Sinolipeurus, Gustafsson & Lei & Chu & Zou, 2020

Gustafsson, Daniel R., Lei, Lujia, Chu, Xingzhi & Zou, Fasheng, 2020, Review of Chinese species of the Oxylipeurus - complex (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae), with descriptions of two new genera and five new species, Zootaxa 4742 (2), pp. 201-255 : 229

Sinolipeurus new genus

Type species: Oxylipeurus tetraophasis Clay, 1938 .

Diagnosis. Sinolipeurus n. gen. is most similar to Reticulipeurus , sharing the following characters: (1) at least some abdominal plates with reticulation (extent variable among species); (2) antero-lateral corners of mesosome with hooked extensions; (3) distal margin of mesosome rugose; (4) gonopore originating in proximal end of mesosome; (5) similar structure of male genitalia; (6) frons rounded; (7) male scape and pedicel much enlarged; (8) tergopleurites II–VIII medianly separated in the male (female of Sinolipeurus is unknown); (9) male subgenital plate formed by fusion of sternal plates VIII–IX+X. However, Sinolipeurus can be separated from Reticulipeurus by the characters given above, under the diagnosis of Reticulipeurus .

Description.

Male. Head broad, frons rounded ( Fig. 19 ). Marginal carina uninterrupted. Dorsal preantennal suture absent. Extensive internal thickenings present posterior to marginal carina across most of head. Head chaetotaxy as in Fig. 19 and 95 ; as2–3 clearly dorsal; avs3 situated far anterior, near vsms1–2; mds absent; mts3 macroseta; s2, s4, s6 absent, sizes as in Fig. 95 . Coni short. Antennae presumably sexually dimorphic, but female unknown; male antennae as in Figs 31–21 , scape and pedicel large, scape with triangular tooth-like projection; flagellomere I with hook-like extension distally and may have rugose area. Eyes not prominent. Gular plate indistinct.

Prothorax with 1 dorsal anterior seta (pdas), 1 pronotal marginal-lateral seta (pmls) and 1 pronotal postspiracular seta (ppss) on each side. Pterothorax with 1 anterior and 1 posterior submarginal meso-metanotal seta (asmns and psmns, respectively), 1 pterothoracic trichoid seta (ptrs) and 1 pterothoracic thorn-like seta (pths) on each side. Marginal pterothoracic setae in two discrete clusters on each side ( Fig. 19 ). Leg chaetotaxy as in Fig. 91 ; cII-a3 and cIII-a3 dorsal. Postero-lateral corners of pterothorax not extended into horns.

Abdomen rather stout, reticulation visible only on sternal plates ( Fig. 19 ). Tergopleurites II–VIII medianly separate, tergopleurite IX+X medianly continuous, not fused with tergopleurite XI. Inter-tergal plates absent. Sternal plates present on segments II–VII. Accessory sternal plate present lateral to subgenital plate on segment IX+X. Subgenital plate formed by fusion of sternal plates VIII and IX+X, distal end extended to terminal end of abdomen, underlying slender, spatulate, and centrally arising stylus ( Figs 86–87 ).

Male genitalia as in Figs 63–68 . Basal apodeme broad, proximal end diffuse. Mesosome large, seemingly separate from basal apodeme; antero-laterally with prominent hook-shaped extensions on each side; proximal mesosome variable in shape ( Figs 65, 68 ); distally bilobed with extensive rugose nodi; postero-laterally with secondary rugose nodi. Gonopore arising in proximal end of mesosome, not reaching distal margin; in anterior end associated with large ventral sclerite with recurving lateral ends; 2–3 small pores on gonopore on each side. Parameres S-shaped, slender ( Figs 64, 67 ); pst 1 in proximal half, pst2 subapical.

Female. Unknown.

Host distribution. Species of Sinolipeurus are parasitic on members of the genera Tetraophasis Elliot, 1871 and Tragopan . These two bird genera form a clade together with Lophophorus Temminck, 1813 in the family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes ( Meng et al. 2008; Liu et al. 2014).

Geographical range. China.

Etymology. Sinolipeurus is constructed from “ Sinae “, Latin for “Chinese”, referring to the known geographical range of the two species included in the genus, and the name of the related genus Lipeurus Nitzsch, 1818 . Gender: masculine.

Figures

FIGURE 91. Sinolipeurus sichuanensis new species ex Tragopan temminckii. Chaetotaxy of male legs, dorsal and ventral views.

FIGURES 19–20. Male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 19, Sinolipeurus tetraophasis (Clay, 1938) ex Tetraophasis obscurus. 20, Sinolipeurus sichuanensis new species ex Tragopan temminckii. Legs have been rotated for clarity.

FIGURES 92–95. Male dorsal temporal chaetotaxy. 92, Cataphractomimus mirapelta new species ex Lophophorus lhuysii. 93, Reticulipeurus robustus (Rudow, 1869) ex Lophura nycthemera. 94, Megalipeurus sinensis new species ex Arborophila gingica. 95, Sinolipeurus tetraophasis (Clay, 1938) ex Tetraophasis obscurus. Reticulation, antennae, coni, nodi, and carinae omitted for clarity. Exact position and size of setae differ slightly among species in each genus. Abbreviations: mts1–5 = marginal temporal setae 1–5; os = ocular setae; pas = preantennal seta; pns = post-nodal seta; pos = pre-ocular seta; pts = posttemporal seta; s1–7 = sensilla 1–7. Figures drawn at different scales.

FIGURES 29–32. Male antennae. 29, Reticulipeurus ithaginis (Clay, 1938) ex Ithaginis cruentus. 30, Megalipeurus sinensis new species ex Arborophila gingica. 31, Sinolipeurus tetraophasis (Clay, 1938) ex Tetraophasis obscurus. 32, Sinolipeurus sichuanensis new species ex Tragopan temminckii. All figures drawn to same scale.

FIGURES 85–87. Male terminalia, ventral views. 85, Megalipeurus sinensis new species ex Arborophila gingica. 86, Sinolipeurus tetraophasis (Clay, 1938) ex Tetraophasis obscurus. 87, Sinolipeurus sichuanensis new species ex Tragopan temminckii.

FIGURES 57–68. Male genitalia. 57–59, Reticulipeurus ithaginis (Clay, 1938) ex Ithaginis cruentus. 57, full genitalia, dorsal view. 58, paramere, dorsal view. 59, mesosome, ventral view. 60–62, Megalipeurus sinensis new species ex Arborophila gingica. 60, genitalia, dorsal view. 61, paramere, dorsal view. 62, mesosome, ventral view (the V-shaped sclerite is internal, but here is drawn with complete lines to illustrate shape and structure). 63–65, Sinolipeurus tetraophasis (Clay, 1938) ex Tetraophasis obscurus. 63, genitalia, dorsal view. 64, paramere, dorsal view. 65, mesosome, ventral view. 66–68, Sinolipeurus sichuanensis new species ex Tragopan temminckii. 66, genitalia, dorsal view. 67, paramere, dorsal view. 68, mesosome, ventral view. All figures drawn to same scale. Abbreviations: pst1–2 = parameral setae 1–2.