Prodasineura kong, Phan & Ngo, 2020

Phan, Quoc Toan & Ngo, Quoc Phu, 2020, A revision of the systematics and distribution of the damselfly genus Prodasineura Cowley, 1934 (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae) in Vietnam with description of two new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 650, pp. 1-27 : 13-17

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2020.650
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3EAB8173-2208-43AC-84E1-AFCE8B9376AD
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853282
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6BEEA763-7AFB-4426-B919-024387DEC48E
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:6BEEA763-7AFB-4426-B919-024387DEC48E
treatment provided by	Valdenar
scientific name	Prodasineura kong
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Prodasineura kong sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6BEEA763-7AFB-4426-B919-024387DEC48E

Figs 9A View Fig , C–D, 10 View Fig A–B, 11 View Fig A, C, E, 12 View Fig A–B, 13 View Fig C–D, 14 View Fig A–B, 15 View Fig A, 16 View Fig C, 18 View Fig

Diagnosis

Male very similar to those of P. croconota and P. verticalis but differing in following characters: large transversal stripe on dorsal surface of head ( Fig. 9A View Fig ), interrupted centrally, not connecting, covering anterior ocellus as in P. verticalis ( Fig. 6E View Fig ) (with small spots in P. croconota , Fig. 6A View Fig ); antehumeral stripe narrow ( Fig. 9A View Fig ), not large shield-shaped as in P. croconota and P. verticalis ( Fig. 6 View Fig C–D). In fully mature specimens, paraprocts of P. verticalis entirely black ( Fig. 7 View Fig D–E) while yellow apically in P. kong sp. nov. ( Fig. 9C View Fig ). Cerci distinctly different in shape ( Fig. 9C, E View Fig ). Cerci, paraprocts yellow or bluish (except for black ventral side of cerci and base of paraprocts) in P. croconota ( Fig. 7 View Fig A–B). Structure of posterior pronotal lobe of female prothorax somewhat similar to that in P. croconota ( Fig. 13A, D View Fig ) with two short, robust horns, unlike two long horns of P. verticalis ( Fig. 13 View Fig G–H). Prodasineura kong sp. nov. similar to P. lancastrei sp. nov. by sharing same character of narrow antehumeral stripe on male synthorax, but males differ very much in structure of appendages, wing colouration. Females differ in structure of posterior pronotal lobe (see Diagnosis for P. lancastrei sp. nov.).

Etymology

The new species is named after the giant ape Kong since it was discovered at the filming location of the American monster film “Kong: Skull Island”, in Tu Lan Caves System of Quang Binh Province, central Vietnam. A noun in apposition.

Material examined

Holotype

VIETNAM • ♂; Quang Binh Province, Minh Hoa District, Tan Hoa Commune ; 17.776° N, 106.0701° E; 144 m a.s.l.; 18 Jul. 2019; Q.T. Phan & Q.P. Ngo leg.; ZCDTU 2019071811-ODO .

GoogleMaps

Paratypes (9 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀)

VIETNAM – Quang Binh Province • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; 14 Apr. 2016; Q.T. Phan leg.; ZCDTU 2016041412-ODO GoogleMaps • 5 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; ZCDTU 2019071812-18-ODO GoogleMaps . – Bac Kan Province • 2 ♂♂; Ba Be District, Cho Ra Commune ; 22.444° N, 105.846° E; 25 Jun. 2014; T. Kompier leg.; RMNH GoogleMaps . – Cao Bang Province • 1 ♂; Cao Bang City ; 22.681° N, 106.273° E; 20 May 2015; T. Kompier leg.; RMNH GoogleMaps .

Description

Male ( Figs 9 View Fig A–C, 10A–B, 12A, 14A, 15A)

MEASUREMENTS. Hind wing 20 mm, abdomen (including appendages) 31 mm.

HEAD. Labrum, mandible, genae, anteclypeus dark red except for upper genae; upper genae black. Space between eye margins, genae shining black ( Fig. 9A View Fig ). Frontal, dorsal surfaces of head, including postclypeus, antennae, matt black except for large orange transverse stripe running from eye margins across anterior ocellus ( Fig. 12A View Fig ).

THORAX. Prothorax black with orange markings on distal margin of each pronotal lobe as follows: thin stripe on anterior lobe, small spots on posterior lobe, large oval spot on middle pronotal lobe ( Fig. 9A View Fig ). Propleuron entirely black. Synthorax black with narrow orange antehumeral stripe; two other distinct stripes: paler orange on metepisternum, yellowish on lower margin of metepimeron ( Fig. 9A View Fig ).

