Notopterophorus Leuckart, 1859
publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.11646/megataxa.4.1.1 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6422204 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C487CB-EFD7-3AB2-FF4D-F8C3FD0EFAAC |
treatment provided by |
Plazi (2021-02-22 22:32:25, last updated by Guilherme 2025-02-11 15:48:13) |
scientific name |
Notopterophorus Leuckart, 1859 |
status |
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Genus Notopterophorus Leuckart, 1859 View in CoL
Diagnosis. Female body with large brood pouch, often extending from third pedigeroussomite backwards, incorporating fourth pedigerous somite and most of fifth. First to third or fourth pedigerous somites each typically with paired dorsal wing-like extensions; extensions often terminating in slender tapering process(es). Free urosome 5-segmented in female consisting of genital somite and 4 abdominal somites. Urosome 6-segmented in male. Anal somite often with processes. Caudal rami curved; armed with 4 claws and 2 setae. Rostrum welldeveloped. Female antennule 8- or 9-segmented, with first and second segments typically broader than distal segments: segmental fusion pattern I-II, III-XI, XII-XIV, XV-XVI, XVII-XX, XXI-XXIII, XXIV, XXV, XXVI-XXVIII; or with additional compound segment XII-XVI in 8-segmented species. Male antennule typically 9-segmented; non-geniculate. Antenna consistingof coxa, basis, and 2-segmented endopod or with allobasis incorporating first endopodal segment and 1-segmented free endopod; exopod reduced to seta or absent. Mandible with well developed coxal gnathobase and biramous palparmedwith 1 setaon basis, 5 setaeon exopod, and 4 and 10 setae on first and second endopodal segments, respectively (3 and 8 in N. glabrus sp. nov.). Maxillule with 10 setaeon arthrite, 1 on coxal endite, 2 on epipodite, and 3 on medial margin of basis; exopod unsegmented with 4 setae distally; endopod 2-segmented with variable setation on first and second segments; unsegmented in some species. Maxilla indistinctly 5-segmented, syncoxa enditic formula 4, 1, 2, 3, or reduced; basis with claw plus 2 setae, 3-segmented endopod with setal formula 1, 1, 3 or 4. Maxilliped 3-segmented and armed with 9 setae on first segment, 1 on second and 4 on third (rarely 3). Legs 1–4 biramous with 3-segmented exopods and 2-segmented endopods; first exopodal segment of legs 2–4 typically elongate; armature formula of female typically:
Leg 5 consistingof large protopod fused to somite and free exopodal segment armed with 2 elements.
Type species. Notopterophorus elongatus Buchholz, 1869 .
Remarks. Notopterophorus is a problem genus; indeed, itliesatthefocalpointof aclusterof nomenclatural and taxonomic problems. Firstly, as noted by many previous authors, Notopterophorus of Costa, 1840 is a nomen nudum. Sars (1921) attributed this genus to Costa (1852) as this publication included a plate of figures some of which clearly represented a Notopterophorus . Illg & Dudley (1965) considered this issue at some length and finally attributed the genus Notopterophorus to Leuckart (1859). This treatment was followed by Gotto (1993), for example, but has not been universally adopted. Secondly, species delimitation is an historic problem within the genus Notopterophorus . Illg & Dudley (1965) devoted considerable effort into the careful analysis of the nominal species and their diagnostic features in their study of the notodelphyids from the vicinity of Naples. They recognized five species as valid, providing redescriptions of three of them: N. elongatus Buchholz, 1869 , N. papilio Hesse, 1864 , and N. elatus Giesbrecht, 1882 , and treating two others as valid, N. auritus ( Thorell, 1859) and N. micropterus Sars G.O., 1921 . The painstaking study of Illg & Dudley (1965) also established numerous synonymies between early species records that were incompletely or inadequately described by Costa (1852), Hesse (1864, 1869), Buchholz (1869), Leuckart (1859), Aurivillius (1882), Kerschner (1879) and others. In his synoposis of the British fauna Gotto (1993) included four species, N. auritus , N. elatus , N. elongatus , and N. papilio . Currently five species are listed as valid in the World of Copepoda ( Walter & Boxshall, 2020): N. micropterus , N. auritus , N. elongatus , N. papilio and N. elatus —all widely recorded in European waters.
