Philonthus linkei, Bernhauer, 1915

Herman, Taphylininae Iochini Aorothiini Thiini Latyprosopini Taphylinini Mblyopinina Nisolinina Yptiomina Hilonthina Lee H., 2001, Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the End of the Second Millennium. V. Staphylinine Group (Part 2) Staphylininae: Diochini, Maorothiini, Othiini, Platyprosopini, Staphylinini (Amblyopinina, Anisolinina, Hyptiomina, Philonthina), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2001 (265), pp. 2441-3020 : 2441-3020

linkei Bernhauer, 1915 , see: subuliformis Stephens, 1833 .

loeffleri Scheerpeltz, 1976a: 124 ( Othius ; Type locality: Nepal: Beding , Rolwaling, 3940 m).

— Coiffait, 1981d: 323 ( Othius ; Nepal).

— Assing, 1998: 336 ( Othius ; not examined; notes).

— Assing, 1999c: 680 ( Othius ; characters of holotype; holotype male, not female; notes; Nepal). - DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

nepalensis Scheerpeltz, 1976: 32 ( Othiogeiton ; Type locality: Nepal: Unterhalb Almsiedlung Taboche , ca. 4500 m [Note: This is the only locality cited for the species, but the allotype is the holotype since no other specimens were mentioned; see Assing, 1998: 325, 326]).

— Assing, 1998: 325 ( Othius ; characters; Nepal).

— Assing, 1999c: 680, 684 ( Othius ; synonym of loeffleri ; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1998, by factor of 2.02).

longicornis Thomson, 1871 , see: lapidicola Märkel and Kiesenwetter, 1848 .

longicuneatus Assing, 1998: 323 ( Othius ; Type locality: Gorkha Dist., Darondi Khola bis oberhalb Barpak, 3600–3450 [sic] m).

— Assing, 1999c: 684 ( Othius ; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1998, by factor of 2.02).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

lubricus Assing, 1999: 41 ( Othius ; Type locality: China: Yunnan, Kunming, Western Hills , 1800 m, 25°04′ N, 102°41′ E).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

maculativentris Zheng, 1995: 344 , 346 ( Othius ; Type locality: Sichuan: Wolong , 1920–

2400 m).

— Assing, 1999: 38 ( Othius ; characters; China).

— Assing, 1999c: 683 ( Othius ; Sichuan).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

medius Sharp, 1874: 50 ( Othius ; Type locality: Japan; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1999]. Originally cited from Hiogo; Nagasaki).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Nakane, 1963a: 90 ( Othiellus ; characters; habitus photograph; Japan).

— Yuh, Paik, Kwon, and Lee, 1985: 239 ( Othius ; Korea).

— Hasegawa and Kanie, 1992: 20 ( Othius ; seashore collection; Japan).

— Ito, 1993a: 146 ( Othius ; characters; Japan).

— J. Li, 1993: 33 ( Othius ; China).

— Watanabe, 1995d: 256 ( Othius ; Okushiri-tô Island).

— Watanabe, 1996a: 12 ( Othius ; mine collection; Japan).

— Assing, 1999: 7 ( Othius ; lectotype designation: Japan; characters; discussions; Japan; China; South Korea) .

— Assing, 1999c: 682 ( Othius ; characters; Japan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Korea, China.

kusuii Ito, 1993a: 147 ( Othius ; subspecies of medius ; Type locality: Japan: Hokkaido: Tamaura, Okushiri Is.).

— Assing, 1999: 7 ( Othius ; synonym of medius ).

yakushimanus Ito, 1993a: 148 ( Othius ; subspecies of medius ; Type locality: Japan: Kagoshima Pref.: Miyanoura, Yakushima Is.).

— Assing, 1999: 7 ( Othius ; synonym of medius ).

melanocephalus Gravenhorst, 1806 , see: angustus Stephens, 1833 .

microphallus Assing, 1998a: 217 ( Othius ; Type locality: Teneriffa, Pico del Ingles).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands.

microphtalmus Coiffait, 1954: 169 ( Othius ; Type locality: Bosque del Cedro , île de Gomera, Canaries).

— Coiffait, 1956a: 42 ( Othius ; characters in key).

— Coiffait, 1972: 358 ( Othius ; characters; references; Canary Islands).

— Palm, 1976: 214 ( Othius ; characters; Canary Islands).

— Assing, 1997a: 105, 113 ( Othius ; characters; notes; Canary Islands).

— Assing, 1998a: 216 ( Othius ; Canary Islands).

— Assing, 1999a: 346 ( Othius ; Canary Islands).

— Assing, 1999c: 669 ( Othius ; Canary Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands.

monticola Cameron, 1943: 128 ( Othius ; Type locality: Darjeeling: Ghum district: Tiger Hill, altitude 8500– 10,000 feet).

— Assing, 1998: 305 ( Othius ; characters; India).

