Synaldis venustula, Papp, 2007

Papp, J., 2007, Braconidae (Hymenoptera) From Korea Xxii. Subfamily Alysiinae, Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 53 (1), pp. 1-38 : 17-20

Synaldis venustula sp. n. ♀

( Figs 33–41 )

Material examined (1 ♀). – Female holotype: Korea, prov. South Pyongan, Mang-yong-dae, 5 August 1971, leg. S. HORVATOVICH et J. PAPP (loc. no. 139). – Holotype is deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum (Department of Zoology), Budapest, Hym. Typ. No. 10971.

Holotype is in good condition, hind left wing somewhat creased; specimen itself glued on a pointed card by mesosternum.

Etymology. – The species name “venustula” refers to the graceful corporal form of the new species.

Description of the female holotype. – Body 1.6 mm long. Antenna as long as head, mesosoma and half metasoma combined and with 15 antennomeres. Flagellomeres 1–2 of equal length and 1.5 times as long as broad ( Fig. 33 ), rest of flagellomeres thick (1.4 times longer than broad), penultimate flagellomere 1.5 times as long as broad. – Head in dorsal view ( Fig. 34 ) subcubic, 1.5 times as broad as long, eye as long as temple, temple not bulged and moderately rounded; head 1.6 times broader than mesoscutum between tegulae. Subclypeal (or tentorial) pit short, not reaching compound eye ( Fig. 35 ). Ocelli small, elliptic, OOL nearly three times length of POL. Eye in lateral view nearly round, 1.3 times as high as wide, temple a bit wider than eye ( Fig. 36 , see arrows). Mandible ( Fig. 37 ) 1.3 times as long as broad between upper and lower teeth, distally broadening, all three teeth pointed. Head polished.

Mesosoma in lateral view 1.4 times as long as high, polished. Notaulix missing also on declivous part of mesoscutum. Mesoscutal dimple missing. Propodeum polished, pair of spiracles large, its distance from fore margin of propodeum a bit longer than diameter of spiracle, medio-longitudinal keel very weak ( Fig. 38 ). Precoxal suture short subcrenulate. – Hind femur fairly thick, 2.9 times as long as broad medially ( Fig. 39 ). Hind tarsus somewhat longer than hind tibia; hind tarsus as long as tarsomeres 2–3 combined.

Fore wing about as long as body. Pterostigma hardly wider than metacarpal vein. Veins r + 3SR relatively short, SR1 2.6 times length of r + 3SR. First subdiscal cell closed, 3CU1 and CU1a thick ( Fig. 40 ).

First tergite ( Fig. 41 ) 1.7 times as long as broad behind, almost evenly broadening posteriorly, pair of spiracles large and before middle of tergite, pair of keels short; first and further tergites polished. Border between tergites 2–3 indistinct. Ovipositor sheath in lateral view short, as long as basitarsus + half of second tarsomere combined.

Ground colour of body brown, propodeum and metasoma light brown, first tergite yellow. Scape, pedicel and flagellomeres 1–2 yellow, flagellum greyish brownish. Mandible yellow, palpi

whitish. Tegula and legs yellow, coxae + trochanters pale yellow. Wings hyaline, pterostigma and veins brownish yellow.

Male and host unknown.

Distribution: Korea.

The new species, Synaldis venustula , runs to S. kangauziensis BELOKOBYLSKIJ with the help of BELOKOBYLSKIJ’ s key to the East Palaearctic species of Synaldis ; the two species are distinguished by the following features keyed:

1 (2) Head in dorsal view ( Fig. 35 in BELOKOBYLSKIJ 2002: 403) transverse, 1.6 times as broad as long, eye 1.3 times longer than temple. Antenna with 20 antennomeres, first flagellomere 2.5 times as long as broad ( Fig. 36 l. c .). First tergite longitudinally striate ( Fig. 40 l. c .). Pair of stigma of propodeum small, its diameter 0.4 times as long as its distance from fore margin of propodeum. Hind femur 3.6 times as long as broad medially ( Fig. 41 l. c .). Coxae and tro- chanters brownish yellow. ♀: 2.6 mm. – Asiatic Russia (Maritime Territory) S. kangauziensis BELOKOBYLSKIJ, 2002

2 (1) Head in dorsal view ( Fig. 34 ) subcubic, 1.5 times as broad as long, eye as long as temple. Antenna with 15 antennomeres, first flagellomere 1.5 times as long as broad ( Fig. 33 ). First tergite smooth ( Fig. 41 ). Pair of stigma of propodeum large, its diameter a bit shorter than its distance from fore margin of propodeum ( Fig. 38 ). Hind femur rather thick, 2.9 times as long as broad me- dially ( Fig. 39 ). Coxae and trochanters pale yellow. ♀: 1.6 mm. – Korea S. venustula sp. n.

