Orothalassodes hypocrites ( Prout, 1912 )

Han, Hongxiang & Xue, Dayong, 2011, Thalassodes and related taxa of emerald moths in China (Geometridae, Geometrinae), Zootaxa 3019, pp. 26-50 : 31

Orothalassodes hypocrites ( Prout, 1912)

Figs 5 , 25 , 44 , 61 , 87

Thalassodes hypocrites Prout, 1912 , in Wytsman, Genera Insectorum, 129: 153. Holotype 3, Singapore. (BMNH) Orothalassodes hypocrites: Holloway, 1996 , Malay. Nat . J., 49 (3–4): 259.

Material examined. Holotype ( BMNH), 3, SINGAPORE: H.N. Ridley, 1900-258 (Slide No. 8691). CHINA: Hainan ( IZCAS): Baisha, Nankai, Nanmaola, 1261 m, 10.V.2009, coll. Chen Fuqiang, 1Ƥ; Wuzhishan, Shuiman, 730–900 m, 7.V.2007, coll. Lang Songyun, 13; Lingshui, Diaoluoshan, 929 m, 11–12.XII.2007, coll. Li Jing, 1Ƥ; Jianfengling, 14.V.1982, coll. Liu Yuanfu, 13. Yunnan ( IZCAS): Luxi, 1200 m, 5.V.1980, coll. Li Hongxing, 13 (Slide No. 1185); Mengla, 16.IV.1982, coll. He Wan, 1Ƥ (ex. KIZCAS); Kunming, Huahongdong, 29.V.1974, coll. Sun Shaorong, 1Ƥ (ex. KIZCAS, Slide No. 1296); Xishuangbanna, Bubeng, 700 m, 14.IX.1993, coll. Yang Longlong, 13. Hong Kong (AG Coll.): Victoria Peak , Hong Kong Island, 13.VI.1993, 1Ƥ. INDIA ( BMNH): Pirmad, Travancore, R.S. Imray, 1902-238, 13; Khasis, XII.1896, Nat . Coll, Rothschild Bequest, B.M. 1939-1, 13; Khasis, Nat . Coll, Ex. Oberthür Coll. Brit. Mus . 1927-3 (other labels: Thalassodes albomaculata Hamps. Hl. Het. IX. 14 g, pl. 170.19), 13; Khasia Hills, Assam, Nissary, Det. by L.B. Prout, Joicey Bequest, Brit. Mus . 1934-120, 13 (Slide No. 8698); Cherrapunji, XI.1893, Assam, Rothschild Bequest, B.M.1939-1 (other labels: Thalassodes hypocrites Prout 3, Seitz. 11k; albomaculata Hampson ), 13; Sikkim, VII.1909, F. Moller, 1910-140, 13; Gopaldhara, Darjeeling, 4720 ft (H. Stevens), VII.1918, Rothschild Bequest, B.M. 1939-1, 1 Ƥ. INDONESIA ( BMNH): 49.24, Lebong Tandai, Benkoalen, Sumatra, VII.1922, C.J. Brooks, Joicey Bequest, Brit. Mus . 1934-120, 1Ƥ (Slide No. 17867); MALAYSIA ( BMNH): PAHANG, F.M.S., Lubok Tamang, 3500 ft, 10.VI.1923, H.M. Pendlebury, L.B. Prout Coll. B.M. 1939-643, ex coll. F.M.S. Museum, 13 (Slide No. 8697); Perak, F.M.S. Batang Padang. Jor Camp, 1800 ft, 5.III.1924, H.M. Pendlebury, L.B. Prout Coll. B.M. 1939-643, ex coll. F.M.S. Museum, 13 (Govrmt. Hill, Penang, 22.III. [18]98, 1000 ft, (Curtis), Rothschild Bequest, B.M. 1939-1, 13; Site 25, April, G. Api 900 m, 427550 Lower montane forest MV and Act, SARAWAK: Gunong Mulu Nat . Park, R.G.S. Exped. 1977-8, J.D. Holloway et al., B.M. 1978-206, 13 (Slide No. 16737).

