Dysoniina Rehn, 1950

Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Braun, Holger & García, Alexander García, 2022, The tribe Dysoniini part VI: Phylogeny, biogeography and evolutionary trends of the lichen katydid genera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae). Eleventh contribution to the suprageneric organization of Neotropical phaneropterines, Zootaxa 5166 (1), pp. 1-93 : 37-38

Subtribe Dysoniina Rehn, 1950 n. stat.

Diagnosis. Small to medium-sized (25–55 mm), coloration variable, most commonly white with black spots ( Quiva , Lichenomorphus , Dysonia , Lichenodentix , and Dissonulichen ) or greenish brown with some greenish white spots ( Paraphidnia , Anaphidna , Yungasacris , and Alexanderellus ). Head longer than wide in frontal view (except Dissonulichen and Quiva ), vertex of variable development and shape (according to genus). Antennae mainly nodose, few genera without antennal modifications (basal genera like Quiva , Yungasacris and Dissonulichen ). Pronotum mostly smooth and without distinct modifications, except for Anaphidna with a rugose pronotum, and several species which have differently developed tubercles or raised lateral margins of the metazona ( Lichenomorphus ), sometimes with denticulations ( Lichenodentix ). Tegmina with undulate shape (except for the above-mentioned three most basal genera, as well as Paraphidnia and Anaphidna ). Leg spines flattened, triangular or lamellar, some genera with a large and broad spine on the hind femur ( Quiva has very small spines); genicular lobes with a moderately developed spine. Male cerci variable in shape, male subgenital plate usually unmodified (except Lichenomorphus ). Ovipositor as long as pronotum, valves moderately broadened and delicately serrulate, curving upward in first basal third; cerci of females short and robust.

Type genus. Dysonia White, 1862 .

Distribution. From northeastern Mexico to northern Argentina, with major diversification in South America ( Cadena-Castañeda 2011b).

Comments. Most of the taxa of this subtribe show lichenomorphic camouflage, specialized on foliose lichens such as Lobariaceae . Others such as Anaphidna and Paraphidnia can also mimic bryophytes. Quiva is the only genus of the tribe that mimics wasps of the family Ichneumonidae .