— Assing, 1999c: 684 ( Othius ; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1998, by factor of 2.02).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

myrmecophilus Kiesenwetter, 1843 , see: subuliformis Stephens, 1833 .

neglectus Palm, 1976: 212 ( Othius ; Type locality: Gran Canaria: Teror, 450 m).

— Assing, 1997a: 106, 113 ( Othius ; characters; notes; Canary Islands).

— Assing, 1998a: 216 ( Othius ; characters; Canary Islands).

— Assing, 1999c: 669 ( Othius ; Canary Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands.

nepalensis Scheerpeltz, 1976 , see: loeffleri Scheerpeltz, 1976 .

obscurus Stephens, 1833 , see: Gyrohypnus .

opacipennis Cameron, 1939c: 162 ( Othius ; Type locality: Yannanfou).

— Assing, 1999: 50 ( Othius ; characters; China).

— Assing, 1999c: 683 ( Othius ; characters; Sichuan).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

ozakii Ito, 1993 , see: latus Sharp, 1874 .

pallidus Brancsik, 1874 , see: crassus Motschulsky, 1858 .

palmaensis Assing, 1997a: 110 ( Othius ; Type locality: Isl. Can., La Palma, Cumbre Nueva, O-Seite, Fayal-Brezal, 1320 m).

— Assing and Wunderle, 1999: 435 ( Othius ; collecting notes; Canary Islands).

— Assing, 1999c: 679 ( Othius ; collecting notes; Canary Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands.

paralleliceps Quedenfeldt, 1882: 183 ( Othius ; Type locality: Hispania mer.: Algeciras in Andalusia ; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1997]. Also cited from Marocco: Tetuan).

— Quedenfeldt, 1884: 375 ( Othius ; characters; Spain; Morocco).

— Fauvel, 1886: 47 [= 1886a: 39] ( Othius ; notes; Morocco; Spain).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 99 ( Othius ; Morocco).

— Reitter, 1908: 105 ( Othius ; characters; Andalusia).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1323 ( Othius ; catalog).

— C. Koch, 1941: 61 ( Othius ; Morocco).

— Coiffait, 1972: 342 ( Othius ; characters; references; Morocco; Spain).

— Assing, 1997: 53 ( Othius ; lectotype designation: Algeciras ; characters; notes; Morocco; Gibraltar) .

— Assing, 1999c: 672 ( Othius ; notes; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1997, by factor of 2.02; Morocco).

- DISTRIBUTION: Morocco, Spain.

xantholinoides Fairmaire, 1883 : cviii ( Othius ; Type locality: Tetuan, Maroc; [Note: See piceus Scriba, 1870: 82 ( Othius ; Type locality: Sierra de la Nieve bei Ronda; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1997]).

— Fauvel, 1873b: 83 [= 1873a: 369] ( Othius ; synonym of lapidicola ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 471 ( Othius ; synonym of lapidicola ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 ( Othius ; synonym of lapidicola ).

— Smetana, 1958: 127 ( Othius ; synonym of lapidicola ).

— Coiffait, 1972: 347 ( Othius ; may be the same as pilifer ).

— Assing, 1997: 20 ( Othius ; lectotype designation; valid species; characters; notes; Portugal; Spain; Morocco; Algeria) .

— Assing, 1999c: 665 ( Othius ; Spain; Morocco).

- DISTRIBUTION: Portugal, Spain, Morocco, Algeria.

pilifer Quedenfeldt, 1882: 182 ( Othius ; Type locality: Marocco: Tetuan ).

— Quedenfeldt, 1884: 375 ( Othius ; characters; Morocco).

— Fauvel, 1886: 48 [= 1886a: 40] ( Othius ; Morocco; Algeria).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 99 ( Othius ; Morocco; Algeria).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1323 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1956a: 40 ( Othius ; characters in key; North Africa; Spain).

— Coiffait, 1972: 345 ( Othius ; characters; references; North Africa; Spain).

— Coiffait, 1972: 347 ( Othius ; may be synonym of piceus ).

— Coiffait, 1973a: 273 ( Othius ; Morocco).

— Frank, 1982: 32 ( Othius ; list of parasites).

— Assing, 1997: 20 ( Othius ; synonym of piceus ).

reitteri Fuente, 1898: 83 ( Othius ; Type locality: Pozuelo, Ciudad Real, Espagne; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1997]. Originally cited from Pozuelo de Calatrava ).

— Reitter, 1908: 106 ( Othius ; characters; Spain).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 319 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1323 ( Othius ; catalog).

— C. Koch, 1941: 61 ( Othius ; Morocco).

— Coiffait, 1972: 356 ( Othius ; characters; references; Portugal; France; Spain).

— Assing, 1997: 20 ( Othius ; lectotype designation: Pozuelo, Ciudad Real, Espagne; synonym of piceus ).

laufferi Bernhauer, 1909b: 199 ( Othius ; Type locality: Spanien, Prov. Madrid).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 ( Othius ; cited as lauferi; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1322 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1972: 345 ( Othius ; characters; Spain; France).