Diagnosis. On wing pattern, O. hypocrites shares the white spot on the forewing inner margin with O. retaka Holloway, 1996 (Borneo) , O. vivida ( Prout, 1922) ( Moluccas) and O. leucospilota (Moore, 1887) ( Sri Lanka). The fringes are reddish brown, with white spots on the vein ends. Apomorphies of the male genitalia of these four species are, a densely hairy and spinose subcostal area on a simple valva, and a pair of spinose processes posterior to the juxta. However the valva of O. retaka is much broader than in the other three species. Additionally the processes associated with the juxta are of even width in O. hypocrites , slightly curved in O. leucospilota , expanded posteriorly in O. vivida and very broad in O. retaka . There are also differences in the male eighth abdominal segment: the tergite is Y-shaped in O. retaka ; widely Y-shaped in O. vivida ; a relatively wider cleft in O. hypocrites , which is more strongly excavated in O. leucospilota ; the sternite protrudes with a blunt mesal process in the distal margin in O. hypocrites ; in O. vivida and O. leucospilota the sternite has two mesal processes; in O. retaka the sternite bears a cleft. The female genitalia have an oval lamella postvaginalis and wrinkled lamella antevaginalis. The ductus bursae is very broad and sclerotized, bearing a rounded lateral lobe. The corpus bursae is of similar length to the ductus bursae. The signum is bicornute.

Distribution. China (Hainan, Hong Kong, Yunnan), India, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 20. Adults of Thalassodes, Orothalassodes, Pelagodes and Remiformvalva. 1, Thalassodes immissaria; 2, T. intaminata; 3, T. maipoensis; 4, T. opalina; 5, Orothalassodes hypocrites; 6 – 7. O. floccosa. 6, male; 7, female; 8, O. pervulgatus; 9, O. falsaria; 10, Pelagodes antiquadraria; 11, P. proquadraria; 12 – 13, P. semengok; 14, P. paraveraria sp. nov., holotype; 15, P. bellula sp. nov., holotype; 16, P. simplvalvae sp. nov., holotype; 17, P. subquadraria; 18, P. sinuspinae sp. nov., holotype; 19, P. clarifimbria; 20, Remiformvalva viridicaput. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURES 21 – 26. Male genitalia of Thalassodes and Orothalassodes. 21, Thalassodes immissaria; 22, T. intaminata; 23, T. maipoensis; 24, T. opalina; 25, Orothalassodes hypocrites; 26, O. floccosa. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 40 – 57. Aedeagus of Thalassodes, Orothalassodes, Pelagodes and Remiformvalva. 40, Thalassodes immissaria; 41, T. intaminata; 42, T. maipoensis; 43, T. opalina; 44, Orothalassodes hypocrites; 45, O. floccosa; 46, O. pervulgatus; 47, O. falsaria; 48, Pelagodes antiquadraria; 49, P. proquadraria; 50, P. semengok; 51, P. paraveraria sp. nov.; 52, P. bellula sp. nov.; 53, P. simplvalvae sp. nov.; 54, P. subquadraria; 55, P. sinuspinae sp. nov.; 56, P. clarifimbria; 57, Remiformvalva viridicaput. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 58 – 72. The eighth segment of Thalassodes, Orothalassodes and Pelagodes. 58, Thalassodes immissaria; 59, T. intaminata; 60, T. opalina; 61, Orothalassodes hypocrites; 62, O. floccosa; 63, O. pervulgatus; 64, O. falsaria; 65 – 70, Pelagodes antiquadraria; 71, P. proquadraria; 72, P. semengok. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 84 – 96. Female genitalia of Thalassodes, Orothalassodes, Pelagodes and Remiformvalva. 84, Thalassodes immissaria; 85, T. intaminata; 86, T. opalina; 87, Orothalassodes hypocrites; 88, O. floccosa; 89, O. pervulgatus; 90, Pelagodes antiquadraria; 91, P. proquadraria; 92, P. bellula sp. nov.; 93, P. simplvalvae sp. nov.; 94, P. subquadraria; 95, P. clarifimbria; 96, Remiformvalva viridicaput. Scales bars = 1 mm.