Coleoxestia spinifemorata Fragoso, 1993

Galileo, Maria Helena M. & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2016, New taxa, new records and notes on Coleoxestia Aurivillius, 1912 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae), Zootaxa 4136 (1) : -

Coleoxestia spinifemorata Fragoso, 1993

( Fig. 15 )

Coleoxestia spinifemorata Fragoso, 1993: 333 ; Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 36 (checklist); Martins & Monné, 2005: 138; Morvan & Morati, 2006: 10 (distr.); Monné, 2005: 64 (cat.); Monné & Hovore, 2005: 39 (checklist); 2006: 38 (checklist); Morvan & Morati, 2011: 16 (distr.); Monné, 2016: 101 (cat.).

Description. Male ( Fig. 15 ). Integument black; mouth parts yellowish-brown except for brown basal 2/3 of last palpomeres; basal antennomeres dark brown, gradually reddish-brown toward distal antennomeres; mesocoxae partially reddish-brown.

Head. Frons finely, sparsely punctate on frontal plate; with oblique, moderately deep depression laterally close to clypeus; with longitudinal, well-marked depression on each side between frontal plate and antennal socket; with minutely, sparsely setae. Longitudinal carina between antennal tubercles well-marked, enlarged toward upper eye lobes. Area between upper eye lobes slightly tumid and rugose; with short and long, sparse setae close to eyes. Area between upper eye lobes and prothoracic margin glabrous, coarsely, confluently punctate centrally, sparsely laterally. Area behind upper eye lobes, coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate; with long, erect setae close to eye. Area behind lower eye lobes deeply, transversely sulcate near eye, coarsely, abundantly punctate close to prothorax, smooth between these areas; with long, erect, sparse setae close to eye, glabrous on remaining surface. Submentum rectangular surrounded by distinct sulcus, interrupted only laterally close to gula; with short and long, erect, sparse setae. Genae finely, sparsely punctate; with minute, sparse setae interspersed laterally with some long, erect sparse setae. Antennal tubercles finely, sparsely punctate toward apex, coarsely, shallowly punctate on base; glabrous. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.25 times length of scape; distance between lower eye lobes in frontal view 0.40 times length of scape. Antennae 1.85 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at apex of antennomere IX. Dorsal and outer side of scape finely, sparsely punctate interspersed with some coarser punctures; ventral and inner side scabrous; with minutely, sparsely setae interspersed with some long setae on outer side. Outer side of antennomeres distinctly carinate; apex of antennomere III forming distinct angle; apex of antennomeres IV–X distinct projected, acute; antennomeres with short, abundant, partially erect setae interspersed with long setae on antennomeres III–IV. Antennal formula based on antennomere III: scape = 0.71; pedicel = 0.15; IV = 0.73; V = 0.80; VI = 0.78; VII = 0.81; VIII = 0.76; IX = 0.74; X = 0.70; XI = 1.12.

Thorax. Prothorax slightly longer than wider, distinctly wider on basal margin than anterior margin. Sides of prothorax scabrous, with some long, sparse setae. Pronotum smooth centrally at basal half, starting near basal transverse sulcus; remaining surface with transverse wrinkles interspersed with some punctures on disc of basal half, more distinct laterally. Prosternum coarsely, sparsely punctate on basal third, transversely sulcate on remaining surface; basal third with minute setae close to procoxal cavities and remaining surface with long, sparse setae; sulcate region with sparse, erect setae. Mesosternal process tumid, with distinct, rounded tubercle projected forward. Scutellum pubescent. Elytra. Shiny, smooth (minute punctures almost invisible); apex widely truncate, bispinose, with outer spine longer and broader than sutural spine. Legs. Inner apex of meso- and metafemora triangularly projected; outer apex of metafemora triangularly projected, but less so than at inner apex.

Dimensions in mm (male). Total length, 19.90–20.30; prothorax: length, 3.60–3.90; anterior width, 2.70– 2.95; posterior width, 2.95–3.55; largest width, 3.50–3.70; humeral width, 4.60–4.80; elytral length, 12.50–13.50.

