Profilicollis altmani ( Perry, 1942 )

Lisitsyna, O. I., Kudlai, O., Spraker, T. R. & Kuzmina, T. A., 2018, New Records On Acanthocephalans From California Sea Lions Zalophus Californianus (Pinnipedia, Otariidae) From California, Usa, Vestnik Zoologii 52 (3), pp. 181-192 : 187-189

Profilicollis altmani ( Perry, 1942)

D e s c r i p t i o n ( figs 1 , C; 2 , G; table 2).

G e n e r a l. Acanthocephalans of medium size. Trunk with two extensions in its anterior part; posterior part cylindrical. Spines extend to middle of anterior extension, arranged in irregular longitudinal rows. Length of spines decreasing from apical (30) to basal (22–23). Genital spines absent. Proboscis spherical, with 25–30 longitudinal rows of 11–13 hooks each ( fig. 2 , G). First 3–4 hooks thicker than others, with simple roots directed posteriorly. Next hooks spiniform, with root processes directed anteriorly or without processes. Neck 900–1,620 × 370–480 long. Proboscis receptacle double–walled, attached at proboscis base, extended through neck to trunk, with maximum width in its posterior part. Cerebral ganglion oval, 220 × 89. Lemnisci sacciform, attached to neck, extend to bottom of proboscis receptacle or slightly posterior.

Remarks. Specimens collected from Z. californianus in our study correspond to the original description of P. altmani provided by Perry (1942), but differ in the number of hooks in the longitudinal rows (11–13 hooks vs 9–12 hooks). The wide variability in the number of hooks (13–17) was also found in specimens of P. bullocki , a synonym of P. altmani by Amin (2013) collected from birds, Larus dominucanus Lichtenstein , L. pipixcan Wagler , Podiceps occipitalis Garnot , Numenius phaeopus Linnaeus , in South America ( Riquelme et al., 2006). We assume that the variability in the number of hooks in a row is typical for this species.

Profilicollis altmani was described from surf scoters ( Melanitta perspicillata Linnaeus ) and M. deglandi stejnegeri (Ridgway) in North America ( Perry, 1942). This species was also reported in gulls ( Chroicocephalus maculipennis Lichtenstein ), Larus dominicanus , L. pipixcan , and Leucophaeus modestus von Tschudi ), grebe ( Podiceps occipitalis ) and whimbrels ( Numenius phaeopus ) from the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans ( Van Cleave, 1947; Bourgeois & Threlfall,1982; Riquelme et al., 2006; Goulding &Cohen, 2014; Rodríguez et al., 2016), as well as in a sea otter E. lutris in California ( Near et al., 1998; Mayer et al., 2003). Juvenile worms were found in the intestines of the Peruvian grunt ( Anisotremus scapularis Tschudi ) from the coastal zone of Chorrillos, Peru ( Chero et al., 2014). Paratenic hosts were not reported. Crabs of the genera Emerita Scopoli and Blepharipoda Randall serve as the intermediate hosts for P. altmani ( Tantaleán et al., 2002; Mayer et al., 2003; Royal et al., 2004; Smith, 2007).

Figures

Fig. 1. Acanthocephalan species from California sea lions (Zalophus californianus): A — Corynosoma strumosum, total view of adult male; B — Corynosoma obtuscens, total view of female; C — Profilicollis altmani, total view of immature male; D — Andracantha phalacrocoracis, anterior part of female; E — Andrcantha sp., total view of immature female. Scale bars: A, B, C, E — 1 mm, D — 500 μm.

Fig. 2. Acanthocephalan species from California sea lions (Zalophus californianus): A — Andracantha sp., total view of immature male. Scale bar 1 mm; B — Andracantha sp., proboscis of female. Scale bar 500 μm; C — Andracantha sp., total view of immature female. Scale bar 1 mm; D — Andracantha phalacrocoracis, spines of ventral surface. Scale bar 1 mm; E — Corynosoma obtuscens, transitional hooks. Scale bar 50 μm; F — Corynosoma strumosum, transitional hooks. Scale bar 50 μm; G — Profilicollis altmani, longitudinal row of hooks. Scale bar 100 μm; H — Andracantha sp., posterior part of female. Scale bar 500 μm; J — Andracantha sp., longitudinal row of hooks.Scale bar 100 μm; K — Andracantha phalacrocoracis, longitudinal row of hooks. Scale bar 100 μm.