Cyana khasiana Hampson, 1897

Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), Zootaxa 4738 (1), pp. 1-93 : 43

Cyana khasiana Hampson, 1897

( Figs 112–117 , 210–213 , 273, 274 )

Cyana khasiana Hampson, 1897 , Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 11: 296 (Type locality: [NE India, Meghalaya, Khasi Hills] “Khásis”).

= Chionaema hampsoni Kaleka, 2003 , Entomon, 28 (4): 380, figs 1–7 (Type locality: “ Arunachal Pradesh: West Kameng District, Bombdila, 2430 m ”), syn. nov.

Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein): 1 ♂ ( Fig. 112 ), printed label “Khasis. Nat. Coll.” / hand- written label “96-43 (upper side) Cyana khasiana type ♂. Hmpsn. (under side)” / printed round label with a red circle “Type” / printed label with a unique identifier “NHMUK010597911” (Coll. NHMUK); paralectotypes: 2 ♀, printed label “Khasis. Nat. Coll.” (Coll. NHMUK).

Other material examined. SIKKIM: 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Pemayangtse, 2000m, 23–28.VII.1990, leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34441 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM) ; 4 ♂, 2 ♀, India-Sikkim, Pemayangtse, 1200 m, be- low Rimbi, 26.VIII.1988, Lf., leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34442 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM) ; 1 ♂, Sik- kim, Golitar, 26.IV.2009, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 3 ♂, Sikkim, Golitar, 30.IV.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; 1 ♂, Sikkim, Golitar, 01.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; WEST BENGAL: 2 ♀, India WB, Darjeeling, 2100 m, 28.VIII.–1.IX.1988, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM) ; 1 ♀, India W.B., Darjeeling, above Rambi, ca. 800 m, 7–8.VIII.1989, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM) ; ASSAM: 1 ♀, Assam (Coll. NHMUK) ; MEGHALAYA: 1 ♂, Khasis. Nat. Coll. / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939–1 / 448, slide NHMUK010315750 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Khasis. Nat. Coll. / Collectio H. J. Elwes / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939– 1, slides NHMUK010315751 (♂), NHMUK010313269 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK) ; 1 ♀, Khasis. Nat. Coll. / 97.164, slide NHMUK010315752 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK) ; 1 ♀, Assam: Shillong, H.M. Parish, B.M. 1923- 247 (Coll. NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, Khasis. Nat. Coll. / Collectio H. J. Elwes / round label with a yellow circle “ paratype ” / Chionaema khasiana Hampson det. A. Watson 1962, slide AV1877 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK) ; 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Umkiang, 8.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI) ; ARUNACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, Arunachal Pradesh, Go- dak, 05.IV.2009 leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI) .

Remarks. 1. Hampson (1897) described the species based on an unknown number of syntypes of both sexes. Three of them are found in the NHMUK collection. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the male specimen labeled as “Type” as lectotype. 2. All syntypes of various Lithosiini species received by ZFMK as a result of exchange with NHMUK are labeled as paratypes. However, the male specimen of C. khasiana deposited in the ZFMK collection and labeled as “ Paratype ” is not a syntype in fact.

Diagnosis. Forewing length is 16–20 mm in males and 20.5–24 mm in females. The species is represented by two color forms: the widespread red lined one (described as hampsoni Kaleka, 2003 ) ( Figs 114–117 , 212, 213 , 274 ) and the typical form with amber yellow transverse lines found in Khasi Hills only ( Figs 112, 113 , 210, 211 , 273 ). In addition, in males distal black spots may be connected ( Figs 112, 114, 116 ) or separated ( Fig. 117 ) as well. This variation is found in both color forms. The yellow lined form of C. khasiana resembles externally C. arama , but differs by its narrower antemedial line being almost straight and only slightly curved at wing costa (that is strongly S-like curved in C. arama ), smaller discal black spots, narrower postmedial line, the absence of a subterminal line, and the pure white hindwing (that is pale ochreous orange in C. arama ). The red lined form is similar to C. signa and C. adita , but can be distinguished by their slightly broader forewings with broader transverse lines and larger black spots; in addition, females of C. khasiana have the postmedial line curved inwards at costa, whereas in C. signa and C. adita that is curved outwards. In the male genitalia, C. khasiana differs clearly from C. arama by its narrower and U-shaped uncus, less developed medial crest of valva, broader distal section of valva, slightly shorter and broader distal saccular process, narrower aedeagus and the vesica shape. Female genitalia of C. khasiana differ from those of C. arama by the smaller anterior section of the corpus bursae, the smaller signum, the sclerotized basal section of the appendix bursae, and the much larger distal membranous section of the appendix bursae.

Distribution. North East India (Sikkim, Assam and Meghalaya) ( Singh et al. 2014), Arunachal Pradesh, north of West Bengal (present study), China (Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces) (present study), North Thailand ( Černý & Pinratana 2009, as a part of C. signa ) and North Vietnam (Fan-si-pan Mts.) (present study).

Figures

FIGURES 112–119. Cyana spp.: adults. 112, C. khasiana, lectotype ♂, India, Meghalaya (©NHMUK); 113, ditto, ♀, India, Meghalaya (©NHMUK); 114, ditto, ♂, India, Sikkim (MWM/ZSM); 115, ditto, ♀, India, Sikkim (MWM/ZSM); 116, ditto, ♂, Thailand (MWM/ZSM); 117, ditto, ♂, Vietnam (MWM/ZSM); 118, C. bellissima, ♂, India, Uttarakhand (MWM/ZSM); 119, ditto, ♀, India, Uttarakhand (MWM/ZSM).

FIGURES 210–213. Cyana khasiana forms: male genitalia. 210, yellow lined form, India, Meghalaya, slide NHMUK01305750 Volynkin; 211, ditto, India, Meghalaya, slide AV1877 Volynkin; 212, red lined form, India, Sikkim, slide MWM 34441 Volynkin; 213, ditto, N Vietnam, slide MWM 33877 Volynkin.

FIGURES 273–276. Cyana spp.: female genitalia. 273, C. khasiana, yellow lined form, India, Meghalaya, slide NHMUK010313269 Volynkin; 274, ditto, red lined form, India, Sikkim, slide MWM 34442 Volynkin; 275, C. bellissima, India, Uttarakhand, slide MWM 34438 Volynkin; 276, C. arama arama, India, West Bengal, slide MWM 34424 Volynkin;