Zeugophora unifasciata ( Jacoby, 1885 )

Takemoto, Takuya, 2019, Revision of the genus Zeugophora (Coleoptera, Megalopodidae, Zeugophorinae) in Japan, Zootaxa 4644 (1), pp. 1-62 : 20-24

Zeugophora unifasciata ( Jacoby, 1885)

[Japanese name: Obimon-momobuto-hamushi]

( Figs 2 G–I; 12–16)

Pedrillia unifasciata Jacoby, 1885: 197 [type locality: Nikkô]; Chûjô, 1932: 339–340 [Honshu]; Gressitt, 1945: 140; Jolivet, 1957: 14 [listed].

Zeugophora (Pedrillia) unifasciata: Crowson, 1946: 95 [ Japan]; Chûjô & Kimoto, 1961: 119 [ Japan]; Kimoto, 1964: 109–110 [ Japan]; Kimoto &Takizawa, 1994: 99, 267 [Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu]; Silfverberg, 2010: 335 [listed].

Zeugophora unifasciata: Gressitt, 1945: 140 [listed]; Takizawa, 2006: 3 [listed]; Rodríguez-Mirón, 2018: 295 [listed].

Description. Measurement. Body length: PEL, male, 2.93–3.34 mm, female, 2.86–3.70 mm. Width: EW, male, 1.34–1.63 mm, female, 1.34–1.68 mm. Biometric data are given in Table 3.

Coloration. Body fulvous. Head fulvous but dorsally blackened. Apex of mandible black. Antennae fulvous except first and second segments which are darkened. Color pattern of pronotum various: furnished with four black longitudinal stripes ( Fig.12A ) which connect anteriorly in some cases ( Fig. 12B, C ). Scutellum fulvous or in some cases black. Elytra black but edge of humerus fulvous, posterior third of elytra with ( Fig. 12D,E ) or without (fig. 12F) a transverse fulvous line; in some cases, posterior area with two fulvous spots ( Fig. 12E ). Ventral surface of thorax black except anterior edge of mesoventrite and posterior half of mesepisternum. Central portion of abdominal sternites black. Fore and middle femora each with a black band, though band on fore femora present only on dorsal side. Dorsal surface of hind femora black on basal fourth and apical half. Fore tibiae darkened on apical fourth. Middle tibiae black on apical third. Hind tibiae black on about apical half. Fore tarsi darkened. Middle and hind tarsi black.

Habitus. Body oblong.

Head ( Fig. 14A ) with reticulate coriaceous microsculpture, covered with sparse setiferous punctures except on central portion of vertex; setae produced from inside punctures ( Fig. 15A ); frontoclypeal suture bisinuate, middle portion narrow, about one third or more width of clypeus; labrum and clypeus convex and furnished with setae; length of clypeus longer than that of labrum. Canthus large, acutely triangular but apex rounded. Apex of mandible bifurcate and furnished with three teeth apically on inner margin; lateral angles furnished with setae ( Fig. 13D ). Antenna long; segments short, except for first, third and fourth which are long and slender; eleventh segment pointed; all segments setous, fifth through eleventh with shorter, denser setae ( Fig. 13C ).

Pronotum ( Fig. 13A , 14B ) with blunt lateral tubercles, strongly tapered towards base; groove of anterior margin distinctly impressed a narrow distance from margin; posterior marginal groove undulate and complete; lateral basal angles swollen and with two to five long setae near base; surface regularly convex and with reticulate coriaceous microsculpture, densely covered with setiferous punctures ( Fig. 15B ); distance between punctures in central portion 0.5–1 times their own diameter. Setae produced from inside punctures ( Fig. 15B ).

Elytra short, leaving apex of pygidium exposed, moderately vaulted in lateral view; lateral side subparallel; dorsal surface with reticulate coriaceous microsculpture ( Fig. 15D ), irregularly covered with dense setiferous punctures, setae blackish except on fulvous portion, punctures as coarse as on pronotum and separated by 0.5–1 times their diameter; setae located just anterior to puncture ( Fig. 15D ); sutural and lateral grooves from elytral base to apex complete; basal areas of elytra weakly convex on either side of suture; posterior half of suture densely furnished with setae; humerus strongly protruding anteriorly; epipleuron narrow. Scutellum trapezoidal, with dense setae.

Disc of mesoventrite furnished with a few setae, without punctation; process densely furnished with setiferous punctures ( Fig. 13B , 14C ). Mesepisternum furnished with setiferous punctures ( Fig. 13B , 14C ). Surface of metaventrite with reticulate coriaceous microsculpture ( Fig. 15C ), central and lateral areas and posterior margin of mid coxal insertions punctate, punctures denser in lateral areas. Setae produced from inside punctures ( Fig. 15C ). Surface of sternites with reticulate coriaceous microsculpture, sparsely covered with setiferous punctures. In male, 7th sternite tectiform ( Fig. 14D, F ) with posterior margin evenly curved ( Fig. 14D, F ). In female, posterior margin of 7th sternite straight, but bisinuate on central portion ( Fig. 14E, G ).

Legs robust; densely furnished with setae; tibial setae becoming longer and denser apically. Hind femora thickened. Fore tibiae straight; mid tibiae bowed on apical half; hind tibiae weakly bowed and feebly widened near apex; mid and hind tibiae with sharply defined and finely crenulate carina along external face. Apex of protibia with one spur; apices of meso- and metatibiae with two spurs. Tarsi distinctly shorter than tibiae, basal three segments gradually widened apically.