— Assing, 1997: 20 ( Othius ; synonym of piceus ).

pilifer Quedenfeldt, 1882 , see: piceus Scriba, 1870 .

pokharensis Coiffait, 1983d: 163 ( Othius ; Type locality: Nepal: Dhumpus Kara, environs de Pokhara).

— Assing, 1998: 298 ( Othius ; characters; Nepal; Sikkim; India).

— Assing, 1999c: 684 ( Othius ; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1998, by factor of 2.02).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal, India.

ponticus Coiffait, 1978d: 167 ( Othius ; subspecies of transsilvanicus , cited as transylvanicus; Type locality: Col de Ciftecoprüler, 1000 m).

— Assing, 1997: 92 ( Othius ; valid species; characters; notes; Turkey).

— Assing and Solodovnikov, 1998: 305 ( Othius ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Turkey.

praecisus Assing, 1999: 76 ( Othius ; Type locality: Taiwan: Kaohsiung Hsien, Peinantashan trail, 2500 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan. — Coiffait, 1973a: 273 ( Othius ; Morocco).

— Pope, 1977: 28 ( Othius ; Britain).

— Coiffait, 1978d: 163 ( Othius ; Turkey).

— Topp, 1979: 23 ( Othius ; development; diapause).

— Smetana, 1979: 51 (requested that International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature place punctulatus on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology).

— Outerelo, 1980a: 57 ( Othius ; Spain).

— Bordoni, 1982: 389 ( Othius ; characters; Italy).

— Frank, 1982: 32 ( Othius ; list of parasites).

— ICZN, 1983: 85 ( Othius ; placed on Official List of Species Names in Zoology and fixed as the type species of Othius ).

— Ádám, 1987: 148 ( Othiellus ; collecting notes; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 103 ( Othius ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Tóth, 1989: 34 ( Othius ; characters; Hungary).

— Nowosad, 1990: 99 ( Othius ; collected from mole nest; notes; Poland).

— Assing, 1993: 35 ( Othius ; bionomics; Germany).

— Ciceroni, 1993: 76 ( Othius ; Italy).

— Welch, 1993: 228 ( Othius ; ovariole number and ovary structure).

— J. Li, 1993: 33 ( Othius ; China).

— Janák, 1993a: 47 ( Othius ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Othius ; Italy).

— Assing, 1997: 46 ( Othius ; characters; notes; Sweden; Denmark; Great Britain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Canary Islands; Portugal; Spain; France; Germany; Switzerland; Austria; Italy; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Croatia; Bosnia-Herzegovina; Macedonia; Bulgaria; Romania; Greece; Turkey; Russia; Georgia; Armenia; Ukraine).

— Owen, 1999b: 61 ( Othius ; captured underground at roots of old trees; Britain).

— Assing and Wunderle, 1999: 437 ( Othius ; Canary Islands).

— Assing and Schülke, 1999: 8 ( Othius ; characters).

— Assing, 1999c: 670 ( Othius ; notes; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1997, by factor of 2.02; Morocco; Algeria; Spain; Canary Islands; France; Austria; Italy; Poland; Slovenia; Croatia; Greece; Anatolia; Moldavia; Ukraine; Kazakhstan).

— Owen, 2000: 251 ( Othius ; pitfall trap collections from underground at roots of trees; Britain).

— Assing, 2001: 75 ( Othius ; collected from xerothermous site; Germany).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tunisia, Algeria, Canary Islands, Europe, Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Turkey, Kazakhstan.

fulvopterus Geoffroy, 1785: 167 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Paris).

— Villers, 1789: 421 ( Staphylinus ; characters; France).

— Gravenhorst, 1802: 33 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of nitidus Fabricius ).

— Erichson, 1839b: 295 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 655 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 469 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Reitter, 1908: 105 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 124 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Coiffait, 1972: 340 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Bordoni, 1982: 389 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Assing, 1997: 46 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

fulvipennis Fabricius, 1793: 537 ( Paederus ; Type locality: Kiliae).

— Panzer, 1795: 362 ( Paederus ; characters; Germany).

— Turton, 1802: ( Staphylinus ; characters;).

— Gravenhorst, 1806: 106 ( Staphylinus ; synonym of fulminans Gravenhorst ).

— Panzer, 1808: 24 ( Staphylinus ; characters; illustrations).

— Gyllenhal, 1810: 365 ( Lathrobium ; characters; Lapland).

— Mannerheim, 1831: 447 ( Gyrohypnus ; Sweden).

— Griffith and Pidgeon, 1832: 292 ( Xantholinus ; cited as fulmineus).

— Runde, 1835: 11 ( Gyrohypnus ; characters; Germany).

— Lacordaire, 1835: 410 ( Cafius ; characters; France).

— Nordmann, 1837: 119 ( Gyrohypnus ; Sweden; Germany; Tauria).

