Galleria mellonella (Buyukguzel and Kayaoglu, 2014)

Çelik, Cihat, Stanley B, David W. & B, Ender Büyükgüzel, 2023, Genotoxic effects of oxyclozanide on hemocytes of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae, Turkish Journal of Zoology 47 (3), pp. 147-154 : 148

2.1. G. mellonella culture

Stock culture great wax moth G. mellonella L. ( Lepidoptera : Pyralidae ) was maintained by feeding newly hatched larvae on an artificial diet under laboratory conditions in an incubator (Nüve, FN 400) at 28 ± 2 °C, 65% ± 5% relative humidity, and continuous darkness. The artificial diet was composed of 420 g of bran, 150 mL of filtered honey, 150 mL of glycerol, 20 g of ground old dark honeycomb, and 30 mL of distilled water (Bronskil, 1961).

2.2. Feeding experiments

Oxyclozanide was purchased from Xi’an Quanao Biotech Co., Ltd. ( Xian , Shaanxi, China). Oxyclozanide (2,3,5-trichloro-N-(3,5-dichloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-6- hydroxybenzamide, powder, 99%, 401.46 g /mol) was directly incorporated into the diet as g of 100 g of diet (%). The oxyclozanide concentrations used in the present study were based on our previous study investigating the effects of oxyclozanide on the survival, development, and total protein of G. mellonella ( Çelik et al., 2019) . Four different concentrations, namely 0.003%, 0.03%, 0.3%, and 1.5% were tested. An artificial diet without oxyclozanide was used as the control group. First instar larvae were reared on artificial diets containing oxyclozanide concentrations to last instar larvae (7th) for comet assays. The experiments were performed in four replicates with five larvae for each replicate .