Pedicularis L.
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.305475 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C287E6-FEAE-543B-E77D-66F2FA1D1348 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Pedicularis L. |
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34. Pedicularis L. 2
Perennial (rarely annual or biennial), hemiparasitic herbs. Leaves usually alternate (rarely opposite or whorled), usually pinnatisect, the lower usually long-petiolate, the upper often subsessile. Flowers in terminal, bracteate spikes or racemes. Calyx tubular to campanulate, 5-toothed, often more or less 2-lipped. Corolla with cylindrical to obconical tube; limb 2-lipped, the upper lip galeate, laterally compressed, the lower 3-lobed, usually patent. Stamens 4, didynamous; anthers glabrous, the lobes equally mucronate at the base. Stigma capitate. Capsule not or moderately compressed, loculicidal; seeds numerous.
The descriptions of the leaves apply to those of the basal rosette; in most species the cauline leaves are smaller, less deeply divided, and with petiole shorter or absent.
Within the genus all intermediate states exist between virtually sessile flowers and those in which the pedicel is longer than the calyx. In this account spike is used to denote an inflorescence in which most of the pedicels are less than 2 mm.
Literature: G. Bonati, Le genre Pedicularis . Nancy. 1918. I. Klâsterskÿ, Bull. Int. Acad. Tchèque Sci. 29: 202-230 (1928).
W. Limpricht, Feddes Reperì. 20: 161-265 (1924). H. Steininger, Bot. Centr. 28 (1886); 29 (1887); 30 (1887). 1Corollawithobconical-campanulate tubeandconniventlips, the lower yellow, bordered with red; capsule globose 2. sceptrum-carolinum 1 Corolla with ± cylindrical tube and patent, ±concolorous lower lip; capsule ± ovoid, somewhat compressed laterally 2 Upper lip of corolla truncate or rounded, neither beaked nor toothed (rarely with 2 very small teeth directed upwards) 3 Acaulescent;flowersarising directlyfromtheleaf-rosette; pedicels 10-30 mm 1. acaulis 3 Caulescent;flowersin spikesor racemes;pedicelslessthan 10 mm 4 Upper cauline leaves and bracts in whorls of 3-4 5 Calyx-teeth entire; calyx-tube glabrous except for long hairs on the veins 15. verticillata 5 Calyx-teeth serrate 6 Calyx glabrous; lower lip of corolla longer than the upper 16. amoena 6 Calyx villous; lower lip of corolla shorter than or equalling the upper 17. arguteserrata 4 Cauline leaves and bracts alternate 7 Corolla entirely yellow 8 Calyx split to half-way on lower side; teeth very short 9 Calyx pubescent to villous; corolla-tube hairy inside; bracts hairy beneath 5. hacquetii 9 Calyx glabrous, or with a few hairs on the veins; corolla-tube glabrous inside; bracts glabrous 6. exaitata 8 Calyx not split on lower side; teeth conspicuous 10 Upper lip of corolla arachnoid-villous; capsule slightly exceeding the calyx 3. foliosa 10 Upper lip of corolla glabrous or pubescent; capsule nearly twice as long as calyx 11 Bracts exceeding the flowers; corolla up to 25 mm 4. hoermanniana 11 Bracts shorter than the flowers; corolla not more than 15 mm 7. recutita 7 Corolla red or pink, at least in part 12 Corolla mainly yellow, but with upper lip tinged with red 13 Stem usually more than 20 cm; leaves 25-30 mm wide 7. recutita 13 Stem usually less than 20 cm; leaves 8-12 mm wide 14 Corolla 12-20 mm; calyx hairy; capsule c. 1 j times as long as calyx 13. oederi 14 Corolla 10-12 mm; calyx glabrous; capsule at least twice as long as calyx 14. flammea 12 Corolla entirely red or pink 15 Calyx ± glabrous; pedicels thickened distally 8. limnogena 15 Calyx hairy; pedicels not thickened distally 16 Leaves deeply pinnatisect, with narrow rhachis 17 Leaves pinnatifid, with acute segments; calyx-teeth entire 9. rosea 17 Leaves 2-pinnatisect, with obtuse segments; calyx-teeth serrate 10. orthantha 16 Leaves pinnatifid or pectinate, with wide rhachis 18 Corolla 17-20 mm, hairy; calyx-teeth entire 11. dasyantha 18 Corolla 10-15 mm, glabrous; calyx-teeth serrate to incise-dentate 12. hirsuta 2 Upper lip of corolla terminating in a beak, or in 2 teeth directed forwards or downwards 19 Beak of corolla very short, sometimes ± obsolete, bidentate at apex 20 Lateral flowering branches present; plant usually annual or biennial 21 Corolla yellow, the upper lip becoming tinged with violet after anthesis 19. labradorica 21 Corolla pink or red 22 Calyx not 2-lipped; lateral margins of upper lip of corolla entire 20. sylvatica 22 Calyx 2-lipped; upper lip of corolla with a small tooth on each side some distance below the apex 18. palustris
