Orthoptera

Kim, Taewoo & Chobanov and Hongyul Seo, Dragan P., 2017, Rediscovery of Zubovskya morii (Bey-Bienko, 1931) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), the nearly forgotten endemic grasshopper in North Korea with revised checklist from its type locality, Mount Baekdusan, Journal of Species Research 6 (2), pp. 195-205 : 200-203

Orthoptera in Mount Baekdusan

Since the first contribution of Bey-Bienko (1931), our knowledge of the Orthoptera in Mount Baekdusan has primarily come from Chinese authors studying the northern slope of the mountain, i.e., Mount Changbaishan. Zhang (1980) first reported Acrididae from Changbaishan in which a total of 27 species were listed, including three genera that have not been assigned to species level. Yang (1980, 1981) and Yang and Qu (1983) listed insect names during preliminary investigations on the northern slope. Many studies were primarily concerned with the description of new species from the type locality of Changbaishan by focusing on the families Acrididae and Tetrigidae ( Zhang, 1982; 1984; Jin and Zhang, 1983; Huang, 1987; Liu, 1987; Ren et al., 1994; Gong et al., 1995; Zhang et al., 1995; Ren et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2004; Yuan et al., 2006; Jin et al., 2011).

Since 1950, Eastern European expeditions to North Korea have indirectly contributed to our knowledge of Orthoptera in Mount Baekdusan, as Mount Baekdusan has generally been one of the collecting localities ( Park and Lee, 1992; Park, 1992) (this study, for example). However, fruitful studies of Orthoptera are relatively scarce compared to other insect orders ( Gorochov and Kostia, 1993; Kostia, 1993; 1995; Kim and Puskas, 2012).

After the Korean peninsula was divided into two countries, no considerable studies of Orthoptera were carried out in North Korea. There is only one reference book (of animals) concerning the fauna of Mount Baekdusan ( Eo et al., 1993). Since the 1980s, Chinese Changbaishan has been regarded as one of the most famous scenic spots for tourism ( Kim, 1989), and the first author of this report visited this area in 2005 ( Figs. 21, 22 ). South Koreans have also conducted fieldwork in Chinese Changbaishan in the northwest and published a few entomological reports ( Lee, 1990; Chang and Choe, 1992; Paik et al., 2007).

Recently, a cooperative project between China (Northeast Normal University) and North Korea (Kim Il Sung Univeristy) resulted in a joint publication by Ko and Choi (2006). In the book, a total of 95 species of Orthoptera are listed, but the list seems rather incomplete due to the inclusion of unavailable synonyms, old combinations, misspellings, and doubtful misidentifications. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the checklist using voucher specimens and information from more recent studies.

It is likely that the richness of the Orthoptera on Mount Baekdusan is currently underestimated. More than 100 species of Orthoptera may occur on Mount Baekdusan if synonymies are checked and missing records are includ- ed in all known publication ( Table 2). Among these, eight species are known only from the type locality of Mount Changbaishan. Comparing species numbers from Mount Baekdusan to those from the entire Korean peninsula, the proportion of the former is approximately 60% of the latter. Among this total list, composition of the Ensifera is relatively less known than that of the Caelifera. Special attention is needed to clarify the fauna of this monumental mountain in East Asia, and to identify this locality as a potential biological hot spot.

Tettigoniidae Sources

Conocephalinae 1 Conocephalus fuscus (Fabricius, 1793) Storozhenko et al., 2015: 46 Conocephalus discolor (Thunberg, 1815) Paik et al., 2007: 11

Phaneropterinae

2 Holochlora japonica Brunner-Wattenwyl, 1878 Bey-Bienko, 1954: 113 Holochlora nawae Matsumura and Shiraki, 1908 Ko and Choi, 2006: 99

3 Phaneroptera falcata (Poda, 1761) Ko and Choi, 2006: 99

4 Phaneroptera nigroantennata Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 Ko and Choi, 2006: 99 Phaneroptera nakanoensis Matsumura and Shiraki, 1908 Lee, 1990: 97