— Erichson, 1839a: 420 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— Erichson, 1839b: 295 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— Hardy, 1851: 36 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 498 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 655 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— Thomson, 1860: 185 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— J. Sahlberg, 1876: 31 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1877a: 223 ( Othius ; synonym of fulvipennis ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 469 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 124 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Coiffait, 1972: 340 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Bordoni, 1982: 389 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Assing, 1997: 46 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

deceptivus Cuvier, 1833: 196 ( Staphylinus ; Type locality: Not cited).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 124 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Coiffait, 1972: 340 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Bordoni, 1982: 389 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

— Assing, 1997: 46 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

donisthorpei Chitty, 1903: 151 ( Othius ; aberration of fulvipennis ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5)]; cited from New Forest).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1323 ( Othius ; variety of punctulatus ).

— Coiffait, 1972: 333, 340 ( Othius ; variety of punctulatus ; characters).

— Pope, 1977: 28 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

ibericus Coiffait, 1956a: 39 ( Othius ; Type locality: Espagne: Rio Valsain , 1600 m, Pr. de Ségovie).

— Coiffait, 1972: 332, 340 ( Othius ; subspecies of punctulatus ; characters).

— Assing, 1997: 46 ( Othius ; synonym of punctulatus ).

quadratus Zheng, 1995: 342 , 346 ( Othius ; Type locality: Sichuan, Wolong , 2400 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

reitteri Fuente, 1898 , see: piceus Scriba, 1870 .

reticulatus Assing, 1999: 74 ( Othius ; Type locality: Taiwan: Nantou Hsien, near Tsifeng , 2200 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan.

rhodicus Coiffait, 1976 , see: lapidicola Märkel and Kiesenwetter, 1848 .

rosti Bernhauer, 1907: 385 ( Othius ; Type locality: Nemoro und Sapporo auf Jesso; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1999]).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 319 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Watanabe and Shibata, 1965: 321 ( Othius , cited as Otiellus; Japan).

— Watanabe, 1994 ( Othius ; Rebun-tô Island).

— Watanabe, 1995d: 256 ( Othius ; Okushiri-tô Island).

— Watanabe, 1996a: 12 ( Othius ; cave collection; Japan).

— Assing, 1999: 16 ( Othius ; lectotype designation: Jesso , Nemoro, Japan; characters; Russia; Japan) .

— Assing, 1999c: 682 ( Othius ; Russian Federation).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Russia.

rudis Zheng, 1995: 343 , 346 ( Othius ; Type locality: Sichuan: Mt. Emei , 1500 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

ruficornis Cameron, 1928c: 561 ( Othius ; Type locality: Sikkim: Karponang , 10,000 feet [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1998]).

— Cameron, 1932: 44 ( Othius ; characters; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1323 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Assing, 1998: 309 ( Othius ; characters; lectotype designation; India) .

— Assing, 1999c: 684 ( Othius ; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1998, by factor of 2.02).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

rufipennis Sharp, 1874: 49 ( Othius ; Type locality: Orakami Marsh; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1999]).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 319 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Nakane, 1963a: 90 ( Othiellus ; characters; habitus photograph; Japan).

— Yuh, Paik, Kwon, and Lee, 1985: 239 ( Othius ; Korea).

— Assing, 1999: 29 ( Othius ; lectotype designation; characters; China) .

— Assing, 1999c: 683 ( Othius ; Japan; China).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Korea, China.

ruivomontis Assing and Wunderle, 1995a: 62 ( Othius ; Type locality: Madeira: Achada do Teixeira , 1580 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madeira.

schawalleri Assing, 1998: 332 ( Othius ; Type locality: Nepal: Myagdi Distr., Myagdi Khola, N. Dobang, 2800 –3100 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

scoticus Stephens, 1833: 256 ( Othius ; [Note: Nomen dubium]; Type locality: Scotland).

— Stephens, 1839: 402 ( Othius ; characters; Scotland).

- DISTRIBUTION: Britain.

sculptipennis Assing, 1999: 49 ( Othius ; Type locality: China: Sichuan, 28.07 N, 101.05 E, 30 km NW Muli / Bowa ).

— Assing, 1999c: 683 ( Othius ; Sichuan).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

semipunctatus Fairmaire and Germain, 1861 , see: Neobisnius .

serratus Assing, 1997: 81 ( Othius ; Type locality: Kaukasus, Suram).

— Solodovnikov, 2000a: 328 ( Othius ; notes; Georgia).

- DISTRIBUTION: Georgia.

sexpunctatus Haliday, 1841 , see: angustus Stephens, 1833 .

shibatai Ito, 1989: 28 ( Othius ; Type locality: Taiwan: Chiayi Hsien: Alishan ).

— Assing, 1999: 60 ( Othius ; characters; Taiwan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan.

sinuosus Assing, 1998: 307 ( Othius ; Type locality: Karakorum: Haramosch-Massiv, Iskere, Kaltaro Bach).

