Cheiloneurus socrates, Noyes, 2023

Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) 2 (11), pp. 1-921 : 227-228

Cheiloneurus socrates sp.nov.

( Figs 561-566)

DIAGNOSIS. Female (length about 1.5mm): body generally black with a weak metallic sheen on frontovertex; mesoscutum with uniformly distributed translucent, silvery setae; fore wing ( Fig. 562) hyaline; fore coxa white; head about 4.8X as wide as frontovertex; antenna ( Fig. 561) with pedicel very nearly as long as F1-F2 combined; all funicle segments clearly longer than broad; linear sensilla on F4-F6; clava very slightly shorter than F3-F6 combined, apex more or less narrowly rounded; mandible with 3 acute teeth, upper teeth short; mesoscutum ( Fig. 564) with longitudinally elongate, lineolate striate-reticulate sculpture, medially and posteriorly distinctly cellular, cells rounded near posterior margin; scutellum with longitudinally elongate, striate sculpture; scutellum without a subapical tuft of setae; fore wing ( Fig. 562) about 2.5X as long as broad; parastigma slightly swollen and slightly downcurved; stigmal vein ( Fig. 563) with 3 campaniform sensilla at apex; gaster with “glands” on Gt1 and Gt5, those on Gt1 separated by slightly more than their own lengths, those on Gt5 separated by a little less than 0.2X their own lengths; syntergum about as long as broad. Male: unknown.

Female (holotype): length, including ovipositor, 1.45mm; excluding ovipositor, 1.40mm ( CPD) .

Head black with a weak, dark, metallic green sheen on frontovertex with slight purplish reflections, slightly coppery in ocellar area and near occipital margin; scrobal area largely with a distinct, deep, purple sheen, otherwise metallic dark green; lower part of interantennal prominence and near mouth margin dull metallic blue-green, mouth margin coppery purple; frontovertex with inconspicuous dark brown setae; temple adjacent to eye metallic green; posterior part of temple and gena purple, mixed coppery; antenna ( Fig. 561) with radicle dark brown; scape white margined dark brown; pedicel dark brown, white in apical half; flagellum dark brown; thorax mostly dark brown to black, pronotum with a dull purple sheen; mesoscutum largely similar to pronotum but anterolaterally more shiny and with a dull dark blue sheen; mesoscutum with more or less uniformly distributed, weakly translucent, silvery setae; tegula dark brown; scutellum clothed with dark brown setae, virtually matt, with a weak purple-brown sheen, sides narrowly with a moderate dark blue sheen; metanotum with slight purple sheen; mesopleuron dark purple brown; fore coxa white; fore femur and tibia white to pale orange, tibia slightly dusky subbasally; mid coxa dark brown, slightly metallic; mid femur white to pale orange with an interrupted, subapical, brown ring; mid tibia white with a brown subbasal band, spur white; hind coxa dark brown, slightly metallic; hind femur dark brown, extreme apices white; hind tibia dark brown, extreme base and distal one-third or so white; fore tarsi pale dusky orange; mid and hind tarsi white to very pale yellow; pretarsi brownish; fore wing ( Fig. 562) completely hyaline, venation pale yellow-brown; propodeum dark purple-brown; sides very weakly metallic green with conspicuous silvery setae in spiracular area; gaster dark purple-brown, Gt1 with a small metallic blue-green area medially; remainder of gaster mixed purple and brassy; gonostylus dark brown.

Head about 4.8X as wide as frontovertex, in profile about 1.4X as high as deep and subtriangular; occipital margin more or less rounded, occiput with a shallow groove from middle of occipital margin to foramen; ocelli forming an angle of about 50°; frontovertex slightly shiny, with conspicuous reticulate sculpture of mesh size in ocellar area generally slightly larger than diameter of eye facet, smaller in front of anterior ocellus; scrobes, interantennal prominence and mouth margin with shallower sculpture; temple and gena with distinct irregular, reticulate sculpture, of larger mesh than frontovertex and distinctly elongate posteriorly; scrobes shallow, not meeting, dorsal and lateral margins weakly rounded; antenna as in Fig. 561; scape hardly broadened and flattened, about 4.5X as long as broad; all funicle segments clearly longer than broad, linear sensilla present only on F4-F6; clava hardly shorter than F3-F6 combined, sutures not oblique, sensory area small and at apex only giving it a rounded or slightly truncate appearance; eye slightly overreaching occipital margin and naked; inner eye margins slightly converging anteriorly so that frontovertex is narrowest just above scrobes; malar sulcus absent; mandible with three acute teeth, upper teeth short. Relative measurements: HW 62, HH 57, FV 13, OD 5, POL 7.5, OOL 0.5, OCL 9.5, AOL 10, EL 37, EW 33, MS 28, SL 27, SW 6.

Thorax ( Fig. 564) with shallow, irregular, polygonally reticulate sculpture on pronotum, generally of mesh size a little smaller than diameter of facet; mesoscutum with striate-reticulate sculpture that is slightly deeper than that on pronotum and much more longitudinally elongate, clearly cellular with cells more rounded near posterior margin; sculpture on axilla similar to that on pronotum; sculpture on scutellum of similar depth to that on mesoscutum but finer and striate, apex and sides very narrowly completely smooth; visible part of mesoscutum about 1.7X as broad as long; scutellum about 1.25X as broad as long, without a subapical tuft, longest subapical setae about 0.4X as long as scutellum; hind femur about 3.5X as long as broad; fore wing with venation and setation as in Figs 562, 563; costal cell with 8 or 9 setae dorsally at apex; propodeum ( Fig. 564) with numerous setae in spiracular area, side naked, medially about 0.1X as long as scutellum and with a small area of fine, very shallow, polygonally reticulate sculpture. Relative measurements: FWL 73.5, FWW 29.5; HWL 53, HWW 13.

Gaster with hypopygium reaching about half way towards apex; “glands” ( Fig. 566) present on Gt1 and Gt5, those on Gt1 separated by slightly more than their own lengths, those on Gt5 separated by a little less than 0.2X their own lengths; ovipositor ( Fig. 565) hardly exserted, the exserted part about 0.4X as long as mid tibial spur or about 0.15X as long as mid tibia; last tergite about as long as mid tibia. Relative measurements: OL 55, GL 14 [MT 32].

Variation. Only holotype examined.

Male. Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica.

HOSTS. Unknown.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.

Type material. Holotype E: COSTA RICA, Puntarenas, Res. Priv. Karen Mogensen, 9°52’N 95°03’W, 305m, 14-15.ii.2005 (J.S. Noyes) . Holotype in NHMUK .