Tettigoniinae

5 Anatlanticus koreanus Bey-Bienko, 1951 Kim and Puskas, 2012: 6

6 Anatlanticus uvarovi (Miram, 1940) Paik et al., 2007: 12

7 Atlanticus brunneri (Pylnov, 1914) Storozhenko et al., 2015: 70 Atlanticus jeholensis Mori, 1935 Ko and Choi, 2006: 99

8 Bicolorana bicolor bicolor (Philippi, 1830) Kim and Puskas, 2012: 7

9 Cizuella bonneti (Bolivar, 1890) Paik et al., 2007: 12

10 Decticus verrucivorus verrucivorus (Linnaeus, 1758) Lee, 1990: 97

11 Eobiana engelhardti engelhardti (Uvarov, 1926) Storozhenko et al., 2015: 79 Metrioptera hime Furukawa, 1950 Ko and Choi, 2006: 99

12 Gampsocleis sedekovii obscura (Walker, 1869) Bey-Bienko, 1931: 674 Gampsocleis obscura hokusenensis Mori, 1933 Mori, 1933: 53 Gampsocleis buergeri (De Haan, 1843) Ko and Choi, 2006: 99

13 Metrioptera brachyptera (Linnaeus, 1761) Bey-Bienko, 1931: 674

14 Paratlanticus ussuriensis (Uvarov, 1926) Bey-Bienko, 1931: 673

15 Sphaniana ussuriana (Uvarov, 1926) Bey-Bienko, 1931: 674

16 Tettigonia ussuriana Uvarov, 1939 Paik et al., 2007: 12 Tettigonia viridissima (Linnaeus, 1758) Ko and Choi, 2006: 99

Gryllinae

18 Teleogryllus infernalis (Saussure, 1877) Paik et al., 2007: 12

Gryllus chinensis Weber, 1801 Ko and Choi, 2006: 99 Gryllus mitratus Burmeister, 1838 Ko and Choi, 2006: 99 Gryllus testaceus Walker, 1869 Ko and Choi, 2006: 99

19 Velarifictorus aspersus borealis Gorochov, 1985 Storozhenko et al., 2015: 116 Gryllodes berthellus Saussure, 1877 Ko and Choi, 2006: 100

