PYROLACEAE

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1972, Flora Europaea. Volume 3. Diapensiacea to Myoporaceae, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press : 3

CXXXI. PYROLACEAE 3

Small perennial herbs (rarely dwarf shrubs). Leaves simple, alternate or opposite. Flowers hermaphrodite, actinomorphic, (4-)5-merous. Sepals free or united at base. Petals free. Stamens twice as many as petals, obdiplostemonous. Stigma (4-)5-lobed. Ovary superior, 4- to 5-locular, with parietal placentae; fruit a loculicidal capsule; seeds numerous, small, with the testa prolonged into two appendages.

Literature: H. Andres, Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 56::

-76 (1914). 1 All leaves scale-like, without chlorophyll 5. Monotropa 1 Green leaves present 2 Leavesmostlycauline; flowers in corymbs or umbels

. 4 Chimaphila 2 Leavesmostlybasal; flowers solitary or in racemes 3 Flowers solitary 3. Moneses 3 Flowersinracemes 4 Racemes secund;pollen-grainsfree 2. Orthilia 4 Racemes not secund;pollen-grainsintetrads 1. Pyrola