Damaliscus korrigum (Ogilby, 1837)
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https://doi.org/ 10.5252/z2016n2a3 |
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publication LSID |
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:059171D0-809D-47F5-9030-669522C36E69 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B8879E-F315-383C-05B5-FC59C1DCC49F |
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treatment provided by |
Marcus |
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scientific name |
Damaliscus korrigum (Ogilby, 1837) |
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Damaliscus korrigum (Ogilby, 1837) View in CoL ◉
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — Baudenon (1952, 1958) described it as a seasonal (dry-season) immigrant from Burkina Faso, but Chardonnet et al. (1990) reported a record from Keran National Park, and argued that it may had become a permanent resident of this area. They estimated a population size of 20-25 individuals in Keran National Park (year 1988). This species is possibly extinct in Togo (IUCN 2014).
Eudorcas rufifrons (Gray, 1846) ▶
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — Seasonally migrating from Burkina Faso during the dry season ( Chardonnet et al. 1990). It occurs regularly in Keran National Park, but was occasionally observed in Oti Valley Reserve and possibly also in the Fosse aux Lions Reserve ( Chardonnet et al. 1990).
Hippotragus equinus koba (Gray, 1872) ▶
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — Matschie (1893b) cited this species for Bismarckburg (Adéle). This species is a widespread species in Oti-Keran, Fazao, and Togodo regions ( Chardonnet et al. 1990). The presence of the roan antilope in Oti-Keran National park was recorded in the national monograph on biodiversity ( PNAE 2002). Two individuals were recorded in Oti-Mandouri reserve by Bouché et al. (2004), and 11 individuals were recently recorded in the Fazao Malfakassa National Park ( Atsri et al. 2013).
VOUCHERS. — Nine vouchers are deposited in the ZMB. These vouchers came from Misahohe, Bismarckburg (Adéle), Sokodé, Kunga, Katindi, and Yendi ( Ghana).
ORIGINAL DATA. — Nowadays, the population of this species in the North of the country (in the complex of protected areas Oti-Keran and Oti-Mandouri) appears to be extinct. Since 2004, no further reliable record was obtained from these areas.
Kobus ellipsiprymnus (Ogilby, 1833) ▶
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — Recorded, and considered as locally common in Oti-Keran, Fazao, and Togodo regions ( Chardonnet et al. 1990). It may be present also in the Fosse aux Lions Reserve. This species is reported from Oti-Keran National Park by PNAE (2002) and Segniagbeto et al. (2014). Its presence in Fazao Malfakassa National Park is recorded by Atsri et al. (2013).
VOUCHERS. — Eight vouchers, coming from Misahohe, Kunga, Bassari, and Akrosa are stored in the ZMB.
ORIGINAL DATA. — Recent observations (year 2015) were made in Fazao Malfakassa National Park (Segniagbeto, unpublished data). In Togodo National Park, this species was also recently observed ( Segniagbeto et al. 2015b).
Kobus kob (Erxleben, 1777) ▶ ( Fig. 3B View FIG )
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — This is one of the most common antelopes of Togo, first reported in the country from Bismarckburg by Matschie (1893b). This species is common in Oti-Keran, Fazao and Togodo regions (see also Chardonnet et al. 1990). Bouché et al. (2004) indicated the presence of this species in Oti-Keran and Oti- Mandouri protected areas. It may also be present in the Fosse aux Lions Reserve.
VOUCHERS. — Thirteen vouchers are stored in the ZMB. These vouchers came from Misahohe, Bismarckburg (Adéle), Nano Moba, Njamassiloe and Awate.
ORIGINAL DATA. — This species is very abundant in Togodo and Fazao-Malfakassa National Parks ( Segniagbeto et al. 2015a, b). Recent observations were also made in Oti-Keran National Park (Segniagbeto et al. 2014), Fazao-Malkafassa National Park ( Atsri et al. 2013), and Alibi I (coordinates 9°02’N, 1°25’E) and Abdoulaye forest reserves ( Segniagbeto 2010). It is the most abundant antelope species in Djambé Forest Reserve (Kara region, central Togo; our unpublished observations). In general, the populations of this species in the two important protected areas (Togodo and Fazao Malfakassa) are very stable in terms of their conservation status.
Ourebia quadriscopa (C. H. Smith, 1827) ▶
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — This species is among the most common antelopes in the Oti-Keran, Fazao, and Togodo regions (see also Chardonnet et al. 1990). It may be present also in the Fosse aux Lions Reserve ( Chardonnet et al. 1990).
VOUCHERS. — Nine vouchers (classified as O. ourebi ) are stored in the ZMB. These vouchers came from Sokodé, Agbande, and Bimbila.
REMARK
This taxon, once considered a subspecies of Ourebia ourebi (Zimmermann, 1783) , was elevated to a full species rank by Groves & Grubb (2011).
Philantomba maxwelli (C. H. Smith, 1827) •
REMARK
This species may also occur in southern Togo, at the border with Ghana ( Colyn et al. 2010). Indeed, a voucher coming from Gbatope is deposited in the NMNH, Washington D. C., but was labelled before the formal description of P. walteri Colyn, Hulselman, Sonet, Ooudé, De Winter, Natta, Tamas Nagy & Verheyen, 2010 . Thus, careful examination of this voucher is needed before drawing firm conclusions.
Philantomba walteri
Colyn, Hulselman, Sonet, Ooudé, De Winter, Natta, Tamas Nagy & Verheyen, 2010 ▶ ( Fig. 4A View FIG )
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — Recently described as distinct taxon from P. maxwellii for the Dahomey Gap ( Colyn et al. 2010), this species is widespread from Togo to Nigeria ( Petrozzi et al. 2015). It was considered to be formerly widespread and abundant, especially South of the latitude of Kara ( Chardonnet et al. 1990). It occurs in Fazao National Park, where it was reported to be common by Chardonnet et al. (1990), and in the hilly forests of the EZ IV, for instance in the Togo mountains ( Chardonnet et al. 1990).
VOUCHERS. — Seven vouchers (six identified as Cephalophus monticola maxwelli , and one as Philantomba monticola (Thunberg, 1789)) coming from Togo are stored in the ZMB. Five specimens had no precise localities, but one came from Bismarckburg (Adéle) and one from Kpandu, a Ghanaian locality once belonging to Togo during the colonial period.
ORIGINAL DATA. — Philantomba walteri was also recently observed (2013-2014) in the Togodo North and Togodo South National Park (Segniagbeto et al. original data). Direct observations were also made in the areas of Gboto-Zouvi (01°27’24.1”E, 06°50’10.2”N) and Tomety-Kondji (01°32’45.4”E, 06°50’21.6”N). The populations are more or less stable, and they are commonly traded across villages as bushmeat. This species is also common in Fazao Malfakassa National Park, both in Guinea savannahs that in the forest fragments. This species is also heavily exploited and we recorded several individuals being hunted during our surveys in this park (2012-2015).
Redunca redunca (Pallas, 1767) ▶
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — Formerly widespread in Togo, it is now confined to the northern savannahs. Recorded in Fazao ( Chardonnet et al. 1990).
VOUCHERS. — Two vouchers, coming from Bismarckburg (Adéle), are deposited in the ZMB.
Sylvicapra grimmia campbelliae (Gray, 1843) ▶ ( Fig. 4B View FIG )
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — Widespread and common in all protected areas of the savannah, including Oti-Keran and Fazao ( Chardonnet et al. 1990).
VOUCHERS. — Thirteen vouchers are stored in the ZMB. These vouchers originated from Misahohe, Agbende, Sokodé, Atakpamé, and Kpandu (now in Ghana). One voucher from Kpessidé is stored at IFAN.
ORIGINAL DATA. — This species is common in Togodo National Park and Fazao Malfakassa National Park ( Segniagbeto et al. 2015a, b). In these two protected areas, the populations of this species are stable in terms of their conservation status. It is often traded as bushmeat.
Syncerus brachyceros (Gray, 1837) ▶
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — Matschie (1893b) cited this species to occur in Togo, but with no precise locality given.
VOUCHERS. — Vouchers, identified as Syncerus caffer (Sparrman, 1779) , coming from Aguberg (Misahohe) and Sokodé are stored in ZMB.
ORIGINAL DATA. — This species was recently observed (years 2012- 2015) in Oti-Keran, Togodo and Fazao Malfakassa National Parks ( Atsri et al. 2013; Segniagbeto et al. 2014, 2015a, b). In 2013, 30 individuals were observed in Fazao Malfakassa protected area ( Atsri et al. 2013). The populations of this species in Oti-Keran and Togodo National Park are highly threatened because of the lack of any management of these protected areas. This species is occasionally sold as a bushmeat.
REMARK
Groves & Grubb (2011) proposed species status for the African buffalo from West Africa, whereas other sources still used Syncerus caffer (e.g., Wilson & Reeder 2005; IUCN 2014).
Taurotragus derbianus (Gray, 1847) ◉
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — It was reported from Fazao and Togo mountains ( Baudenon 1952). It was considered extinct by Chardonnet et al. (1990). Grubb et al. (1998) considered the records from Togo and Ghana as incorrect.
Tragelaphus eurycerus (Ogilby, 1837) * ( Fig. 5 View FIG )
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — Baudenon (1952) cited it from the forests North of Kpalimé, Bismarckburg (Adéle) (see also Matschie 1893a, b), and South of Sokodé. Chardonnet et al. (1990) recorded it for Fazao.
VOUCHERS. — There is a voucher specimen at ZMB from Bismarckburg (Adéle).
ORIGINAL DATA. — Although previously considered as extinct, a pair of individuals was observed in Togodo National Park, Deve (Tovegoe) area, in 2015 ( Segniagbeto et al. 2015a). In addition, five skulls were recorded in Kouve village (southern Togo), and one of them is presented in Fig. 5 View FIG . Fostin Abbey (a famous hunter operating around Togodo National Park) also reported its current presence in some areas of the park. Therefore, we assume that the Bongo is still extant in Togo, although its conservation status is Critically Endangered at the country scale. Urgent conservation actions (public awareness campaigns, local communities capacity building with promotion of livelihoods activities) are needed in view of the preservation of the individuals of this species in Togo.
REMARK
Togo and Benin represent the easterly limit of the nominal subspecies.
Tragelaphus phaleratus (C. H. Smith, 1827) ▶ ( Fig. 6)
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — This species was mentioned from Togo for the first time by Matschie (1893b), from Bismarckburg (Adéle). Very common in Keran and Fazao, and present also in Oti River valley and Togodo area ( Chardonnet et al. 1990).
ORIGINAL DATA. — This species is still very common in Togodo and Fazao Malfakassa National Parks. Some individuals were encountered in Oti-Keran National Park, Assoukoko and Missahoe forest reserves ( Atsri et al. 2013; Segniagbeto et al. 2014, 2015a, b). Skins of this species were found also at Kpalimé and Badou in 2012-2014.
REMARK
The “bushbuck” ( Tragelaphus scriptus Pallas, 1766 ) includes a number of polyphyletic lineages ( Moodley & Bruford 2007) and was divided into several species by Groves & Grubb (2011). Tragelaphus phaleratus is one of them.
Tragelaphus gratus P. L. Sclater, 1880 * ( Fig. 5 View FIG )
HISTORICAL LITERATURE. — The presence of “sitatungas” in Togo has always been a dispute. Baudenon (1952) reported that this species might be present along the Oti River, lower Kara, Mo River, Kaitcha, up to the middle Mono River, and that it was formerly present along the Lake Togo swamps. Chardonnet et al. (1990) were uncertain about the continued presence of this species in Togo, as they were not able to confirm any data record available.
ORIGINAL DATA. — During recent original fieldwork (years 2012- 2015), the current presence of this species was confirmed from two areas of the country: Fazao Malkafassa and Togodo National Parks. The presence of this species was recently recorded also along the Mono River, nearby Afito ponds ( Segniagbeto et al. 2015a), and in Kouve village (Togodo National Park). A skull of this species from the latter locality is presented in Fig. 5. View FIG
REMARK
The western Sitatunga was raised to species level by Groves & Grubb (2011), who considered this taxon to be distinct from Tragelaphus spekii (Speke, 1863) . It should be noted that Sitatunga specimens West of Nigeria are practically non-existent in museum collections (Colin P. Groves pers. comm. to SG), a serious problem underpinning our knowledge of bovids taxonomy in many parts of Africa ( Cotterill et al. 2014), so the present taxonomic arrangement must be considered provisional.
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