LEGS. Mostly black except for some small dark yellow spots on coxa, trochanter, femur; flexor surface of tibia dark yellowish.

WINGS. Completely hyaline, Px 16, 14 in forewings, hindwings respectively. Pterostigma black ( Fig. 10A View Fig ).

ABDOMEN. Mostly black except: yellow triangular spots on lower margins of S1; yellowish bands on ventro-lateral surfaces of S2; small spot on anterior margin of S3, whitish spot on dorsal anterior margin of S4–7; S8–10 entirely black ( Fig. 14A View Fig ).

ANAL APPENDAGES. Typical of members of genus Prodasineura with cerci hammer-like shaped; paraprocts broad at base, tapering abruptly to rounded tip; cerci black excepted tip dark yellowish; paraprocts black at base; remain yellowish ( Fig. 9 View Fig C–D).

GENITAL LIGULA. Latero-apically with two robust flagella with pointed tips; subbasal shorter flagellum, expanding apically as rounded lobe ( Fig. 10B View Fig ).

Female ( Figs 11A, C, E View Fig , 12B View Fig , 13 View Fig C–D, 14B)

MEASUREMENTS. Hindwing 20.5 mm, abdomen (including appendages) 31 mm.

HEAD Figs 11A View Fig , 12B View Fig . Labrum yellowish with black dot beneath upper margin; mandibles, genae yellowish except for small black dot near anteclypeus; yellow colour extends from compound eyes just over postclypeus to level of base of antennae; antennae black; anteclypeus dark yellowish; postclypeus yellow with two separated black spots, black stripe centrally. Antennae black except for second segment, yellowish anteriorly. Front, rear of head black with large transverse yellowish stripe at level of anterior ocellus.

THORAX Figs 11A View Fig , 13 View Fig C–D. Prothorax black, laterally yellowish, forming large oval stripe on middle pronotal lobe. In dorso-oblique view, posterior lobe with pair of raised robust anterior projections, two ear-like processes ( Fig. 13 View Fig C–D). In dorsal view, projections sharply curving upward ( Fig. 13D View Fig ). Synthorax black with three yellow stripes ( Fig. 11A View Fig ).

LEGS. Coxae yellowish with large outer black spot; trochanter yellow with flexor side black; tibia, tarsus, claws black.

WINGS Fig. 14B View Fig . Hyaline, forewings slightly longer than hindwings, Px 15, 13 in forewings, hindwings respectively. Pterostigma brown.

ABDOMEN Figs 11C, E View Fig , 14B View Fig . Black with yellowish pattern: S1 with heart-shaped spot on lateral sides; S2 with narrow yellowish stripes along lower margins; ventro-lateral halves of S3–6 brown-yellowish with oval yellowish spot on anterior margin of each segments; S7 dark brownish and S8–9 black with yellowish stripe on lower margin; dorsal side of S8 with oval yellow spot posteriorly but extending to mid-dorsally on S9; lower margin of S10 black but with yellowish marking dorsally ( Fig. 11C View Fig ).

APPENDAGES. Yellowish except for lower margin of cerci; cerci dark brownish; ovipositor black, distal end yellowish ( Fig. 11C, E View Fig ).

Variation in male and female paratypes

Paratypes from Bac Kan with some orange on dorsum of cerci; male from type location with incomplete transverse band between compound eyes over anterior ocellus. Male from Cao Bang with small orange

spot on posterodorsal corner of propleuron. Other male paratypes from type location provided no significant differential features from holotype male. Compound eyes bright red in living male ( Fig. 15A View Fig ). Stripes on male synthorax bright orange in life ( Fig. 15A View Fig ), but stripe on lower margin of metepimeron becoming yellowish after acetone treatment in holotype ( Fig. 9A View Fig ).

MEASUREMENTS. Hind wing 20–21 mm, abdomen (including appendages) 30–31 mm.

Distribution

Vietnam ( Fig. 18 View Fig ): Cao Bang (Cao Bang City), Bac Kan (Ba Be District) and Quang Binh (Minh Hoa District) Provinces.

Habitat and ecology

The new species was collected in Quang Binh from an open stream (about 3–6 m wide) with fast running water a low limestone mountain area ( Fig. 16B View Fig ). This species usually flies over the surface of water, fighting with two other species of Prodasineura present, for occupation of the habitat near the border of the stream, the blue P. coerulescens and the dark P. autumnalis .

RMNH	Netherlands, Leiden, Nationaal Natuurhistorische Museum ("Naturalis") [formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie]
RMNH	National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis