Lumbrineris luciliae, Martins, Roberto, Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Quintino, Victor & Rodrigues, Ana Maria, 2012

Martins, Roberto, Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Quintino, Victor & Rodrigues, Ana Maria, 2012, Lumbrineridae (Polychaeta) from the Portuguese continental shelf (NE Atlantic) with the description of four new species, Zootaxa 3416, pp. 1-21 : 10-12

Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov.

Figure 3

Material examined. Type material: Holotype ( MNHN TYPE 1539) southern Portuguese continental shelf, site PC201, 37º02.860ʹ N 8º25.285ʹ W, April 2008, in fine sand, 32.7 m. Paratypes: MB29-000229, 1 specimen, site PC125. ECOSUR0129, 1 specimen, site PC191. DBUA 0 1317.01, 1 specimen, site MESH 3D. Additional material: site MESH 24D, 1 specimen; site PC85, 1 specimen; site PC92, 2 specimens; site PC187, 3 specimens; site PC188, 1 specimen; site PC191, 2 specimens; site PC193, 2 specimens; site PC196, 2 specimens; site PC203, 1 specimen; site PC219, 1 specimen.

Description. Holotype mature male complete with 121 chaetigers (last 17 chaetigers regenerating), LT=52.0 mm, L10= 4.7 mm, W10= 1.8 mm. Prostomium subconical, as long as wide, with a pair of nuchal organs, ventrally with short buccal lips. Peristomium with two rings, anterior ring twice as long as second one ( Fig. 3 A).

All parapodia well developed, first six smaller than following ones. Prechaetal lobe in first parapodia inconspicuous, in chaetigers 2–10 as a small globular protuberance, conical in posterior chaetigers; always smaller than postchaetal lobe. Postchaetal lobe digitiform in parapodia 1, digitiform wide basally from parapodia 2 to 28; in posterior chaetigers digitiform; larger in anterior and posterior parapodia; always longer than prechaetal lobe ( Fig. 3 B–D). Short rounded dorsal cirri in all parapodia.

Composite multidentate hooded hooks in chaetigers 1–21, 3–8 per parapodium, with short blade, with up to 9 teeth, all of similar size ( Fig. 3 E). Simple multidentate hooded hooks from chaetiger 21, with short hood, with up to 7 teeth, proximal tooth largest; preacicular hook with a section that is twice as large as the postacicular hook ( Fig. 3 F). Dorsal limbate chaetae in chaetigers 1–82, ventral limbate chaetae in chaetigers 1–21. Aciculae yellow, aristate, distally curved in median and posterior parapodia ( Fig. 3 G), up to five in anterior parapodia and two in posterior parapodia.

Pygidium with terminal anus, with two pairs of anal cirri of similar size.

Mandible divided for about half its length. Maxillary apparatus with five pairs of maxillae; maxillary carriers as long as MI. MI forceps-like with attachment lamella well developed. MII as long as MI, with wide connecting plates slightly developed; with four teeth of similar size. MIII arcuate, unidentate. MIV unidentate, with welldeveloped plate. MV free, prominent, lateral to MIV and MIII ( Fig. 3 H).

Variations. The specimens examined ranged in L10 from 2.2 to 6.3 mm, in W10 from 0.6 to 1.8 mm and varied in the following features: the last appearance of the composite multidentate hooded hooks and ventral limbates and the first simple multidentate hooded hooks (from chaetigers 14 to 21; cf. Table 2).

Reproduction. One mature male was found (Holotype MNHN TYPE 1539) in April; the sperm cells have a long tail and a head with a subspherical nucleus, which diameter ranging from 2 to 3 µm.

Type locality. Southern Portuguese continental shelf.

Etymology. This species is named in honor of Lucília Gonçalves, mother of the first author.

Distribution and habitat. Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. occurred in several sediment types from gravel to mud, characterized by high sand and biogenic contents, on average, 65% and 8% respectively (cf. Table 3 ). The species is distributed on the whole Portuguese continental shelf, but mainly in the southern part, at water depths ranging from 33 to 179 m (cf. Table 3 ). The species seems to occur mainly in biogenically enriched sediments. The biogenic fraction of the sediment is mainly composed of skeletal remains of molluscs, echinoderms or other fauna. Those mixed sediments may play some role in the creation of a favorable predator habitat and/or a protective habitat to these specimens, which are bigger than the other new species (based on the W10 and L10 values).

Discussion. Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. belongs to a group of species characterized by having an arcuate unidentate MIII, including L. kerguelensis Grube (from Kerguelen Islands), L. cingulata Ehlers (from Magellanic biogeographic province), L. vanhoeffeni Michaelsen (from Greenland), L. paucidentata Treadwell (from Florida, USA), L. californiensis Hartman (from California, USA), L. cruzensis Hartman (from California, USA), L. pallida Hartman (from California, USA), L. inhacea Hartman (from Mozambique channel), L. aniara Fauchald (from Western Norway), L. nonatoi Ramos (from Mediterranean Sea), L. imajimai Carrera-Parra (from Shimoda, Japan), L. indica Carrera-Parra (from Saint Paul Island), L. higuchiae Carrera-Parra (from Shimoda, Japan), L. mustaquimi Carrera-Parra (from Pakistan), L. nishii Carrera-Parra (from Shimoda, Japan), L. geldiayi Carrera-Parra, Çinar & Dagli (from Turkey) and L. sinensis Cai & Li (from China).

Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. has yellow aciculae, whereas L. pallida , L. geldiayi and L. nishii have reddish or dark aciculae. Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. has postchaetal lobe digitiform wide basally in anterior parapodia; while L. nonatoi , L. vanhoeffeni , L. mustaquimi , L. indica , L. paucidentata , L. higuchiae have a digitiform postchaetal lobe, and L. aniara , L. cingulata , L. californiensis , L. imajimai , L. inhacea , L. cruzensis and Lumbrineris pinaster sp. nov have an auricular postchaetal lobe.

Additionally, the postchaetal lobes of Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. are always longer than the prechaetal lobes, while in L. californiensis , L. imajimai , L. inhacea , L. cruzensis , L. nonatoi and L. sinensis , the prechaetal lobe is as long as or longer than the postchaetal lobes in the posterior parapodia. Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. resembles L. cingulata by having preacicular simple multidentate hooded hooks with a section that are twice as large as the postacicular hooks. However, Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. differs having aciculae distally curved in median posterior parapodia rather than straight. Furthermore, Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. differs from L. cingulata by having MIV unidentate with a well-developed plate, whereas L. cingulata has MIV unidentate with a long prominent tooth, without a well-developed plate.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Lumbrineris luciliae sp. nov. Paratype (ECOSUR 0129) A, anterior end, dorsal view; B, parapodium 3, frontal view; C, parapodium 13, frontal view; D, parapodium 77, frontal view; E, composite multidentate hooded hook, from parapodium 3; F, simple multidentate hooded hook from parapodium 77; G, acicula from parapodium 86; H, maxillae III and IV, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, 1.0 mm; B, C, D, H 0.1 mm; E, F, 0.025 mm; G, 0.01 mm.