— Assing, 1999c: 684 ( Othius ; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1998, by factor of 2.02).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

sipeki Roubal, 1919 [Note: Nomen nudum], see: angustus Stephens, 1833 .

smetanai Assing, 1999: 67 ( Othius ; Type locality: Taiwan: Pingtung Hsien, Peitawushan, Kuai-Ku Hut , 2325 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan.

solodovnikovi Assing, 1997: 43 ( Othius ; Type locality: W. Caucasus, Urup river near Urup mountain, 2000 m).

— Solodovnikov, 1996a: 345 ( Othius ; [Note: Misidentified as jadwigae according to Assing, 1997: 43]; translation of Solodovnikov, 1996). — Assing, 1999c: 669 ( Othius ; Caucasus). - DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Caucasus.

stenocephalus Eppelsheim, 1881 , see: angustus Stephens, 1833 .

stoetzneri Bernhauer, 1931, see: latus Sharp, 1874 .

strigulosus Wollaston, 1854: 575 ( Othius ; Type locality: Madeira: Ribeiro de Santa Luzia; Ribeiro Frio; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing and Wunderle, 1995a]). — Wollaston, 1857: 186 ( Othius ; habitat; Madeira). — Wollaston, 1865: 498 ( Othius ; habitat; Madeira). — Fauvel, 1902b: 99 ( Othius ; Madeira). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 319 ( Othius ; catalog). — Smetana, 1963b: 36 ( Othius ; Madeira). — Coiffait, 1972: 349 ( Othius ; characters; Madeira). — Palm, 1979: 269 ( Othius ; characters; collecting notes; Madeira). — Assing and Wunderle, 1995a: 56 ( Othius ; lectotype designation: [Note: Locality not cited]; characters; bionomics; Madeira). — Assing, 1998a: 214 ( Othius ; Madeira). — Assing, 1999c: 672 ( Othius ; Madeira). - DISTRIBUTION: Madeira.

subuliformis Stephens, 1833: 256 ( Othius ; Type locality: London; Suffolk; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1997]). — Stephens, 1839: 402 ( Othius ; characters; England). — Reitter, 1908: 106 ( Othius ; synonym of melanocephalus ). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 ( Othius ; synonym of melanocephalus ). — Smetana, 1958: 127 ( Othius ; synonym of angustus ). — Coiffait, 1972: 348 ( Othius ; synonym of angustus ). — Bordoni, 1982: 394 ( Othius ; synonym of angustus ). — Assing, 1997: 62, 128 ( Othius ; lectotype designation: [Note: Locality not cited]; valid species; characters; notes; Sweden; Norway; Denmark; Great Britain; Belgium; Germany; Portugal; Spain; France; Italy; Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Latvia; Russia; Romania; records from Slovenia, Hungary, Romania, Balkans, and the Caucasus are misidentifications). — Assing and Schülke, 1999: 10, 11 ( Othius ; characters). — Assing, 1999c: 673 ( Othius ; notes; Finland; Russian Federation; Denmark; Portugal; Spain; Germany; France; Switzerland; Swiss or Austrian territory; Austria; Czech Republic; Poland; Czech or Polish territory; Italy). — Assing, 2001: 75 ( Othius ; collected from xerothermous site; Germany). - DISTRIBUTION: Europe.

myrmecophilus Kiesenwetter, 1843: 308 ( Othius ; Type locality: Not cited). — Mannerheim, 1830: 34 ( Gyrohypnus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 cited melanocephalus Mannerheim as a synonym of myrmecophilus Kiesenwetter ; Mannerheim did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Gyllenhal who cited Gravenhorst as the author]; Finland). — Mannerheim, 1831: 448 ( Gyrohypnus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 318 cited melanocephalus Mannerheim as a synonym of myrmecophilus Kiesenwetter ; Mannerheim did not describe the species as new, he attributed it to Gyllenhal who cited Gravenhorst as the author]; Finland). — Märkel, 1845: 235 ( Othius ; notes; with Formica fuliginosa ). — Redtenbacher, 1849: 824 ( Xantholinus ; characters; Austria). — Kraatz, 1857d: 658 ( Othius ; characters; Germany). — Redtenbacher, 1857: 179 ( Othius ; characters; Austria). — Thomson, 1860: 186 ( Othius ; characters; Scandinavia).

— Fauvel, 1865a: 299 [= 1865b: 49] ( Othius ; habitat; France). — Fauvel, 1873b: 83 [= 1873a: 369] ( Othius ; characters; France; Europe). — Smetana, 1958: 128 ( Othius ; synonym of myrmecophilus ).

— Coiffait, 1972: 333, 338, 350 ( Othius ; variety of myrmecophilus ; characters).

— Assing, 1997: 62 ( Othius ; synonym of subuliformis ).

atavisticus Rüschkamp, 1932: 156 ( Othius ; form of myrmecophilus ; Type locality: Rheinufer bei Bonn).