Male genitalia as shown in Fig. 16 A–F: 8th sternite furnished with setae, cylindrical, membrane long, allowing for posterior horizontal extension ( Fig. 16E, F ); spiculum fan-shaped ( Fig. 16D ); median struts of median lobe approximately 4.0 times as long as median lobe ( Fig. 16A ); apex of median lobe pointed, shape in dorsal view oval ( Fig. 16B ); paramere not developed ( Fig. 16C ).

Spermatheca as shown in Fig. 16G .

Host plant. Euonymus sieboldianus Blume [Japanese name: Mayumi] ( Takizawa, 2006).

Remarks. Abdominal apices are tectiform in males of Z. unifasciata ( Fig. 14D, F ), this structure is also present in males of Z. longicornis Westwood, 1864 . There are reports that this species assumes a strange posture in which it raises one side of its body and stands on its lateral side ( Nakamura, 2015; Takemoto & Satô, personal com.). The purpose of this behavior is unknown.

Types. Paratype 1 ex., sex unknown ( TARI): " Pedrillia unifasciata, No.1555 ", " NIKKO, JAPAN, 3.VI.1881, Col. G. Lewis ", "Co Type", " Pedrillia unifasciata JACOBY , DET. M. CHUJO ", " Pedrillia unifasciata Jac. Det. T. Shiraki " .

Specimens examined. Japan. [Honshu] Tochigi Pref.: 1 ex., Nasu, Goyôtei, 16.V.2005, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC); 2 exs., same data but different date, 19–20.V.2005 ( HTPC); 1 ex., Nasu, Ôshima, 18.VI.2005, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC); 1 ex., Kuriyama, Yunishikawa, 12–15.VII.2005, K. Okada leg. ( HTPC); 1 ex., Yaita, Nagai, 11.X.2006, S. Maehara leg. ( TTPC). Gunma Pref.: 1 ex., Naganozyô, Kawafuru-onsen, 5.VIII.1999, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC); 2 exs., Yamanakako, Mt. Ôhira-yama , 4.IX.2006, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC); 3 exs., Onogami, Mt. Zyûniga-take , 17.VII.2011, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC). Tokyo Pref.: 1 ex., Hachiôji, Uratakao, Kobotoke-tôge, 25.VII.2018, T. Takemoto leg. ( TTPC), 1 ex., same data but different date and collector, 17.VIII.2018, F. Satô leg. ( TTPC). Kanagawa Pref.: 2 exs., Sôunzan, 28.VI.1987, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC); 2 exs., Hakone, Mt. Myôjin-dake , 1.VIII.2004, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC); 1 ex., Hakone, Mt. Myôzyôgatake , 20.VIII.2006, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC). Yamanashi Pref.: 1 ex., Kitakoma, Asiyasu, Araisawa, 14.VI.1955, Y. Kurosawa leg. ( NSMT); 1 ex., Kiyosato, 14.IX.1980, S. Tsuyuki leg. Nagano Pref.: 1 ex., Kirigamine , 1–2.VI.1974, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC); 1 ex., Kurohime, Torîgawa, 5–6.X.1999, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC); 1 ex., Shimosuwa, Hagikura, 20.VI.2017, H. Takizawa leg. ( HTPC). Hiroshima Pref.: 2 exs., Zinsekikôgen, Nagano, 24.VI.2013, M. Akiyama leg. ( HSPC). Okayama Pref.: 1 ex., Hiruzenkôgen, 1–3.VII.1988, A. Nishiyama and S. Zenda leg. ( HTPC). Hiroshima Pref.: 2 exs., Kamiishiharakôgen, 24.VI.2013, Y.Akiyama leg. ( HSPC). [Kyushu] Ôita Pref.: 1 ex., Yufu, Shônai, Asono, 2.IX.2018, R. Itô leg. ( TTPC) .

Distribution. Japan: Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Habitus of Zeugophora spp. A. Z. annulata, male, dorsal view; B. Ditto, ventral view; C. Ditto, lateral view; D. Z. nigricollis, male, dorsal view; E. Ditto, ventral view; F. Ditto, lateral view; G. Z. unifasciata, female, dorsal view; H. Ditto, ventral view; I. Ditto lateral view.

FIGURE 12. Color pattern of Zeugophora unifasciata (Jacoby, 1885). A–C. Pronotum; D–F. Elytra.

FIGURE 13. Zeugophora unifasciata (Jacoby, 1885). A. Pronotum, dorsal view; B. Thorax, ventral view; C. Antenna; D. Mandible, left part. Scales. A–C. 1 mm; D. 100μm.

FIGURE 14. Zeugophora unifasciata (Jacoby, 1885). A. Head; B. Pronotum, dorsal view; C. Thorax, ventral view; D. Male posterior margin of 7th sternite; E. Female posterior margin of 7th sternite; F. Male posterior margin of 7th sternite late, oblique view; G. Female posterior margin of 7th sternite, oblique view.

FIGURE 15. Setiferous punctures of Zeugophora unifasciata (Jacoby, 1885). A. Head surface; B. Pronotum; C. Metaventrite; D. Elytron.

FIGURE 16. Zeugophora unifasciata (Jacoby, 1885). A. Median lobe lateral view; B. Apex of median lobe, dorsal view; C. Tegmen, dorsal view; D. Spiculum; E. 8th sternite, ventral view; F. 8th sternite, dorsal view; G. Spermatheca. Scales. A–F. 200μm; D. 500μm.