Material examined. FRENCH GUIANA, Regina Rd PK-73, 1 male, 21.VIII.1996, J. E. Wappes col. ( ACMT); Kaw Rd. (D-6) PK 38 (Amazone Nat. Lodge; Montague de Kaw; 4º33’N / 52º11’W, 970’), 1 male, 18– 23.IV.2007, J. E. Eger col. ( RFMC); 1 male, 5–6.I.2016, Wappes, Morris & Eger col. ( MZSP); Amazone Nature Lodge (Kaw Rd. 6, 4.550330 / -52170310), 1 male, 5–16.I.2016, Morris, Wappes & Eger col. ( FSCA); 12 km SE Roura on Kaw Rd., 1 male, 6–7.II.2010, J.E. Eger col. ( ACMT); 37 km SE Roura on Kaw Rd., 18–23.IV.2007, J. E. Eger col. ( RFMC).

Remarks. Coleoxestia spinifemorata was described (and remains known) based on two females from Brazil (Mato Grosso) and French Guiana. The pronotum and sides of prothorax in males are very similar to those in female holotype. The main differences between the males examined and the female holotype are as follows: antennae distinctly surpassing the elytral apex; antennomere III entirely carinate laterally, with outer apex forming a distinct angle. In the female holotype the antennae do not reach the elytral apex, and the antennomere III has a short carina on apical quarter, resulting in an obtusely angled apex.

Coleoxestia weemsi sp. nov. ( Figs. 16–20 )

Description. Male. Integument dark brown; mouthparts reddish-brown; antennomeres reddish-brown (darker on scape, pedicel, and antennomere III); femora from brown to dark brown on peduncle and apex of club, with remaining surface of club reddish-brown; tibiae gradually reddish toward apex; elytra with slightly distinct, longitudinal reddish-brown band from near base to about middle (usually inconspicuous depending on angle of light).

Head. Frons with frontal plate almost smooth, with only some fine punctures, longitudinally sulcate on middle; with deep depression laterally close to clypeus; longitudinal depression on each side between frontal plate and antennal socket slightly marked, moderately finely, abundantly punctate; frons with minute, sparse setae. Longitudinal carina between antennal tubercles absent. Area between antennal tubercles deeply, longitudinally sulcate (this sulcus continuing to that on frontal plate), gradually wider from frons to upper eye lobes. Area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes slightly longitudinally elevated; moderately finely, confluently punctate laterally; with long, sparse, erect setae close to eyes. Area between upper eye lobes and prothoracic margin moderately finely, abundantly punctate throughout; glabrous. Area behind upper eye lobes finely, abundantly punctate; with long, erect, sparse setae close to eye. Area behind lower eye lobes tumid close to eye; deeply, transversely sulcate close to tumid region; smooth close to prothorax; with long, erect, sparse setae on tumid region, glabrous on remaining surface. Submentum rectangular surrounded by distinct sulcus anteriorly and laterally; moderately finely, sparsely, smoothly punctate; with short and long, erect, moderately abundant setae. Genae finely, sparsely punctate; with minute, sparse setae interspersed laterally with some long, erect setae. Antennal tubercles finely, moderately sparsely punctate; with minute, sparse setae. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.3 times length of scape; distance between lower eye lobes in frontal view 0.5 times length of scape. Antenna 1.35 times elytral length, almost reaching elytral apex. Scape dorsally and laterally finely, moderately abundantly punctate, somewhat scabrous, interspersed with coarser punctures; with minute, sparse setae; with some long, erect setae ventrally. Outer side of antennomere III carinate on distal third; apex forming distinct angle. Antennomere IV with outer side almost entirely carinate, with apex forming very distinct acute angle. Antennomeres V–X with outer side carinate, with apex forming very distinct acute angle. Antennomeres pubescent interspersed with long, erect sparse setae (mainly on ventral side of antennomere III). Antennal formula based on antennomere III: scape = 0.63; pedicel = 0.16; IV = 0.53; V = 0.56; VI = 0.55; VII = 0.54; VIII = 0.48; IX = 0.48; X = 0.46; XI = 0.79.