— Smetana, 1958: 128 ( Othius ; synonym of myrmecophilus ).

— Coiffait, 1972: 350 ( Othius ; synonym of myrmecophilus ).

algarvensis Coiffait, 1964a: 507 ( Othius ; subspecies of myrmecophilus ; Type locality: Portugal: Algarve, Barranco do Veilho).

— Coiffait, 1972: 338, 350 ( Othius ; subspecies of myrmecophilus ; characters).

— Assing, 1997: 62 ( Othius ; synonym of subuliformis ).

suturalis Motschulsky, 1845 , see: Atrecus .

suturalis Motschulsky, 1858 , see: lapidicola Märkel and Kiesenwetter, 1848 .

svaneticus Assing, 1999c: 676 ( Othius ; Type locality: Caucasus, Swanetien).

- DISTRIBUTION: Georgia.

taiwanus Ito, 1989: 25 ( Othius ; Type locality: Taiwan: Chiayi Hsien: Alishan ).

— Assing, 1999: 58 ( Othius ; characters; Taiwan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan.

transsilvanicus Ganglbauer, 1895: 471 ( Othius ; Type locality: Coodgebirge; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1997]. Originally cited from Transsilvanische Alpen).

— Reitter, 1908: 107 ( Othius ; characters; Transylvania).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 319 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1323 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1958: 129 ( Othius ; characters; ecology).

— Szujecki, 1969a: 254 ( Othius ; notes; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1972: 343 ( Othius ; characters; references; Romania).

— Frank, 1982: 32 ( Othius ; list of parasites).

— Tóth, 1989: 37 ( Othius ; characters).

— Janák, 1993a: 47 ( Othius ; cited as transilvanicus; Slovakia).

— Assing, 1997: 78, 128 ( Othius ; lectotype designation: Coodgebirge ; characters; notes; Romania; Ukraine; Poland) .

— Assing and Schülke, 1999: 14 ( Othius ; characters).

— Assing, 1999c: 675 ( Othius ; Poland; Romania; Ukraine).

- DISTRIBUTION: Romania, Slovakia, Poland, Uraine.

truncatus Assing, 1998: 316 ( Othius ; Type locality: Nepal: Taplejung Distr. , pasture Lassetham, NW Yamputhin, 3300–3500 m).

— Assing, 1999c: 684 ( Othius ; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1998, by factor of 2.02).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

tuberipennis Assing, 1999: 52 ( Othius ; Type locality: China: Yunnan prov., Dali ).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

turcmenus Fauvel, 1900d: 228 ( Othius ; Type locality: Turkestan: Verni; [Note: See lectotype designation by Assing, 1997]).

— Reitter, 1908: 105 ( Othius ; characters; Turkestan).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 319 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1323 ( Othius ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1972: 355 ( Othius ; characters; references; Turkestan).

— Assing, 1997: 107 ( Othius ; lectotype designation; characters; notes; Kazakhstan) .

— Assing, 1999c: 679 ( Othius ; characters; notes; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1997, by factor of 2.02; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan.

ushakovi Assing and Solodovnikov, 1998: 303 ( Othius ; Type locality: Georgia: Caucasus ,

— Solodovnikov, 1996a: 343 ( Othius ; translation of Solodovnikov, 1996).

— Assing, 1997: 59 ( Othius ; lectotype designation: Abchasia , Mont. Gagrenses, 6000′; characters; notes; Georgia) .

— Assing, 1999c: 684 ( Othius ; correct measurements for TiL and TaL cited in Assing, 1997, by factor of 1.54).

- DISTRIBUTION: Georgia.

Parothius

[2 species; Nearctic Region]

Parothius Casey, 1906: 422 , 423 (species included: californicus ). TYPE SPECIES: Othius californicus Mannerheim , fixed by monotypy.

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 317 (world catalog; 1 species).

— Leng, 1920: 106 (catalog of North American species).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 295 (type species: californicus ).

— Hatch, 1957: 232 (characters; species of Pacific Northwest).

— Moore, 1963a: 94 (characters).

— Moore and Legner, 1975: 89 (catalog; North America north of Mexico).

— Moore and Legner, 1979: 72 (characters; notes).

— Smetana, 1982: 54 (characters; habitus; revision of and key to genera and species of North America north of Mexico).

— Campbell and Davies, 1991: 123 (checklist of species; Canada).

— Newton, Thayer, Ashe, and Chandler, 2000: 390 (2 Nearctic species; notes; characters in key). californicus Mannerheim, 1843b: 228 ( Othius ; Type locality: California; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1982]).

— Casey, 1906: 424 ( Parothius ; characters; California).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 317 ( Parothius ; catalog).

— Hatch, 1957: 232 ( Parothius ; characters; British Columbia; Washington; Oregon).

— Smetana, 1982: 54 ( Parothius ; lectotype designation; characters; British Columbia; California; Oregon; Washington) .

