30821, INHS). F. M. parki Shinohara, 1992 (18510, NSMT). G. M. pulchra Blank, Shinohara & Sundukov sp. nov., holotype (18501, NSMT). H. M. togashii Shinohara, 1992, holotype (22352, NSMT). Images not to the same scale.

Fig. 12. Species of Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898, ovipositors. A. M. euchroma Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov., paratype, DEI-GISHym 22510 (NSMT). B – C. M. fulvago Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov., paratype (5752, NSMT). C. Complete valvula 2 (incident light) and tip of valvula 2 (insert, transmitted light). D. M. inversa Blank & D. R. Smith sp. nov., paratype (22356, USNM). E. M. gigantea Mocsáry, 1909, holotype of M. mikado Sato, 1930 (22350, NSMT). F. M. parki Shinohara, 1992, paratype (18510, NSMT). G. M. pulchra Blank, Shinohara & Sundukov sp. nov., paratype (22348, NSMT). H. M. togashii Shinohara, 1992 (22353, NSMT). The images in B and H have been flipped horizontally.

Fig. 13. Species of Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898, penis valves (A – F) and genitalia capsules (G – I). A. M. euchroma Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. (DEI-GISHym 22513, NSMT). B. M. fulvago Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. (5239, NSMT). C. M. gigantea Mocsáry, 1909 (708, NSMT). D. M. parki Shinohara, 1992 (710, NSMT). E. M. pulchra Blank, Shinohara & Sundukov sp. nov. (18503, NSMT). F. M. togashii Shinohara, 1992 (22521, NSMT). G – H. M. gigantea, genitalia capsule in dorsal / ventral view (18507, NSMT). I. M. pulchra sp. nov., genitalia capsule in dorso-posterior view (22349, NSMT). Arrow heads in Fig. 13 H – I indicate lobe of upper side of valviceps coiled laterally. Images not to same scale.