Strongylophthalmyia borneensis Evenhuis

Evenhuis, Neal L., 2016, World review of the genus Strongylophthalmyia Heller (Diptera: Strongylophthalmyiidae). Part I: Introduction, morphology, species groups, and review of the Strongylophthalmyia punctata subgroup, Zootaxa 4189 (2), pp. 201-243 : 210-213

Strongylophthalmyia borneensis Evenhuis , n. sp.

( Figs. 1 , 11 , 18 , 46, 47 , 63 , 90 )

Diagnosis. This new species is similar to S. punctata and S. lowi , n. sp. but can be differentiated from each based on the infuscation of the wing (wing hyaline in S. punctata and S. lowi ) and the dark brown mid and hind femora with only the basal fifth yellow (basal third yellow in S. punctata and apex yellow in S. lowi ).

Description. Lengths. Ƌ: body, 4.3–6.2 mm; wing, 3.8–5.5 mm. Male. Head (cf. Fig. 1 ): globular, shining black; face gray; gena dull dark grayish brown, row of short yellow hairs ventrally; clypeus small, subrhomboid; palpus ( Fig. 11 ) boat-shaped, dark brown, with black hairs ventrally and apically; proboscis black.

Antenna ( Fig. 18 ) scape and pedicel dark brown; flagellomere subrhomboid, rounded apically, longer than wide, yellowish brown with apicolateral region dark brown, densely clothed with white hairs, with long, slender, Sshaped dorsal process 1.75 times length of flagellomere; arista slightly shorter than dorsal process, styliform, bare.

Thorax: shining black throughout, mesonotum and scutellum sparsely clothed with short white hair-like setulae; anepisternum with tuft of black hairs medially, a few minute white hairs along prealar suture; katepisternum with long white hairs ventrally near mid coxa.

Wing ( Fig. 47 ) hyaline, tinge of brown at extreme apex; vein R2+3 nearly straight, ending in costa well beyond level of crossvein dm-cu; crossvein r-m before middle of cell dm; veins R4+5 and M1+2 parallel distally; crossvein dm-cu not perpendicular to CuA1; last section of CuA1 to wing margin subequal in length to crossvein dm-cu; halter white.

WIP ( Fig. 46 ). Distally a mixture of green and lavender color; magenta-colored in basal half of radial and medial portions; anal lobe with alternating bands of magenta and brassy green; darker coloration corresponding to faint infuscation at apex and medially.

Legs: coxae, fore femora, and tibiae dark brown, tarsi yellow; fore coxa with 3 long black hairs; fore femur ( Fig. 63 ) dorsally with 4–5 short black thorn-like spicules in single row; mid and hind femora yellow on basal fifth, remainder dark brown.

Abdomen: tergites I–II brown; tergites III–VI black, with short sparse brown hairs, these hairs longest on tergites V–VI; sternites brown.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 90 ); epandrium and surstylus shining black, with white hairs; cerci dark brown, narrow basally, flared and rounded apically, with long white hairs dorsally, shorter black hairs apically and ventrally; phallapodeme subequal in length to distiphallus; anterior lobe of hypandrium bifid; distiphallus roughly two times length of epandrial complex, with sclerotized globular apex.

Female. Flagellomere without long dorsal process; arista slender and bare, 1.5 times length of flagellomere; clypeus large, bulbous; anepimeron without lateral tuft of hairs; abdominal segments VI–X modified into a tubular ovipositor. Other characteristics same as those of male; two well-developed spherical spermathecae.

Material examined. Holotype ♂ ( BPBM 17,813 ) from MALAYSIA (Sarawak): Sadong Kampong, Tapuh , 400–450 m, 10 Jul 1958, T.C. Maa ( BPBM) . Paratypes: MALAYSIA (Sabah): Penampang District: 7♂, 3♀, Crocker Range, Kiulu , bamboo forest, 570 m (SDG11-20), 5°52'34"N, 116°15'00"E, 18–24 Oct 2011, S. Gaimari, M. Hauser ( CSCA) ; 2Ƌ, same data except 18 Oct 2011 ( CSCA) ; 4Ƌ, 6♀, same data except 24 Oct 2011 ( CSCA) ; 1♂, same data, Crocker range, Kipandi Butterfly Park , 720 m (SDG11-15), 5°52'20"N, 116°14'53"E, 14–24 Oct 2011, Malaise, S. Gaimari, M. Hauser ( CSCA). Holotype deposited in the Bishop Museum, Honolulu . Paratypes in CSCA and BPBM.

Distribution. Malaysia ( Sarawak, Sabah).

Etymology. This species is named for the island of Borneo on which the type locality occurs.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 4. Male Strongylophthalmyia, habitus, left lateral. 1. S. borneensis, n. sp.; 2. S. palpalis Papp, holotype, photo: courtesy HNHM; 3. S. punctata Hennig, holotype. 4. S. thailandica, n. sp..

FIGURES 10 – 17. Male Strongylophthalmyia palpus, left lateral view. 10. S. albisternum, n. sp.; 11. S. borneensis, n. sp.; 12. S. caestus, n. sp.; 13. S. federeri, n. sp.; 14. S. hauseri, n. sp.; 15. S. nigripalpis, n. sp.; 16. S. punctata Hennig; 17. S. thailandica, n. sp..

FIGURES 18 – 25. Male Strongylophthalmyia, antennae. 18. S. borneensis, n. sp.; 19. S. caestus, n. sp.; 20. S. darlingi, n. sp. 21. S. federeri, n. sp.; 22. S. hauseri, n. sp.; 23. S. immaculata Hennig, arrow points to minute dorsal antennal process; 24. S. indochinensis, n. sp., arrow points to short dorsal antennal process; 25. S. inundans, n. sp.

FIGURES 46 – 49. Male Strongylophthalmyia, right wing, dorsal view. 46. S. borneensis, n. sp., Wing Interference Pattern (WIP); 47. S. borneensis, n. sp., normal view. 48. S. punctata Hennig, WIP; 49. S. punctata Hennig, normal view.

FIGURES 62 – 69. Male Strongylophthalmyia, fore femur, left lateral view. 62. S. albisternum, n. sp.; 63. S. borneensis, n. sp.; 64. S. hauseri, n. sp.; 65. S. immaculata Hennig, arrow points to tight thorn-like cluster of setae; 66. S. indochinensis, n. sp.; 67. S. inundans, n. sp.; 68. S. lowi, n. sp., arrow points to ventral cluster of setae; 69. S. malayensis, n. sp., arrow points to tight thorn-like cluster of setae.

FIGURES 87 – 90. Strongylophthalmyia male postabdominal structures, all same scale. 87 – 89. S. angustipennis Melander; 87. postabdomen, left lateral view; 88. epandrium and cerci, caudal view; 89. phallic complex, left lateral view; 90. S. borneensis, n. sp., phallic complex, left lateral view. Figs. 87 – 89 from Lonsdale (2013).