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

punctatus Smetana, 1982: 58 ( Parothius ; Type locality: California; Mendocino. Also cited from British Columbia and Oregon).

— Smetana, 1988a: 526 ( Parothius ; California).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

Tribe Platyprosopini

Platyprosopini Lynch, 1884 .

— Eichelbaum, 1909: 159 (generic references; number of species in genus; general distribution of genus).

— Pototskaia, 1967: 45 (larval characters).

— Smetana, 1982: 22 (revision of genera and species of North America north of Mexico; characters).

— Newton and Thayer, 1992: 64 (tribe of Staphylininae ).

— Newton, Thayer, Ashe, and Chandler, 2000: 389 (characters; notes).

Platyprosoparia Lynch, 1884: 165 (genera included: Platyprosopus ). TYPE GENUS: Platyprosopus (see Newton and Thayer, 1992: 64).

Platyprosopina Sharp, 1887: 783 (genera included: Platyprosopus ). TYPE GENUS: Platyporsopus (see Newton and Thayer, 1992: 64).

— Jakobson, 1909: 498 (characters).

— Newton and Thayer, 1992: 64 (synonym of Platyprosopini ).

Platyprosopi:

— Casey, 1906: 359, 363 (characters).

Platyprosopinae Moore, 1964a: 89 (characters; notes; genera included: Platyprosopus ).

Megaprosopus Reitter, 1908: 104 [= 1908a: 7] (species included: beduinus ; [preoccupied by Macquart, 1843]). TYPE SPECIES: Platyprosopus beduinus Nordmann , fixed by monotypy.

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 (synonym of Platyprosopus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 47 (subgenus of Platyprosopus ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1324 (subgenus of Platyprosopus ).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 235 (type species: beduinus ).

— Coiffait, 1972: 371 (synonym of Platyprosopus subgenus Megaprosopoda ).

Megaprosopoda E. Strand, 1935: 297 (replacement name for Megaprosopus Reitter ). TYPE SPECIES: Platyprosopus beduinus Nordmann , fixed by objective synonymy with Megaprosopus .

— Blackwelder, 1952: 235 (type species).

— Coiffait, 1972: 371, 373 (subgenus of Platyprosopus ; characters; type species: beduinus ;

key to species of western Palaearctic region; references).

aequalis Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; replacement name for parallelus Bernhauer ).

— Cameron, 1932: 52 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Bengal).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1324 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Shibata, 1973a: 131 ( Platyprosopus ; Taiwan).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Taiwan.

parallelus Bernhauer, 1911: 86 ( Platyprosopus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: N. Bengal: Katihar, Purneah District).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; synonym of aequalis ).

— Cameron, 1932: 53 ( Platyprosopus ; synonym of aequalis ).

aethiopicus Bernhauer, 1939a: 81 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Südl. Aethiopien: Nanoropus, bords du Rodolphe, 565 m).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 21 ( Platyprosopus ; Sudan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia, Sudan.

amazonicus Irmler, 1977: 62 , 69 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Brazil: Rio Branco, Igarapé Aripuaña, Territorio de Roraima).

- DISTRIBUTION: Brazil.

araxis Reitter, 1891 , see: bagdadensis Stierlin, 1867 .

argentinus Irmler, 1977: 64 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Chaco de Santiago del Estero, bords du Rio Salado, environs d’Icano ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Argentina.

arrowi Tottenham, 1961: 205 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Nigeria: Onitsha ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nigeria.

bagdadensis Stierlin, 1867: 218 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Bagdad).

— Fauvel, 1897d: 289 ( Platyprosopus ; Algeria).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 98 ( Platyprosopus ; Algeria; Tunisia).

— Reitter, 1908: 104 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Syria; Transcaucasus; Arax valley).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961: 6 ( Platyprosopus ; Iran).

— Coiffait, 1972: 375 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; references; Transcaucasus; Middle East;

North Africa).

— H. Franz, 1987: 69 ( Platyprosopus ; Cyprus).

— Gusarov, 1997: 286 ( Platyprosopus ; Saudi Arabia).

- DISTRIBUTION: Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Cyprus, Tunisia, Algeria.

araxis Reitter, 1891a: 138 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Ufer des Araxes bei Ordubad).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 98 ( Platyprosopus ; synonym of bagdadensis ).

— Reitter, 1908: 104 ( Platyprosopus ; synonym of bagdadensis ).

beduinus Nordmann, 1837: 133 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Aegyptus).

— Erichson, 1839b: 293 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Nubia).

— Fauvel, 1886: 47 [= 1886a: 39] ( Platyprosopus ; Egypt).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 98 ( Platyprosopus ; Egypt).

— Reitter, 1908: 7 ( Platyprosopus ; subgenus Megaprosopus ; characters; Egypt; Nubia; Senegal). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— C. Koch, 1936b: 163 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Egypt).

— Coiffait, 1972: 380 ( Platyprosopus ; subgenus Megaprosopoda ; characters; references; Egypt; Erythraea; Chad; Senegal).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 20 ( Platyprosopus ; Sudan).

