Syringogaster fapeam, Rafael & Câmara & Holanda, 2011

Rafael, J. A., Câmara, J. T. & Holanda, M. J. A., 2011, A new species of Syringogastridae (Diptera, Acalyptratae) from the Amazon Basin and new records for Brazil, Zootaxa 3014 (1), pp. 26-34 : 27-29

Syringogaster fapeam n. sp.

( Figs. 1–10 )

Description. Holotype male ( Fig. 1 ). Head yellow except black ocellar tubercle, orange frons, red eyes, and yellow to brown flagellum. Head gray pruinose in yellow area. Vertex almost straight, aligned with posterior border of eyes in dorsal view. Ocellar tubercle shiny, with a pair of proclinate and divergent bristles. Ocellar triangle shiny medially, and gray-brown pruinose laterally and ventrally near antenna. Pedicel medial surface shiny. Parafacial with three light-brown and inconspicuous setulae near vibrissal angle. Gena narrow, with no row of fine bristles. Hypostomal bridge length greater than diameter of foramen.

Thorax ( Fig.1 ) orange, except black stripes along some sutures. Mesoscutum light-brown pruinose, with light brown dorsocentral stripe behind transverse suture. Supra-alar carina distinct but low. Dorsocentral row of setulae inconspicuous. Pronotal collar with a distinct transverse carina on each side. Postpronotum slightly raised. Antepronotum, propleuron, and mesopleuron shinier and lighter than adjacent areas. Notopleural carina small but distinct, black humeral carina distinctly protuberant. Suture between anepisternum and anepimeron with 3–4 fine pale bristles. Laterotergite with carinate anterior margin raised well above anepimeron. Anterior prespiracular process small and indistinct. Posterior prespiracular process distinctly raised, rather triangular in ventral view. Posterior subspiracular carina low, entirely bare.

Fore leg with coxa and trochanter pale yellow; femur ( Fig. 2 ) yellow with a row of 11 short spinules on anteroventral distal half; tibia brown and tarsomeres yellow. Mid leg with coxa, trochanter and base of femur pale yellow, remainder of leg yellow to orange; tarsomeres 1–3 and basal half of tarsomere 4 with antero- and posteroventral sawlines. Hind leg with femur intumesced, 3.3 times longer than wide in lateral view, with paleyellow base followed by a brown ring near middle, remainder of femur yellow, femur anteroventral margin with row of 10 spines, and posteroventral margin with 8 spines; tibia brown with distal ¼ pale yellow and apex with three unequal lobes; apical ventral lobe conspicuously more prominent than other lobes; tarsus with antero- and posteroventral sawlines on tarsomeres 1–3 and basal half of tarsomere 4.

Wing ( Fig. 3 ) clear, with small and distinct dark patches over all crossveins. A medium, suboval discal patch from apex of R 2+3 vein reaching dm-cu, connected at level of M with r-m crossvein. Cell r 4+5 slightly wider medially. Vein r-m slightly shorter than dm-cu. Fork of CuA slightly distal from bm-cu, slightly less than 1x length of bm-cu beyond junction with bm-cu. CuA 1 extending 2/3 of distance to wing margin. A 1 +CuA 2 extending about half-way to wing margin.

Abdomen ( Fig. 1 ) entirely shiny, background color orange. Syntergite 1–3 elongate. Tergites 1 and 2 parallelsided. Tergites 1–6 with sparse lateral and posterolateral scattered setulae and a few easily overlooked microtrichia. Tergites 2 and 3 fused but delineated by a distinct suture. Tergites 3 and 4 not fused. Tergite 2 with a narrow longitudinal dark-brown stripe medially, tergites 3–4 broadly dark brown longitudinally, medially, and along anterior and posterior borders. Tergite 3 dark brown anteriorly and posteriorly, both spots connected medially by a dark stripe. Tergite 4 with a dark brown basal and another, distal ring. Tergite 5 with narrow distal brown ring.

Terminalia with tergites 5 and 6 unmodified, ventrolateral margins straight. Spiracles 5 in membrane. Spiracles 6 exactly at edge of tergite. Sternites 5 and 6 pale, reduced; 5 elongated; 6 narrow but longer than 5, both with 5–6 pairs of bristles. Synsternite 7+8 narrow and weak ventrally, with small bristles. Epandrium ( Figs. 4–5 ) light brown, about 1.5 as wide as long. Cercus almost sessile, long-setose, much smaller than surstylus. Surstylus ( Figs. 4–5 ) suboval, outer surface with bristles shorter than length of surstylus, apical margin with longer bristles. Subepandrial sclerite small, comma-shaped. Hypandrium ( Figs. 6–7 ) forming a complete subcircular ring, without interruptions as seen in Fig. 7 ; dorsal half U-shaped and wider than narrow ventral half. Ventral hypandrial lobe distinct, expanded, rounded with distinct bristles, medially and ventrally with longer bristles. Posterior part of hypandrial arm short and broad, articulating with unilobate pregonite. Postgonite narrow, dark, reaching level of pregonite articulation. Basiphallus cylindrical, larger at apex with two small equal lobes. Distiphallus complex, directed sinistrally, rather coiled, medially with needle-shaped spur and membranous, suboval, spinulose lobe. Apex of distiphallus rather spiralized. Phallapodeme narrow, simple, rather translucent. Ejaculatory apodeme ( Fig. 8 ) simple, rather translucent.