Nemobiinae

20 Polionemobius taprobanensis (Walker, 1869) Paik et al., 2007: 12

Oecanthinae 21 Oecanthus longicauda Matsumura, 1904 Ko and Choi, 2006: 100

62 Chorthippus montanus (Charpentier, 1825) Kim and Puskas, 2012: 18

Chorthippus longicornis (Latreille, 1804) Bey-Bienko, 1931: 675

63 Chorthippus fallax (Zubowsky, 1900) Kim and Puskas, 2012: 18

64 Chorthippus hammarstroemi (Miram, 1907) Zhang, 1980: 67

65 Chorthippus intermedius (Bey-Bienko, 1926) Zhang, 1980: 67

66 Chrysacris changbaishanensis Ren et al., 1994 Type locality

67 Chrysacris robusta Lian and Zheng, 1987 Ren, 2001: 136

68 Chrysochraon dispar major Uvarov, 1925 Ren, 2001: 145

69 Euchorthippus pulvinatus (Fischer-Waldheim, 1846) Zhang, 1980: 67

70 Euchorthippus fusigeniculatus Jin and Zhang, 1983 Type locality

71 Euchorthippus unicolor (Ikonnikov, 1913) Zhang, 1980: 67

72 Euthystira brachyptera brachyptera (Ocskay, 1826) Yang and Qu, 1983: 257

73 Euthystira luteifemora Zhang et al., 1995 Type locality

74 Glyptobothrus maritimus maritimus (Mistshenko, 1951) Kim and Puskas, 2012: 18

Chorthippus brunneus (Thunberg, 1815) Yang and Qu : 1983: 257

Chorthippus bicolor (Chapentier, 1825) Bey-Bienko, 1931: 674

75 Glyptobothrus maritimus huabeiensis (Xia and Jin, 1982) Ren, 2001: 107

76 Gomphocerippus rufus (Linnaeus, 1758) Ko and Choi, 2006: 104

77 Gomphocerus kudia Caudell, 1927 Kim and Puskas, 2012: 19

Gomphocerus sibiricus (Linnaeus, 1758) Zhang, 1980: 67

78 Megaulacobothrus aethalinus (Zubowsky, 1899) Bey-Bienko, 1931: 675

Chorthippus latipennis (Bolivar, 1898) Lee, 1990: 95

79 Mongolotettix japonicus (Bolivar, 1898) Bey-Bienko, 1931: 674

80 Mongolotettix vittatus (Uvarov, 1914) Zhang, 1980: 67

81 Omocestus haemorrhoidalis (Charpentier, 1825) Zhang, 1980: 67

82 Omocestus viridulus (Linnaeus, 1758) Kim and Puskas, 2012: 19

83 Omocestus rufipes (Zetterstedt, 1821) Ragge, 1986: 213

Omocestus ventralis (Zetterstedt, 1821) Zhang, 1980: 67

84 Pararcyptera meridionalis (Ikonnikov, 1911) Paik et al., 2007: 14

Arcyptera microptera sibirica Uvarov, 1914 Lee, 1990: 94

85 Podismopsis ussuriensis Ikonnikov, 1911 Bey-Bienko, 1931: 674

86 Podismopsis genicularibus (Shiraki, 1910) Kim and Puskas, 2012: 19

87 Podismopsis shareiensis Shiraki, 1930 Storozhenko et al., 2015: 269

Podismopsis maximpennis Zhang and Ren, 1993 Ko and Choi, 2006: 102

88 Schmidtiacris schmidti (Ikonnikov, 1913) Paik et al., 2007: 15

Oedipodinae

89 Angaracris barabensis (Pallas, 1773) Ko and Choi, 2006: 102

90 Bryodemella holdereri (Krauss, 1901) Ko and Choi, 2006: 102

91 Bryodemella tuberculta diluta (Stoll, 1813) Bey-Bienko, 1931: 675

Bryodema tubercultum sibirica Ikonnikov, 1913 Ko and Choi, 2006: 104

92 Bryodema gebleri gebleri (Fischer von Waldheim, 1836) Ko and Choi, 2006: 104

93 Bryodema luctuosa luctuosa (Stoll, 1813) Ko and Choi, 2006: 102

94 Celes skalozubovi akitanus (Shiraki, 1910) Zhang, 1980: 67

95 Epacromius pulverulentus (Fischer-Waldheim, 1846) Paik et al., 2007: 16

Epacromius coerulipes (Ivanov, 1877) Zhang, 1980: 67

96 Gastrimargus marmoratus (Thunberg, 1815) Kim and Puskas, 2012: 21

97 Locusta migratoria migratoria (Linnaeus, 1758) Kim and Puskas, 2012: 21

98 Mecostethus alliaceus alliaceus (Germar, 1817) Zhang, 1980: 67

99 Oedaleus infernalis Saussure, 1884 Zhang, 1980: 67

Oedaleus infernalis amurensis Ikonnikov, 1911 Yang and Qu, 1983: 257

Oedaleus manjius Chang, 1939 Ko and Choi, 2006: 102

100 Stethophyma grossum (Linnaeus, 1758) Paik et al., 2007: 16

101 Stethophyma magister (Rehn, 1902) Storozhenko and Otte, 1994: 63

Mecostethus angustatus Zhang, 1984 Type locality

102 Trilophidia annulata (Thunber, 1815) Zhang, 1980: 67

Trilophidia annulata mongolica Saussure, 1888 Ko and Choi, 2006: 102

1) Zubovskya longifurcula was originally described in the genus Eozubovskya from Chinese Changbaishan based on the key character of the male with a pair of long furculae, but later was synonymized under Zubovskya by Storozhenko et al. (2015). According to the original description, Eozubovskya longifurcula was compared to Eozubovskya planicaudata described from Chinese Inner Mongolia, but was not compared to Zubovskya koreana known from the Korean peninsula. The distinguished characters of Zubovskya longifurcula , i.e., the presence of distinct tympanum and long furculae (except for a little smaller body size) does not significantly differ from Zubovskya koreana . Therefore, a new synonym Zubovskya koreana Mistshenko, 1952 = Zubovskya longifurcula ( Jin et al., 2011) syn. nov. is proposed here.

Figures

Figs. 21-22. Mount Baekdusan with caldera lake ‘Cheonji’ on the top (7 July, 2005).