Thorax. Prothorax slightly longer than wider, distinctly wider at basal margin than anterior margin. Sides of prothorax scabrous, with some long, sparse setae. Pronotum smooth centrally at basal half, starting near basal transverse sulcus; remaining surface with transverse wrinkles interspersed with some punctures on disc of basal half. Prosternum impunctate on basal half; anterior half with transverse, somewhat scabrous region close to transverse central sulcus; basal half with short, erect setae interspersed with some long, erect setae; anterior half with minute, sparse setae. Mesosternal process without tubercle. Ventral side of mesothorax pubescent. Metepisterna pubescent. Metasternum finely, sparsely punctate; area close to metepisternum with narrow band with pubescence; remaining surface with minute, sparse setae interspersed with some long, erect sparse setae close to middle. Scutellum finely, sparsely punctate, mostly glabrous. Elytra. Shiny, minutely, moderately abundantly punctate; glabrous, except for some long setae on distal fifth; apex widely truncate, bispinose (outer spine distinctly broader and longer than sutural spine). Legs. Inner and outer apices of profemora with short, rounded lobe; inner and outer apices of mesofemora with short, subtriangular lobe; inner and outer apices of metafemora with short, triangular lobe.

Abdomen. Ventrites finely, sparsely punctate; with short, moderately sparse setae laterally, with minute, sparse setae centrally, interspersed with some long, erect setae; apex of ventrite V truncate.

Female. Antennae 1.1 times elytral length, reaching about base of distal elytral fourth; antennomere III nodose at apex; apex of antennomere IV forming right angle.

Variation. Antennomere III and IV brown (mainly III); frontal plate finely, sparsely punctate in female paratype; longitudinal depression on each side between frontal plate and antennal socket well-marked, moderately finely, abundantly punctate in paratypes; area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes not longitudinally elevated in male paratype; area between upper eye lobes and prothoracic margin finely, sparsely punctate close to eyes, distinctly coarser, denser punctate close to prothorax in male paratype; area behind lower eye lobes moderately finely, sparsely punctate on area closer to prothorax (mainly on area closer to upper eye lobe), in female paratype; submentum smooth in male paratype; outer side of antennomere III with apex nodose; outer apex of antennomere IV with apex less acute than on paratype, but forming distinct angle.

Dimensions in mm (holotype male/ paratype male/ paratype female). Total length, 24.0/25.6/29.1; prothorax: length, 4.5/4.6/5.1; anterior width, 3.3/3.6/4.0; posterior width, 4.2/4.3/5.2; largest width, 4.6/4.8/5.6; humeral width, 5.8/6.2/7.2; elytral length, 16.6/17.9/20.8.

Type material. TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, Trinidad: Arima Valley (William Beebe Tropical Research Station - Simla), 27.VI–3.VII.1978, C. B. & H. V. Weems col. (Holotype male ( FSCA); paratype male ( MZSP); paratype female ( FSCA).

Etymology. The new species is named after the late Howard Weems (FSCA) who, among other nice accomplishments, initiated and was for many years responsible for the Research Associate program at the FSCA.

