Mucronotus velutinus ( Solier, 1849 ), 2021

Ruta, Rafał, 2021, Three new genera of large marsh beetles (Coleoptera: Scirtidae) from Valdivian temperate rain forests of southern South America, Zootaxa 5048 (4), pp. 451-485 : 476-479

Mucronotus velutinus ( Solier, 1849)

( Figs 10H–I , 11B , 12 , 13F , 21–22 )

Material examined. 1 male, 1 female ( ANIC): “ CHILE: Osorno Prov \ Parque Nac. Puyehue \ 4.1 km E Anticura \ 430m Site 662 19”, “ 26 Dec. 1982 Valdi- \ vian RF. Newton & \ Thayer”, “Malaise \ trap” . 1 male ( ANIC): “Chile Chiloe \ Is. 21 km \ N Quellon \ II-6-1968 ”, “ Collectors : L& \ C. W. O’Brien ”. 2 exx. ( ANIC): “ CHILE: Llanquihue \ Pr. Lago Chapo \ 13.5 km E Correntoso \ Site 656.310 m 16-27 \ Dec. 1982 Valdivian \ RF A. Newton M. Thayer ”; 11 exx. ( CMNC) , 1 ex. ( FMNH): “ CHILE: Osorno : Puyehue \ Nat. Pk; Aquas Calientes \ 18.XII.84-8.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 600m, malaise \ Nothofagus forest” . 1 ex. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: Palena Prov. \ 37 km SE Chaiten \ 28.XII.84- 30.I.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 60 m \ riverside 2nd rainforest”. 6 exx. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: 40 km W Angol \ Nahuelbuta Nat. Pk. \ 9.XII.84-17.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 12-1500m, FITS \ Nothofagus-Araucaria For.”. 11 exx. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: Malleco \ 17 km W Angol, 800 m \ 8.XII.84-16.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT \ mixed Nothofagus ”. 4 exx. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: Valdivia \ 34 km WNW La Union \ 17.XII.84-7.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 700m, FIT \ mixed evergr. forest”. 28 exx. ( CMNC), 30 exx. ( FMNH): “ CHILE: Malleco; Puren \ Contulmo Natur. Mon. \ 11.XII.84-13.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 350m \ mixed evergr. forest”. 6 exx. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: Valdivia \ 26 km SE Panguipulli \ 16.XII.84-11.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 300m, cartp \ Nothofagus remnant” . 1 ex. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: Lago Chapo \ 34 km E Pto. Montt \ 24.XII.84-2.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 300m, FIT \ 2nd growth Nothofagus ” . 1 ex. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: 11 km W Angol \ 9.XII.84-16.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 1000m \ carrion trap, boggy \ mixed forest remnant”. 5 exx. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: Palena Prov. \ 37 km SE Chaiten \ 28.XII.84-30.I.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 60m \ riverside 2nd forest”. 3 exx. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: Cautin ; 21km NE \ Pucon , Lago Caburga \ 15.XII.84-10.II.85 \ S&J Peck, FIT, 600m \ mixed forest remnant”. 5 exx. ( CMNC): “ CHILE: 45 km W Angol \ Nahuelbuta Nat. Pk. \ 9.XII.84-16.II.85 \ S&J Peck, 1400m, car. tp. \ Nothofagus-Araucaria For.”. 4 exx. ( CMNH): “Villarrica \ Cautin \ II-III-1979 \ Coll. L. E. Pena ”; “ CHILE ”; “CMNH Acc. \ No. 31811” . 1 ex. ( CMNH): “ Nahuelbuta \ Malleco \ II-III-1979 \ Coll. L. E. Pena ”; „ CHILE ”; “CMNH Acc. \ No. 31811”. 2 exx. ( DBET): “Chile, N. P. Puyehue, Anticura Sector \ Nothofahus forest, \ in litter. 10.01.2014 \ K. Eskov, R. Rakitov ”. 10 exx. ( DBET): “ Chile, Chiloe Is., Senda \ Darwin Biol. Station. \ Boggy Baccharis mator- \ ral, in Sphagnum, 27.12. \ 2013-4.01.14, K. Eskov ”. 28 exx. ( DBET): “ CHILE, Reg. X Chiloe \ Is. SE, 20 km NNW of Quellon, 216 m, 42.58, \ 73.45, 31 I 05, leg. Snižek ” . 1 ex. ( DBET): “ CHILE w, Reg. X \ SW of Los Muermos \ 50 m 41.30, 73.35 \ 28.I.2005, Snižek lgt.”. 6 exx. ( DBET): “ CHILE CW, reg. X \ W of LA UNION \ E of EL MIRADOR \ 27.1.2004 \ LGT. M. SNIŽEK” . 1 ex. ( DBET): “ CHILE W., Reg. X \ Purrangue 600 m \ W of Hueyusca \ 26.I.2005 M. Snižek ”. 