— Frank, 1982: 45 ( Platyprosopus ; list of parasites).

- DISTRIBUTION: Egypt, Eritrea, Sudan, Chad, Senegal.

bernhaueri Cerruti, 1950: 49 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Somalia: territorio dei Rahanuim ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Somalia.

bhutanicus Coiffait, 1977b: 220 ( Platyprosopus ; subgenus Megaprosopoda ; Type locality: Bhutan: Phuntsholing, 200–400 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Bhutan.

biblus Bordoni, 1984: 337 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Libano: Les Cèdres , Biblos,

2300 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Lebanon.

bilineatus Fauvel, 1895: 239 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Bírmanie, Bhamo ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1932: 50 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Burma).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Myanmar.

biseriatus Eppelsheim, 1895b: 400 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Calcutta).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Cameron, 1932: 52 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Burma; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Platyprosopus ; Cambodia).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Myanmar, Cambodia.

bruchi Bernhauer, 1923b: 58 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Argentinien: Prov. Santa Fé, Rosario ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Irmler, 1977: 62 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Argentina).

- DISTRIBUTION: Argentina.

bucephalus Lynch, 1884: 168 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Provincia Bonaerensi [Baradero] et Territorio Missionum).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Argentina.

consularis Fauvel, 1895: 239 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Pegu, Palon ; Bírmanie; Siam, Cambodge; Cochinchine; Tonkin).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 69 ( Platyprosopus ; Burma; Siam; Cambodia; Indochina; Tonkin; Sumatra; Java).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1922a: 150 ( Platyprosopus ; Cambodia).

— Cameron, 1932: 49 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Burma; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia. daressalamensis Bernhauer, 1937: 300 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Tanganyika:

elatus Fauvel, 1895: 239 ( Platyprosopus ; replacement name for indicus Kraatz ).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 70 ( Platyprosopus ; India; Burma).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; [Note: Fauvel, 1904 cited as the date of publication]; catalog).

— Cameron, 1932: 49 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Burma; India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1982a: 232 ( Platyprosopus ; India).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Myanmar, Cambodia.

indicus Kraatz, 1859: 114 ( Platyprosopus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: India borealis).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 70 ( Platyprosopus ; synonym of elatus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; synonym of elatus ).

— Cameron, 1932: 49 ( Platyprosopus ; synonym of elatus ).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Platyprosopus ; cited as valid species; Cambodia).

elongatus Mannerheim, 1830: 36 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Caucasus ; Armenia).

— Mannerheim, 1831: 450 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Caucasus; Armenia).

— Nordmann, 1837: 134 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Caucasus; Grusiniae).

— Erichson, 1839b: 294 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Grusia; Chersonesus Taurica).

— Laporte, 1840: 181 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Caucasus; Crimea; Armenia).

— Hochhuth, 1849: 98 ( Platyprosopus ; characters).

— Solsky, 1870: 462 ( Platyprosopus ; Astrakhan).

— Redtenbacher, 1874: 223 ( Platyprosopus ; characters).

— Solsky, 1874: 184 ( Philonthus ; characters; Turkestan).

— Eppelsheim, 1892: 334 ( Platyprosopus ; Turkestan).

— Reitter, 1908: 104 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; southern Russia; Transcaucasus; Transcaspian region; Turkestan).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961b: 34 ( Platyprosopus ; Afghanistan).

— Scheerpeltz, 1961h: 252 ( Platyprosopus ; subgenus Platyprosopus ; Afghanistan).

— Scheerpeltz, 1963: 11 ( Platyprosopus ; Afghanistan).

— Pototskaia, 1967: 45 ( Platyprosopus ; larval characters).

— Coiffait, 1972: 377 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; references; Russia; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; region south of Caspian Sea; Turkestan).

— Bordoni, 1975a: 151 ( Platyprosopus ; Afghanistan).

— Petrenko, 1980: 81 ( Platyprosopus ; Caucasus).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.

fraternus Bernhauer, 1922a: 150 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Kambodja).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog; Indochina).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cambodia, Vietnam.

frontalis Sharp, 1876: 107 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Tapajos).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Irmler, 1977: 62 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Brazil).

- DISTRIBUTION: Brazil.

fuliginosus Erichson, 1840: 923 ( Platyprosopus ; Type locality: Bengala).

— Kraatz, 1859: 115 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Bengal).

— Fauvel, 1904a: 70 ( Platyprosopus ; Burma; Bengal; Cambodia; Tonkin).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 320 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1922a: 150 ( Platyprosopus ; Indochina; Cambodia).

— Cameron, 1932: 51 ( Platyprosopus ; characters; Bihar).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1325 ( Platyprosopus ; catalog).

— Last, 1961: 306 ( Platyprosopus ; Cambodia).

— Scheerpeltz, 1976a: 86 ( Platyprosopus ; Nepal).