Remarks. Coleoxestia weemsi sp. nov. differs from C. spinifemorata mainly by the mesosternal process distinctly not tuberculate, while in the latter the tubercle is very notable. It differs from C. nitida ( Fig. 13 ) by the elytral not parallel-sided, by the outer apex of antennomere IV not nodose, and by the outer apex of antennomeres V–X more projected. In C. nitida the elytra is parallel-sided, the outer apex of antennomere IV is nodose, and the outer apex of antennomeres V–X are less projected. It differs from C. spinipennis spinipennis and C. s. interiorana by the elytra not parallel-sided (parallel-sided in both subspecies), by the sutural spine of elytra distinctly shorter (not notably shorter than outer spine in both subspecies), and by the apex of metafemora with triangular lobe (with rounded lobe in both subspecies). It differs from C. rubromaculata (Gounelle, 1909) by the apex of antennomere IV not nodose, by the elytral punctuation less distinctly, and by the sutural spine of elytral apex distinctly shorter than outer spine. In C. rubromaculata , the apex of antennomere IV is nodose, the elytral punctuation is very distinct, and the sutural spine of elytral apex is not notably shorter than outer spine. According to Eya & Chemsak (2005b), on C. rubromaculata : “This species is recognized by the angulate (or occasionally obtusely angulate) apex of the fourth antennal segment;” and “scape minutely, densely punctate.” However, according to Gounelle (1909) (translated): “scape obconic, punctate-rugose, antennomeres 3–4 with apex nodose” Photograph of the syntype male deposited at MNHN does not allow to see details of the sculpture of the scape, but it is possible to see that the antennomere IV has the apex nodose. In the specimens of C. rubromaculata from Brazil, deposited at MZSP, the scape and antennomere IV agree very well with Gounelle’s description. Furthermore, the holotype, apparently female, of C. bimaculata Fuchs, 1955 (currently in the synonymy of C. rubromaculata ), also agree very well with Gounelle’s description of the antennomere IV.

Coleoxestia weemsi sp. nov. can be included in the alternative of couplet “36”, from Martins & Monné (2005) to South American species of the genus, (translated):

36’(35). Elytra not parallel-sided; outer spine of elytral apex distinctly shorter than sutural spine; apex of metafemora with triangular spine. Trinidad and Tobago................................................................ C. weemsi sp. nov. - Elytra parallel-sided; outer spine of elytral apex not notably shorter than sutural spine; apex of metafemora with rounded lobe.................................................................................................. 36 36(36’). Elytra with single color; femora of the same color as elytra with peduncle broader. Brazil (Minas Gerais to Paraná)........................................................................................ C. spinipennis spinipennis - Elytra with two indistinct maculae, one basal, elongated, not well-delimited, another subapical; femora lighter than elytra with narrower peduncle. Brazil (South Pará, Mato Grosso).................................... C. spinipennis interiorana Coleoxestia weemsi sp. nov. can be included in the alternative of couplet “7”, from Eya and Chemsak (2005a) to Mexican and Central American species of the genus:

7(5). Fourth antennal segment apically rounded or obtusely angulate, apex of 5th segment either rounded, obtusely angulate or angulate; elytra coriaceous or glabrous........................................................................ 8 - Fourth antennal segment apically expanded and angulate, subsequent segments with apices progressively more angulate and slightly recurved; apical half of the 4th segment and usually the entire length of segments 5–11 distinctly carinate, elytra with surface glabrous...................................................................................... 7’ 7’(7). Elytra parallel-sided; outer spine of elytral apex not notably shorter than sutural spine. Nicaragua to Colombia, Brazil............................................................................................. C. rubromaculata - Elytra not parallel-sided; outer spine of elytral apex notably shorter than sutural spine. Trinidad and Tobago.................................................................................................... C. weemsi sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURES 15 – 20. 15, Coleoxestia spinifemorata, male, dorsal habitus. 16 – 20, Coleoxestia weemsi sp. nov.: 16, holotype male, dorsal habitus; 17, holotype male, ventral habitus; 18, holotype male, lateral habitus; 19, holotype male, head; 20, paratype female, dorsal habitus.

FIGURES 8 – 14. 8 – 10, Coleoxestia glabripennis, chromatic variation, dorsal habitus: 8, male; 9 – 10, female. 11, Coleoxestia olivieri, female, dorsal habitus. 12, Coleoxestia spinipennis spinipennis, male, dorsal habitus. 13 – 14, Coleoxestia nitida, male: 13, dorsal habitus; 14, prothorax with lateral spine.