Syspasis carinator ( FABRICIUS , 1798)

Riedel, Matthias, 2021, Revision of the Palaearctic species of Syspasis TOWNES, 1965 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ichneumoninae), Linzer biologische Beiträge 53 (2), pp. 775-810 : 781-782

Syspasis carinator ( FABRICIUS, 1798) (figs 3, 4, 17, 25, 35, 49)

Original: Ichneumon carinator FABRICIUS, 1798 . L e c t o t y p e: (♁) carinator (Kopenhavn) , type not studied. syn. nov. Ichneumon rufinus GRAVENHORST, 1820: 336. H o l o t y p e: (♀) (Wroclaw), type not studied. syn. Ichneumon helleri HOLMGREN, 1878: 167 , synonymized by HORSTMANN (2001). syn. Ichneumon tenuidens BERTHOUMIEU, 1904: 13 , synonymized with helleri by DILLER &

HORSTMANN (1997). M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: 52♀♀ and 24♁♁ from Austria, Bulgaria *, Czech Republic,

France, Georgia *, Germany, Greece, Italy, Mallorca, Norway, Poland, Russia (Caucasus), Sicilia,

Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland *, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom, Uzbekistan *.

D e s c r i p t i o n: ♀: Body length 9-12 mm. Flagellum moderately lanceolate, with 33-39 flagellomeres; 1 st flagellomere 2.6-3.0× and 2 nd flagellomere 2.0-2.3× longer than wide; widest flagellomeres 1.4-1.7× wider than long. Temple strongly and roundly narrowed behind eye. OED 0.8-1.5× ocellar diameter. Frons transversely rugose-punctate dorsally, ± smooth ventrally. Face granulate and punctate. Clypeus moderately convex, with weak subapical medial impression. Gena 0.8× as wide as eye. Mandible with two teeth; lower mandibular tooth smaller and slightly bent inwards. MI 0.8. Hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Mesosoma covered with short whitish hairs. Side of pronotum rugose-punctate dorsally, ± striate ventrally. Mesoscutum finely granulate and densely but superficially punctate, shining. Notaulus impressed in frontal 1/4 of mesoscutum. Mesopleuron densely punctate, partly rugose. Metapleuron punctate, partly rugose. Scutellum slightly elevated, square or wider than long, punctate, with lateral carina in basal 0.2-0.6. Area basalis with strong median tubercle. Area superomedia heart- or horseshoe-shaped, as long or slightly longer than wide, granulate; anterior transverse carina reaching area superomedia at its middle. Area externa densely punctate, partly rugulose. Area petiolaris rugose-punctate, without lateral carina. Hind coxa densely punctate and granulate, with large scopa. Hind femur densely punctate, 3.7-4.3× longer than wide. Hind tibia with few external denticular spurs. Areolet pentagonal, frontal distance between veins 2rs-m and 3rs-m 1-2× their width. Vein m-cu reaching areolet in or slightly distad its middle. Vein 1cu-a interstitial. Metasoma strongly oxypygous. Postpetiolus strongly widened; lateral field punctate, 0.7-1.0× as wide as median field; median field with 10-15 fine striae (rarely almost smooth). Thyridium transverse, 1.3-2.0× wider than the interval between thyridia. 2 nd tergite 0.80-0.85× as long as wide. 2 nd to 4 th tergites densely punctate and finely granulate. Ovipositor sheath slender, moderately extending behind metasomal apex (by 0.6-1.3× length of 7 th tergite).

Color: black. Flagellomeres 7/9-12/13, frontal and outer orbits, rarely entire orbits (except malar space), usually collar and hind edge or upper margin of pronotum, usually spot on subtegular ridge, prescutellar ridge, and sometimes lateral and apical stripes on scutellum ivory. Face sometimes and scape ventrally ± reddish. Coxae and trochanters black; legs otherwise blackish or red; sometimes fore tibia frontally, fore and mid femora apically and fore tibiae and tarsi frontally yellowish. Metasoma entirely chestnut-red or 1 st tergite ± blackish. Pterostigma dark brown.

♁: Body length 10-13 mm. Flagellum with 34-36 flagellomeres; 1 st flagellomere 2.2- 2.5× and 2 nd flagellomere 1.8-2.2× longer than wide. Tyloids on flagellomeres 6/7-16/19, oval, maximally 0.8× as long as the flagellomere; apical flagellomeres distinctly separated. OED 0.8-1.2× ocellar diameter. Gena 0.7-0.9× as wide as eye. MI 0.4. Hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Epicnemial carina sometimes slightly elevated behind fore coxae. Scutellum with lateral carina in basal 0.7-0.8. Hind femur 3.7-4.2× longer than wide. Fore metatarsus without apical tooth. Lateral field of postpetiolus 0.7-0.9× as wide as median field. Gastrocoelus distinctly impressed. Thyridium wide, 1.5-2.0× wider than the interval between thyridia. 2 nd tergite 0.9-1.0× as long as wide. 2 nd to 4 th tergites rugose-punctate, ± aciculate medially (4 th tergite only basally).

Color: black. Flagellum sometimes ± reddish ventrally. Palps, base of mandible, side of clypeus, wide facial orbit, spot below antennal sockets, scape ventrally, frontal and outer orbits, collar and hind edge or upper margin of pronotum, sometimes two paramedian stripes on mesoscutum, sometimes spot on mesopleuron, subtegular ridge, prescutellar ridge, often margins of scutellum, spot on fore coxa and rarely on mid coxa yellow. 1 st tergite black, 2 nd to 7 th tergites red, sometimes ± infuscate basally or centrally. Legs blackish or ± red, often fore and mid femora and tibiae yellow frontally, Hind femur ± reddish basally, black apically; hind tibia apically and hind tarsus blackish. Pterostigma dark brown.

Hosts: Thalera fimbrialis (SCOPOLI, 1763 (Lep., Geometridae ), Hemithea aestivaria (HÜBNER, 1789) (Lep., Geometridae ), Selenia dentaria (FABRICIUS, 1775) (Lep., Geometridae ) ( RASNITSYN & SIYTAN 1981).

T a x o n o m i c a l r e m a r k: Syspasis rufinus (GRAVENHORST) and S. carinator (FABRICIUS) (as helleri) have been separated in the past (see RASNITSYN & SIYTAN 1981) due to a different form of areolet and coloration of 1 st tergite and hind femur (both black in S. carinator and ± red in S. rufinus). I found many intermediate forms in the studied material and therefore consider both taxa as variants of a variable species here.