20 Lateral flowering branches absent; plant perennial 23 Corolla pink, red or purple 24 Calyx-teeth wider than long, obtuse 26. asparagoides
24 Calyx-teeth longer than wide, acute
25 Calyx-teeth toothed or crenate 21. sudetica
25 Calyx-teeth entire
26 Stem 2-5(-8) cm; bracts glabrous 36. ferdinandi
26 Stem 7-30 cm; bracts whitish-lanate
27 Leaf-segments obtuse; bracts entire; filaments glabrous 32. dasystachys
27 Leaf-segments apiculate; bracts serrate to pinnatisect; filaments ± hairy 35. petiolaris
23 Corollayellowish 28 Calyxspliton lowerside,thetwo lateralteethon each side + united 29. heterodonta
28 Calyx with(4 -)5distinctteeth,notspliton lowerside
29 Calyx-teeth wider than long, usually obtuse
30 Calyx-teeth crenate 27. schizocalyx
30 Calyx-teeth entire
31 All bracts pinnatisect, similar to the leaves
23. kaufmannii
31 Upper bracts 3-fid or dentate, not pinnatisect
32 Inflorescence ± glabrous 22. comosa
32 Inflorescence densely hairy
33 Capsule 16-18 mm, ± obtuse; lower lip of corolla usually glabrous 24. sibthorpii
33 Capsule 9-12 mm, apiculate; lower lip of corolla ciliate 25. uralensis
29 Calyx-teeth at least as long as wide, acute
34 Calyx-teeth about as long as wide 28. brachyodonta
34 Calyx-teeth 2-3 times as long as wide
35 Inflorescence sparsely hirsute; calyx-teeth linear-spathulate, toothed near the apex only 30. leucodon
35 Inflorescence lanate or villous; calyx-teeth lanceolate, with margin uniformly serrate, crenate or entire
36 Calyx glandular-villous 33. graeca
36 Calyx eglandular-hairy
37 Stem arachnoid-lanate; upper bracts 3-lobed
31. physocalyx
37 Stem subglabrous below; upper bracts entire
19 Beak of corolla conspicuous, not bidentate at apex 38 Corolla yellow or cream-coloured 39 Calyx-teethfoliose,toothed or lobed 40 Stem uniformly lanate; calyx-teeth glabrous on margin and inner surface 39. tuberosa
40 Stemwith2 rowsof hairs;calyx-teethpubescenton margin and inner surface
41 Bracts ciliate but otherwise glabrous; calyx-tube glabrous 40. elongata
41 Bracts and calyx-tube densely villous 41. julica
39 Calyx-teeth entire or obscurely serrate, not foliose 42 Calyx deeply split on lower side; leaves pinnatifid 38. lapponica
42 Calyx notsplitonlowerside;leavespinnatisect
43 Calyx-teeth wider than long, obtuse 37. compacta
43 Calyx-teeth at least as long as wide, acute
44 Bracts ±glabrous, with entire segments; calyx-tube glabrous 42. ascendens
44 Bracts hairy, with serrate segments; calyx-tube villous
43. baumgartenii
38 Corolla red, pink or purple 45 Corolla-tube at least 1 £ times as long as calyx 46 Leaves crenate-serrate, not lobed; calyx strongly 2-lipped 54. resupinata
46 Leavespinnatifidorpinnatisect; calyx± regularly toothed, not 2-lipped
47 Flowers subsessile; calyx densely lanate 50. gyroflexa
47 Flowers distinctly pedicellate; calyx glabrous or slightly pubescent
48 Stem decumbent; calyx-teeth nearly as long as tube; corolla not more than 21 mm 51. elegans
48 Stem erect; calyx-teeth about half as long as tube; corolla up to 25(-30) mm 52. portenschlagii
45 Corolla-tube equalling or slightly exceeding calyx
49 Flowers distinctly pedicellate
50 Lower lip of corolla ciliate, at least at anthesis 45. rostratocapitata
50 Lower lip of corolla glabrous
51 Stems procumbent to ascending; calyx glabrous or pubescent 46. kerneri
51 Stems erect; calyx villous-lanate with reddish hairs 53. asplenifolia
49 Flowers subsessile
52 Calyx glabrous; inflorescence capitate 47. pyrenaica
52 Calyx hairy; inflorescence ±elongate
53 Petioles of basal leaves villous; cauline leaves 0-2 49. cenisia
53 All petioles glabrous; cauline leaves usually 3 or more
54 Bracts 3-lobed; calyx-teeth not foliose; corolla not more than 13 mm 44. rostratospicata
54 Bracts pinnatifid; some of the calyx-teeth foliose; corolla up to 18 mm 48. mixta
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