With the help of FISCHER’ s key (1993: 453–456) the new species runs to S. parvicornis (THOMSON) considering their subcubic head, missing mesoscutal dimple, short antenna and short ovipositor sheath, however, the two species are distinguished by clearcut features keyed (in the present papaer S. parvicornis is assigned to the genus Adelphenaldis FISCHER , see also the chapter “Taxonomic remark” at A. correcta sp. n.):

1 (2) Paraclypeal pit large, reaching compound eye (generic difference, Fig. 42 ). Propodeum areolated, areola basalis five-sided, along carina more or less rugulose, pair of spiracles small ( Fig. 43 ). Hind femur 3.8–4.2 times as long as broad medially. First tergite twice as long as broad behind. Lower tooth of mandible rounded ( Fig. 44 ). Ground colour of body black to brownish black. ♀: 1.6–1.8 mm. – Europe, Russia Adelphenaldis parvicornis (THOMSON, 1895)

2 (1) Paraclypeal pit short, not reaching compound eye (generic difference, Fig. 35 ). Propodeum polished, pair of spiracles large ( Fig. 38 ). Hind femur 2.9 times as long as broad medially ( Fig. 39 ). First tergite 1.6 times as long as broad behind ( Fig. 41 ). Lower tooth of mandible pointed ( Fig. 37 ). Ground colour of body brown to light brown with yellow pattern. ♀: 1.6 mm. – Korea S. venustula sp. n.

The new species is similar to S. jordanica FISCHER considering their subcubic head, short corporal size and short ovipositor sheath; the two species are easy to distinguish:

1 (2) Propodeum along medio-longitudinal line rugo-rugulose, otherwise propodeum polished, pair of spiracles small ( Fig. 45 ). Temple in dorsal view somewhat bulged and 1.7 times as long as eye, head in dorsal view between temples somewhat broader than between eyes ( Fig. 46 ). Hind femur less thick, four times as long as broad. Antenna with 18 antennomeres, first flagellomere twice as long as broad apically ( Fig. 28 in FISCHER 1993: 471). Ground colour of body black. ♀: 1.8 mm. – Jordan S. jordanica FISCHER, 1993

2 (1) Propodeum polished, pair of spiracles large ( Fig. 38 ). Temple in dorsal view not bulged and as long as eye, head in dorsal view between eyes and temples equal in breadth ( Fig. 34 ). Hind femur thick, 2.9 times as long as broad ( Fig. 39 ). Antenna with 15 antennomeres, first flagellomere 1.5 times as long as broad apically ( Fig. 33 ). Ground colour of body brown to light brown with yellow pattern. ♀: 1.6 mm. – Korea S. venustula sp. n.

Figures

Figs 33–46. 33–41. Synaldis venustula sp. n.: 33 = flagellomeres 1–2, 34 = head in dorsal view, 35 = right subclypeal pit, 36 = head in lateral view, 37 = mandible, 38 = propodeum, 39 = hind femur, 40 = subdiscal cell of fore wing, 41 = first tergite. – 42–44. Adelphenaldis parvicornis (THOMSON): 42 = right subclypeal pit, 43 = propodeum, 44 = mandible. – 45–46. Synaldis jordanica FISCHER: 45 = propodeum, 46 = head in dorsal view

Figs 21–32. Apronopa levis sp. n.: 21 = flagellomeres 1–2 and 25–28, 22 = head in dorsal view, 23 = head in lateral view, 24 = mandible, 25 = mesoscutum with notaulix, 26 = propodeum, 27 = hind femur, 28 = distal part of right fore wing,29 =first subdiscal cell of fore wing, 30 = subbasal cell of hind wing with cu–a, 31 = tergites 1–3 with indication of the rugositiy of first tergite, 32 = posterior part of metasoma with hypopygium