Various characters, including the positions of the 2 caudal setae, the setation of particular appendages, and even the relative lengths of setae and spines on these appendages, have been highlighted as useful in species discrimination. However, after careful comparison between the appendages of the described species, we have failed to find reliable differences between species. Our comparisons excluded N. cristatus Hesse, 1871 which is a species inquirendum. Some characters have been recognized as variable: for example, the endopod of the maxillule has been described as having either 6 or 7 setae. Sars (1921) figured the 7 (4+3) setae condition of the endopod in N. auritus , but only 6 setae were present in one of our examined specimens. Illg & Dudley (1965) reported that the setation could be either 6 or 7 in N. papilio and N. elongatus . In an individual of N. papilio we observed the 6 and 5 setae conditions on different sides of the body. Given our current inadequate state of knowledge concerning variability exhibited within this genus, we here treat this variability as infraspecific.
Aurivillius, C. W. S. (1882) Bidrag till kannedomen om Krustaceer, som lefva hos Mollusker och Tunikater. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens F orhandlingar, 8, 41 - 117, p 1 s. 13 - 16.
Buchholz, R. (1869) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der innerhalb der Ascidien lebenden parasitischen Crustaceen des Mittelmeeres. Zeitschrift f ̡ r wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 19, 99 - 155, pls. 5 - 11. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 53715
Costa, O. G. (1840) Catalogo dei Crostacei. In: Fauna del Regno di Napoli ossia enumerazione di tutti gli animali che abitano le diverse regioni di questo regno e le acque che le bagnano, contenente la descrizione de nuovi o poco esattamente conosciuti, con figure ricavate da originali viventi e dipinte al naturale. Napoli, Azzolino & Compagno, pp. 1 - 7.
Costa, O. G. (1852) Catalogo dei Crostacei. Entomostraca. In: Fauna del Regno di Napoli ossia enumerazione di tutti gli animali che abitano le diverse regioni di questo regno e le acque che le bagnano, contenente la descrizione de nuovi o poco esattamente conosciuti, con figure ricavate da originali viventi e dipinte al naturale. Napoli, Azzolino & Compagno, pls. 1 - 4.
Giesbrecht, W. (1882) BeitragezurKenntniseinigerNotodelphyiden. Mittheilungen aus der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, 3, 293 - 372, pls. 22 - 24.
Gotto, R. V. (1993) Commensal and Parasitic Copepods Associated with Marine Invertebrates (and Whales). In: Doris, M., Kermack, R. S., Barnes, K. & Crothers, J. H. (Eds.), Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 46. Published for The Linnean Society of London & The Estuarine and Coastal Sciences Association, pp. 1 - 264.
Hesse, E. (1864) Observations sur des Crustaces rares ou nouveaux des cotes de France. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie, 5 (1), 333 - 358, pls 11 - 12.
Hesse, E. (1869) Description d'un nouveau genre de Crustaces habitant les ascidies et de quelques especes du meme groupe. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie, 5 (11), 287 - 308.
Hesse, E. (1871) Observations sur les Crustaces rares ou nouveaux des cotes de France. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zoologie, 5, 15 (2), 1 - 50, pls 1 - 2.
Illg, P. L. & Dudley, P. L. (1965) Notodelphyid copepods from the vicinity of Naples. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli, 34, 373 - 451.
Kerschner, L. (1879) Uber zwei neue Notodelphyiden nebst Bemerkungen ʾ ber einige Organisationsverhaltnisse dieser Familie. Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 41 L, 155 - 196, pls. 1 - 6.
Leuckart, R. (1859) Carcinologisches. Archiv f ̡ r Naturgeschichte, 25 (1), 232 - 266, pls 6 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7027
Sars, G. O. (1921) An account of the Crustacea of Norway with short descriptions and figures of all the species, Vol. 8. Copepoda. Monstrilloida and Notodelphyoida, Bergen, pp. 1 - 91, pls. 1 - 37.
Thorell, T. (1859) Bidrag til Kannedomen om Krustaceer som lefva i arter af Slagtet Ascidia L. Kongliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar, 3 (8), 1 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58671
Walter, T. C. & Boxshall, G. (2020) World of Copepods database. Notodelphyidae Dana, 1853. Available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / aphia. php? p = taxdetails & id = 106421 (accessed 18 February 2020)
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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