Body length: 4.2 mm; wing length: 3.2 mm.

Female: Similar to male. Terminalia ( Fig. 9 ) with tergite and sternite 7 simple, cercus elongated, thin and parallel-sided. Spermathecae ( Fig. 10 ) with two pairs of smooth, hat-shaped capsula, each pair set closely together. Duct well sclerotized near capsula.

Specimen length: 4.1 mm.

Type material. Holotype ♂. Brasil, AM [azonas], Barcelos , Rio Padauari , Com [unidade] Ararinha, 00º30’18’’N – 64º03’30’’W / 04–08.vi.2010, Varredura, S.S. Oliveira, J. T. Câmara, V. Linard & J.A. Rafael ( INPA) . Paratypes: as holotype data (3 ♂, 2 ♀, INPA). Brasil, AM , S[anta] Isabel do Rio Negro , Rio Padauari, 00º11’43’’N – 64º00’39’’W / 09.vi.2010, Varredura, S.S. Oliveira, J. T . Câmara , V . Linard & J.A. Rafael (1 ♂, 1 ♀, MZUSP). Brasil, AM , Barcelos , Rio Aracá, Comun. Bacuquara, 00º09’17.5’’N – 63º10’35.2’’W / 12–14.vi.2010, Varredura, S.S. Oliveira, J. T . Câmara , V . Linard & J.A. Rafael (1 ♂, 1 ♀, INPA). Brasil, AM , Manaus , Trilha C, I- SB, 07–08.vii.2004, Reserva Km 41, PDBFF , Ranyse Querino (1 ♀, INPA) .

Etymology. The specific epithet is a name in apposition, referring to the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas, which provided financial resources to collect in the Brazilian state of Amazonas.

Comments. Syringogaster fapeam n. sp. differs from other species of the figurata and rufa- group by base of basiphallus cylindrical, symmetrically widening distally; distiphallus with one suboval, membranous and spinulose median lobe with its apex rather spiralized.

Variations. male and female specimens with body length ranging from 3.9 to 4.1 mm. Fore femur of male specimens with 10 or 11 spinules.

The new species S. fapeam runs to couplet 16 of the key of Marshall et al. (2009), and can be identified based on the modified couplet below.

16. Fore femur with anteroventral spinules distally. CuA 1 extending at most halfway to wing margin. Crossvein dm-cu straight or weakly curved)..................................................................................... 16b

- Fore femur without ventral spinules. CuA 1 extending almost to wing margin. Crossvein dm-cu strongly curved................................................................................................... S. rufa -group...17

16b. Fore femur with 2–5 anteroventral spinules distally ( Fig. 12 ). Katepisternum largely tomentose except dorsally and posteriorly ( Fig. 11 ). CuA 1 extending less than halfway to wing margin ( Fig. 13 ) ( Brazil)........................ S. papaveroi Prado

- Fore femur with 10–11 anteroventral spinules distally ( Fig. 2 ). Katepisternum shiny ( Fig. 1 ). CuA 1 extending more than halfway to wing margin ( Fig. 3 ) ( Brazil)....................................................... S. fapeam n. sp.

Figures

FIGURES 1–10. Syringogaster fapeam new species. 1, holotype ♂, lateral view. 2–10, paratypes. 2, fore femur and tibia, lateroventral view. 3, wing. 4, epandrium and associated structures, dorsal view. 5, epandrium and associated structures, left lateral. 6, hypandrium and associated structures, dorsal view. 7, idem, in lateral view. 8, ejaculatory apodeme, fine line added to show outline. 9, female abdomen, ventral view. 10, spermathecae.

FIGURES 11–19. Syringogaster papaveroi. 11, habitus ♂, lateral view. 12, fore femur and tibia, lateroventral view. 13, wing. 14, epandrium and associated structures, left lateral. 15, hypandrium and associated structures, dorsal view. 16, detail of distiphallus processes. 17, ejaculatory apodeme. 18, female abdomen, ventral view. 19, spermathecae.