Sundaoodes, Guéorguiev & Liang, 2020

Guéorguiev, Borislav & Liang, Hongbin, 2020, Revision of the Palaearctic and Oriental representatives of Lachnocrepis LeConte and Oodes Bonelli (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with special account on Chinese species, Zootaxa 4850 (1), pp. 1-89 : 38-39

Sundaoodes gen. n.

Type species: Oodes hainanensis sp. n., by present designation.

Diagnosis. The species belonging to this genus possess the following character states:

(1) Mentum tooth with apex rounded;

(2) Submentum with medial and lateral setiferous punctures;

(3) Pronotum without setiferous punctures at basal margin;

(4) Abdominal ventrite 3 with ambulatory setae;

(5) Male protarsomere 3 rectangular, with subparallel sides;

(6) Basal bulb of median lobe closed dorsally, with apical aileron;

(7) Basal bulb of median lobe elongate and narrowed;

(8) Sclerite of internal sac of median lobe short, without distal extension;

(9) Spermatheca well-differentiated into short and wide receptaculum and long seminal canal;

(10) Spermathecal gland connected at apex of receptaculum.

Description. Microsculpture and micropunctuation. Dorsal surface of head, pronotum and elytra with regular micropunctuation and isodiametric meshes well impressed which together form “punctate rosettes” microreticulation, micropunctuation larger on head than on pronotum and elytra; ventral surface without regular micropunctuation, with reduced sculpticells. Chaetotaxy. Labrum with six more or less equidistant setae, lateral two are slightly remote from medial four. Clypeal setae present. Anterior supraorbital seta absent. Ventral seta of antennomere 2 located in apical half. Anterior seta of stipes present. Setae on apical margin of ligula distant. Penultimate labial palpomere glabrous. Parascutellar seta on elytron present. Elytral interval 3 with two discal setiferous punctures situated closer to stria 2, first situated in medial third, second in posterior third. Mesocoxa with lateral and posterior setae; mesotrochanter with one seta. Hind femur without posterior setae. Last visible sternite with two apical punctures in male, four in female. Basal gonocoxite with lateroapical setae, without or with medioapical setae. Apical gonocoxite with two dorsolateral ensiform setae; dorsomedial ensiform seta present, located near base or near middle; nematiform setae present, located near apex. Head. Eye large (vertical diameter greater than length of antennomere 1), prominent. Anterior margin of labrum straight. Antenna long, with last two segments exceeding pronotal base. Mandibles large, convex. Last two maxillary palpomeres of subequal length. Paraglossa long, not expanded. Thorax. Pronotum with anterior angles rounded, slightly projected anteriorly; base moderately sinuate. Prosternal process ovate, with apex rounded or rhomboidal, with border nearly complete or significantly reduced. Mesosternum deeply concave; mesepisternum without apodemal pit; mesocoxal rim entire. Elytra. Parascutellar striola more or less distinct, situated between suture and stria 1; stria 7 as distinct as medial striae. Granulation in marginal furrow continuous. Legs. Metacoxal basal sulcus extending to lateral fifth. Male mesotibia moderately modified, with a swelling in apical half. Meso- and metatarsomeres 1–4 in both sexes and protarsomeres 1–4 in female without long and dense pubescence on ventral surface. Male front tarsomeres 1–3 with numerous adhesive setae beneath; adhesive setae covering apical three-fourths of tarsomere 1. Male genitalia. Basal bulb of median lobe long and narrow. Ostium not reaching basal bulb. Internal sac with a large sclerite situated in apical half. Female genitalia. Apical gonocoxite elongate. Bursa copulatrix subconical; spermatheca moderately long, differentiated; seminal canal twisted or not apically; spermathecal gland connected at apex of receptaculum, with or without atrium; common oviduct with villous canal.

Monophyly and relationships. The species of this genus have in common two unique synapomorphies suggesting that the genus, as presently conceived, forms a clade, (1) unusually long and narrow basal bulb of median lobe, and (2) spermathecal canal attached to receptaculum terminal part.

Species of Sundaoodes and Oodes share two derived traits of importance: pronotum without setiferous punctures at the basal margin and male protarsomere 3 with parallel sides (these traits are represented by their opposite, plesiomorphic states in the taxa of Pseudoodes and Nothoodes ). This sharing does not indicate a close relationships between the two genera since both traits are independently derived synapomorphies.Absence of pronotal basal setae is likely convergent in the two genera since this character state occurs also in Pseudoodes coelestinus . The nature of similarity in the shape of the male protarsomere 3 is most likely also a result of parallel evolution. The species of Sundaoodes and Oodes differ from each other in a set of features (see “Monophyly and relationships” under Oodes Bonelli, 1810 ).

Both species of this genus are rather different from each other by a number of morphological features suggesting that they have differentiated a rather long time ago.

Etymology. A compound name refering to the Sundaland biogeographical region and the genus name Oodes of Greek origin. The name is treated as a Latin masculine.

Geographical distribution and diversity. The group includes two species, S. hainanensis from Cambodia and Hainan Island, China, and S. kalimantanensis from Borneo Island, Indonesia.