Bia peruana Röber

Penz, Carla M., Casagrande, Mirna M., Devries, Phil & Simonsen, Thomas J., 2017, Documenting diversity in the Amazonian butterfly genus Bia (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), Zootaxa 4258 (3), pp. 201-237 : 223

Bia peruana Röber

( Figs 9 a–e, 11g, 12)

Diagnostic re-description. General characters as described for the genus. Defined by the following combination of characters: (1) MF DFW white apical ocelli medium-small. (2) MF DFW orange band moderately wide to very thin and diffuse ( Peru, Chuchurras). (3) M DFW iridescent band absent or very small, at tornus only. F DFW iridescent band similar in size to that of rebeli , but slightly more diffuse. (4) M DFW androconial organ on the CuA-CuA1- CuA2 intersection pale, contrasting scale color of surrounding area. (5) M DHW discal androconial pad off white to cream. (6) M DHW discal hairpencil light brown to cream. (7) F VFW ripple pattern of the postmedial area similar to that of M (but only one female was examined). (8) M DHW with conspicuous blue iridescence that varies from being divided in three segments that do not expand into the discal cell ( Peru, Pucallpa ), to a solid spot that expands into the discal cell (other localities). F DHW with diffuse blue iridescence in the same wing area. Male genitalia: Fig. 11 g. The two dissected males differ in the shape and length of the tegumen in lateral view, and also the shapes of the uncus, gnathos and valva. The valva tip is narrow, and the spiny projection is long—both morphological features are shared with rebeli from the same geographical region.

Type material. Lectotype M ( Fig. 1 b), deposited at SMT, seven labels separated by // and transcribed verbatim: Chanchamayo , Peru // Lectotype Bia actorion peruana Röber, 1904 By G. Lamas '94 // Co type // Staatl. Museum für Tierkunde Dresden // Stauding. & Bang-Haas Dresden, Ankauf 1961 // GART specimen ID: 0 2420 Exemplar + Etiketten dokumentiert specimen + label data documented 2003 // Dre-01-10. Genitalia dissected and examined by TJS. See also http://butterfliesofamerica.com/L/t/ Bia _a.htm (last accessed 30 August 2016) .

Distribution and examined specimens. Fig. 12 and Appendix.

Remarks. We found some variation in the size of the iridescent patch on both the male and female hind wings (compare Figs 9 a, c and e; and also 9b and d). Furthermore, some specimens have color patterns that might suggest some interspecific hybridization. For example, unlike the typical peruana , the specimen in Fig. 9 c has a small iridescent spot at the dorsal forewing tornus (similar to what has been observed for actorion and decaerulea , see above). Moreover , unlike the typical rebeli , the specimen in Fig. 9 f has a faint iridescent patch on the dorsal hind wing. Finally , a male from Pachitea ( Peru, Huánuco; MfN collection; Fig. 9 c) has been labeled as, but never officially designated, lectotype of B. actorion atalanta (a synonym of peruana ). It was dissected by Lee Miller (dissection number: 9264), and it has a particularly narrow valva tip.

Figures

FIGURE 1. a, iconotype of Bia actorion; b, lectotype of Bia peruana (SMT); c, holotype of Bia actorion rebeli (NRM); d, male and female Bia actorion showing characters used in the diagnoses (see Methods for explanation). Codes: 1 — DFW white apical ocelli, 2 — DFW orange band, 3 — DFW iridescent band, 4 — DFW androconial scales at the CuA-CuA 1 - CuA 2 intersection, 5 — DHW discal androconial pad, 6 — DHW discal hairpencil, 7 — VFW ripple pattern of the postmedial area.

FIGURE 9. Adults in dorsal and ventral views. Taxon names appear below each set. Bia peruana: a, male, Peru, Pasco, Chuchurras (NHMUK); b, female, Peru, Pasco, Chuchurras (FLMNH); c, male, Peru, Pasco, Pachitea (MfN); d, female, Peru, Pasco, Pachitea (NHMUK); e, male, Peru, Ucayali, Pucallpa (ZSM). Intermediate between rebeli and peruana: f, male, Peru, Ucayali, Jepelacio (NHMUK).

FIGURE 11. Genitalia. a, male actorion, Guyana (dissection Penz 12 - 01, CMNH); b, female actorion, Guyana (dissection Penz 10 - 02, LACM; scale bar different from male illustrations); c, male decaerulea, Lectotype, Brazil, Pará, Faro, (dissection Miller 9047, MfN); d, male rebeli, Peru, San Martín (dissection Penz 10 - 08, USNM); e, male caelestis, paratype, Brazil, Amazonas, São Paulo de Olivença (dissection Penz 10 - 29, CMNH); f, male pucallpa, Peru, Pucallpa (USUSNM 2041410); g, male peruana, Peru, Huanuco, Rio Pichis (dissection Penz 09 - 06, FLMNH).

FIGURE 12. Map showing collection localities of Bia species and subspecies (see Appendix). Some close localities are represented by one single dot. Dubious label data, localities that could not be accurately identified or were incomplete (e. g., Brazil, Pará) were not placed on map.