3 exx. ( DBET): “ CHILE W, reg. X \ SW of PUERTO MONTT \ W of PARGUA \ 29.1.2004 \ LGT. M. SNIŽEK” . 1 ex. ( DBET): “ CHILE, reg. X \ S of CARIRRINGUE \ PANGUIPULLI \ 20.1.2004, LGT. M. SNIŽEK”. 4 exx. ( DBET): “ CHILE W, Reg. X Chiloe C, NW Castro \ San Pedro env. \ 2 II 2005, leg. Snižek ”. 3 exx. ( DBET): “ CHILE CW, reg. X \ NW of LA UNION \ St. ELISA env. \ 24.I.2004 \ LGT. M. SNIŽEK” . 1 ex. ( DBET): “ CHILE E, reg. X \ E of PUERTO MONTT \ SE of LAGO CHAPO \ 30.I.2004, LGT. M. SNIŽEK” . 1 ex. ( DBET): “ CHILE CW, reg. IX \ SE of NUEVA TOLTÉN \ BOROA CENTRAL \ 22.I.2004 \ LGT. SNIŽEK”. 7 exx. ( EMEC): “37°48’12’’S/73°01’28.5’’W \ CHILE, IX Region, vic. Nahuelbuta \ pitfall traps 7-25:i:2003 \ Colls. K. Will, S. Lew ”; “ Cyphon \ sp. \ det. J. E. Barriga ”; “ U. C. Berkeley \ EMEC 107088” [each specimen with individual number]. 2 exx. ( EMEC): “60- CHILE X REGION \ Oncol Park , Quitaqui Way Fog- \ ging 15:32 PM, 10.I. 2007, 519m \ 13°C, S39°42.071 / W73°18.547 \ Saxegothaea conspicua 45m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 1 ex. ( EMEC): “57- CHILE X REGION \ Punta Curiñanco , Fogging \ 14:41 PM, 09.I. 2007, 177m \ 16°C, S39°42.791 / W73°24.328 \ Aextoxicon punctatum 45 m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 1 ex. ( EMEC): “58.- CHILE X REGION \ Punta Curiñanco , Fogging \ 16:33 PM, 09.I. 2007, 115m \ 19°C S39°42.942 / W73°24.375 \ Aextoxicon punctatum 20m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 1 ex. ( EMEC): “72- CHILE X REGION \ La Estancilla, Fogging 14:02 PM, \ 15.I.2007, 62m 25°C, S39°50. \ 397/ W73°18.949 Nothofagus dom - \ beyi, 45m, Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 1 ex. ( EMEC): “46.- CHILE IX REGION \ Nahuelbuta NP exit, Pichinahuel \ Fogging 13:53 PM, 05.I.2007 \ 1238m 22°C, S37°49.041 / W \ 73°00.214, Araucaria araucana \ 15m \ Arias et al UC Berkeley”; “ Scirtidae \ Genero sp. 1 \ det. G. Arriagada 2007” . 2 males ( FMNH): “ Pichinahuel \ Arauco Chile \ 3-11- I-1977 \ Coll. L.E.Pena ”, “Collection \ Pena-Vidal” . 1 male ( FMNH): “ CHILE: Chiloé Pr. : Mira- \ flores, road to (0.6 km W \ Hwy 5), 130m, 42° \ 46.73’S, 73°47.71’W, \ 17.i.1997, secondary \ Valdivian rainforest;”, “beating flowering Cald- \ cluvia paniculata (Cun- \ oniaceae), A. Newton & \ M. Thayer 994 \ FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST.” . 4 males ( FMHN): “Chile”, “specimen orig. without \ labels in colln. but \ asociated with specimens \ bearing attached data”, CNHM \ Karl Brancsik colln. \ ex Eduard Knirsch ”. 3 exx. ( MHNG): “ CHILE: X Reg. Prov. Osorno \ PN Puyehue, Aguas \ Calientes, 400-500 m \ 31.XII.1990 - 1.I.1991 \ Agosti & Burckhardt #25b” . 1 ex. ( MHNG): “ CHILE: X Reg. Prov. Osorno \ PN Puyehue, Aguas \ Calientes, 400-500 m \ 31.XII.1990 - 1.I.1991 \ Agosti & Burckhardt #25a”. 5 exx. ( MHNG): “ CHILE: IX Reg. Prov. Cautin \ PN Huerquehue, 800 m \ 22-25.XII.1990, Valdivian \ lauriphyllous forest \ Agosti & Burckhardt #17b” . 1 male ( MNHN): “1361” [handwritten, without other labels] . 1 male ( MNHN): “1363” [handwritten], “ Elodes \? Rousselii Sol ” [handwritten] . 1 ex. ( NHM): “30 CHILE Chiloé \ Cucao : PN Chiloé \ Stream in tepú forest \ I. Ribera leg. 4.II.1999 ”; “BM 1999-195 \ 19.i.-9.ii.1999 ”. 12 exx. ( NMPC): “ CHILE, IX. r. 1.-3.2. \ 2005, Manzanar \ 38°28.071-71°41.873 \ 800m, Sv. Bilý leg.”. 6 exx. ( NMPC): “ CHILE, IX. r., 9.-11.2. \ 2005, P. N. Nahuelbuta \ 37°48.530-73°00.954 \ 1200m, Sv. Bilý leg.”. 10 exx. ( NMPC): “ CHILE, X. r., 6.2.2005 \ 45 km W of La Unión \ 40°12.784-73°23.462 \ 900m, Sv. Bilý leg.”. 3 exx. ( NMPC): “ CHILE, IX. r., 25.-31.1. \ 2005, P. N. Nahuelbuta \ 37°48.530-73°00.954 \ 1200m, Sv. Bilý leg.”. 2 exx. ( NMPC): “ CHILE, IX. r., 12.-14.2. \ 2005, Trm. de Tolhuaca \ 38°14.162-71°44.027 \ 900m, Sv. Bilý leg.”. 2 exx. ( SDEI): “Chile, coll. Kraatz ”, “ Pic det., Elodes var. velutina Sol. ”

Diagnosis. Posterolateral angles of pronotum broadly rounded; elytra covered with dense but small punctures; processes of trigonium shorter than pala, curved, with ca. 30 denticles on its margin; anterior portion of bursal sclerite with two crescent-like emarginations.

Description. Male. Body moderately large (TL 5.4–6.9 mm), elongate (TL/EW 1.8–1.9), widest in the middle of elytra, moderately convex. Colouration chestnut brown. Head ca. 1.4× wider than interocular space, convex, covered with dense, nearly confluent, granulate punctures, separated by ca. 0.1× diameter of a puncture; eyes moderately large, protuberant. Pronotum transverse (PW/PL 2.1–2.2), punctation on disc not granulate, sparse, punctures separated by ca. the diameter of a puncture, punctation on sides granulate, very dense, similar to that on head, lateral carinae of pronotum rounded, posterolateral angles widely rounded, anterolateral angles subtriangular. Elytra long, 4.3–4.8× longer than pronotum, 1.3–1.5× wider than pronotum; punctation irregular, dense, separated by ca. 0.5–1.0× diameter of a puncture. Aedeagus symmetrical, penis ( Fig. 21B ) large (L 1.27 mm, W 0.33 mm), dorsoventrally flattened; trigonium bifid, each process of trigonium curved, with ca. 30 denticles; parameroids subtriangular, digitiform in apical portion, slightly longer than processes of trigonium. Tegmen ( Fig. 21C ) large (L 1.2 mm, W 0.77 mm), subrectangular, with small, subtriangular lateral processes; ventral processes wide, each with two lobes (large suboval and small subtriangular one); parameres relatively wide, digitiform, densely covered with short setae. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 21D ) (L 0.67 mm, W 0.43 mm) widely v-shaped, with sparse setation at apex; sternite IX ( Fig. 21E ) (L 0.70 mm, W 0.50 mm) oval, consisting of two subtriangular hemisternites, apical portion covered with setae. Tergite VIII ( Fig. 21F ) large (L 0.87 mm, W 0.77 mm), apodemes shorter than apical plate, apical plate subtrapezoidal, apical margin rounded, with a row of sparse setae. Tergite IX ( Fig. 21G ) (L 0.63 mm, W 0.47 mm) with short apodemes, apical portion membranous, setation indistinct.

Female. Body of similar size (TL 5.60–6.30 mm), setation of dorsum dense, recumbent; head with coarse, confluent punctures; disc of pronotum more convex than in males; pronotal disc densely covered with small, not granulate punctures, separated by ca. the diameter of a puncture, lateral sides of pronotum with coarse, confluent, granulate punctures, similar to those on head; punctures on elytra small, separated by ca. 1.0–2.0× diameter of a puncture; adscutellar area of elytra slightly depressed; ovipositor long (L 3.7 mm, Fig. 22A ), without branchlets, coxites subtriangular, elongated, apices of coxites with numerous short setae, styli apical, with two single patches of sensillae, bursal sclerite (L 1.7 mm, W 0.5 mm) elongate, anterior portion with two crescent-like emarginations ( Fig. 22C ).

Measurements and ratios. Males (n = 10) TL 5.40–6.90 mm (6.10 mm), PL 1.00– 1.30 mm (1.1 mm), PW 2.10–2.80 mm (2.4 mm), EL 4.60–5.80 mm (5.0 mm), EW 3.00– 3.90 mm (3.3 mm), TL/EW 1.8–1.9 (1.8), PW/PL 2.1–2.2 (2.2), EL/EW 1.4–1.6 (1.5), EL/PL 4.3–4.8 (4.5), EW/PW 1.3–1.5 (1.4). Females (n = 10) TL 5.60–6.30 mm (6.0 mm), PL 1.00– 1.25 mm (1.1 mm), PW 2.40–2.70 mm (2.5 mm), EL 4.60–5.20 mm (4.9 mm), EW 3.00– 3.50 mm (3.3 mm), TL/EW 1.7–1.9 (1.8), PW/PL 2.1–2.5 (2.3), EL/EW 1.4–1.6 (1.6), EL/PL 4.0–4.8 (4.7), EW/PW 1.3–1.4 (1.3).

Distribution. A very common species, recorded from the following regions of Chile: Bío Bío, Araucanía, Los Ríos, and Los Lagos ( Fig. 24D ).

Biology. The species occurs in Valdivian temperate forests with Aextoxicon punctatum , Araucaria araucana , Nothofagus dombeyi , and Saxegothaea conspicua . One of the specimens was collected on a flowering Caldcluvia paniculata (Cav.) D. Don. A description of a plausible larva of M. velutinus was published by Ruta et al. (2018). In the original description, Solier (1849) noted that M. velutinus was collected together with Solierodes rousseli .

Figures

FIGURE 10. Mucronotus gen. nov., dorsal view. A) M. enigmaticus sp. nov., male; B) M. enigmaticus, female; C) M. pat- agonicus sp. nov., male; D) M. schwabei (Pic), male; E) M. schwabei (Pic), female; F) M. valdivianus sp. nov., male; G) M. valdivianus sp. nov., female; H) M. velutina (Solier), male; I) M. velutina (Solier), female. Scale bar = 2.0 mm

FIGURE 11. Mucronotus gen. nov., ventral portion of head, prosternum and mesoventrite.A) M. schwabei (Pic); B) M. velutina (Solier).

FIGURE 12. Mucronotus velutinus (Solier), mouthparts. A) mandible; B) labium;C) maxilla.

FIGURE 13. Mucronotus gen. nov., pronotum. A) M. enigmaticus sp. nov., male; B) M. enigmaticus sp. nov., female; C) M. patagonicus sp. nov., male, D) M. schwabei (Pic), male, E) M. valdivianus sp. nov., male, F) M. velutinus (Solier), male.

FIGURE 21. Mucronotus velutinus (Solier), male.A) terminal segments and genitalia; B) penis; C) tegmen; D) sternite VIII; E) sternite IX; F) tergite VIII; G) tergite IX. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 22. Mucronotus velutinus (Solier), female genitalia (gla—gland, bscl—bursal sclerite, bsl—bursella).A) genital tract; B) gland and bursella; C) bursal sclerite; D) bursellar membrane, close-up; E) glandular membrane, close-up. Abbreviations: bscl—bursal sclerite, bsl—bursella, cr—cuticular rings, gla—gland. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B), 0.5 mm (C), figures D and E not to the scale.

FIGURE 24. Distribution of Mucronotus gen. nov. A) M. enigmaticus sp. nov. (blue dots) and M. patagonicus sp. nov. (red dots); B) M. schwabei (Pic); C) M. valdivianus sp. nov.; D) M. velutinus (Solier).