Trichaptum fissile Kossmann & Drechsler-Santos, 2021

Kossmann, Thiago, Costa-Rezende, Diogo Henrique, Góes-Neto, Aristóteles & Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro Ricardo, 2021, A new and threatened species of Trichaptum (Basidiomycota, Hymenochaetales) from urban mangroves of Santa Catarina Island, Southern Brazil, Phytotaxa 482 (2), pp. 197-207 : 200-202

Trichaptum fissile Kossmann & Drechsler-Santos sp. nov. ( Fig. 2 )

MycoBank: MB 834858.

Diagnosis:—Basidiomata resupinate to effused-reflexed, annual to biannual, resupinate up to 30cm in length, (3–)4– 8(–9) pores/mm, hymenophore cracking, two kinds of cystidia and spores cylindrical measuring (6–)6.4–10(–11) × (2–)2.3–3.2(3.5) μm.

Etymology:— fissile (Lat.) : meaning something that cracks or can be cracked, relating to the cracking portions of the hymenophore.

Type:— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Santa Catarina Island , on living trunk of Schinus terebinthifolius , 27º34’56,5’’ S, 48º30’19,9’’ W, 8 march 2018, Kossmann , T. 99, Holotype ( FLOR67488 ). GenBank accession number MK 973089 .

Description:—Basidiomata seasonal to biannual, resupinate to effused-reflexed, up to 300 mm long, 100 mm wide and 6 mm thick, generally thinner (2 mm), unusually pileate, up to 16 mm long, 26 mm wide and 4.5 mm thick. Pilear surface velutinate, whitish (2) to cream (4), concentrically zonate, zonations glabrous and violaceous black (38) with age. Pore surface vinaceous buff (31) to cigar brown (16), hymenophore cracking exposing the context, (3–)4–8(– 9) pores per mm, pores (81–)98.3–343.4(–353) μm wide; dissepiments thin, entire, (30–)40–89(–97) µm thick, pores lacerated on vertical substrata. Sterile margin (0.1–)0.1–2.0(–3.5) mm wide, cottony, fibrose, thinning out, whitish (2) to cream (4), buff (52) to clay buff (32) in pileate parts, up to 0.5 mm wide. Context fibrous, cream (4) to sepia (26), tomentum cottony, lighter, up to 0.75 mm thick.

Hyphal system dimitic; generative hyphae hyaline, thin to moderately thick-walled, 2.0–3.5 µm wide, sparsely branched, with clamps; skeletal hyphae dominating, straight or slightly tortuous, sometimes shortly branched, 4–7 µm wide, inflated parts up to 9 µm, moderately thick-walled to almost solid, with rounded apices, some with secondary simple septa. Hymenium : cystidia hyaline, of two types; cystidia thin to moderately thick-walled, clavate to fusoid, 15–20 × 5–6 µm projecting up to 12 µm, mammilate or rounded, with an apical crown of crystals; skeletocystidia thick-walled to almost solid, bulbous capitate to clavate, 7–12 µm wide, apex rounded to obtuse with a large mass of crystals, not projecting, often with a triangular lumen in the capitate portion. Basidia clavate, difficulty to observe, not measured. Basidiospores cylindrical, (6–)6.4–10(–11) × (2–)2.3–3.2(–3.5) µm, x = 7.7 × 2.7 [= 2.2–3.4–(3.8), = 2.8], hyaline, smooth, thin-walled, IKI-.

Habitat and distribution:—Known only from Santa Catarina Island, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil, in Mangrove Forests and their vicinities, found on branches and trunks of living and dead Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F. Gaertn (1807: 209)., Avicennia schaueriana Stapf & Leechm. ex Moldenke (1939: 336) and Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (1820: 399) .

Conservation:—Vulnerable (VU) A3c ( Dahlberg & Mueller 2011). The species is estimated to undergo a population decline of 30-40% in the next 30 years, due to impacts of climate change on mangroves and deforestation. Full assessment is available at The Global Fungal Red List Initiative platform (http://iucn.ekoo.se/en/iucn/welcome).

Specimens examined (paratypes):— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, UCAD, on dead wood, 16 December 1997, Cruz, Fernandes & Gonçalves 1159 (FLOR11845); ibidem, April 2017, Bittencourt, F. 905 (FLOR63678); ibidem, Parque Municipal do Manguezal do Itacorubi, on dead Avicennia schaueriana , 01 June 2005, Trieveiler-Pereira 13 (FLOR32072, as T. biforme ); ibidem, on dead wood, idem, Trieveiler-Pereira 17 (FLOR32071, as T. byssogenum ); ibidem, on dead Avicennia schaueriana , 26 October 2005, Trieveiler-Pereira & Marcon-Baltazar 68 (FLOR32076, as T. biforme ); ibidem, Parque Municipal do Manguezal do Itacorubi, on living and dead branches of Schinus terebinthifolius , 27°34’40.2”S 48°31’15.2”W, 31 August 2018, Kossmann, T. 145 (FLOR67489); ibidem, idem, Kossmann, T. 147 (FLOR67490); ibidem, Manguezal do Ratones, on dead Avicennia schaueriana , 31 October 2005, Marcon-Baltazar & TriervelierPereira 25 (FLOR32174, as T. byssogenum ); ibidem, on dead wood, 29 November 2005, Marcon Baltazar & Triervelier-Pereira 51 (FLOR32176, as T. byssogenum ); ibidem, on dead Laguncularia racemosa , idem, Marcon-Baltazar & Triervelier-Pereira 54 (FLOR32177, as T. byssogenum ); ibidem, Manguezal do Saco Grande, on Laguncularia racemosa , 28 May 2006, Marcon-Baltazar & Triervelier-Pereira 200 (FLOR32181, as T. byssogenum ); ibidem, Manguezal do Rio Tavares, on dead Avicennia schaueriana , 31 March 2006, Trieveiler-Pereira & Marcon- Baltazar 203 (FLOR32086, as T. biforme ); ibidem, on dead Laguncularia racemosa , 31 June 2006, Trieveiler-Pereira 242 (FLOR32094, as T. biforme ); ibidem, on dead Avicennia schaueriana , 5 August 2006, Triervelier-Pereira, Maccarini & Assis 317 (FLOR32103, as T. biforme ).

Additional s pecimens examined:— Nigrofomes melanoporus . BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Itapoá, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Volta Velha , 29 February 2012, Drechsler-Santos, E. R . 796; Bahia: Uruçuca, Parque Estadual do Condurú , 29 November 2012, Drechsler-Santos, E. R . 891. Trichaptum griseofuscum . BRAZIL. Bahia: Utinga , 1971, H. S . Irwin s.n. ( ALCB30436 , as Irpex sp.). Trichaptum perrottetii . BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Nova Ubiratã, Estação Ecológica do Rio Ronuro , 22 February 2017, Drechsler-Santos , E. R . 1890; ibidem, 23 February 2017, Drechsler- Santos, E. R . 1934. Trichaptum sector . BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Blumenau, Parque Natural Municipal São Francisco de Assis , 13 May 2015, Bittencourt, F . 429 ( FURB 47438 ); ibidem, idem, Bittencourt , F . 430 ( FURB 47439 ); Itapoá, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Volta Velha, 7 March 2013, Drechsler-Santos E. R . 1009; Florianópolis, Ilha de Santa Catarina, Trilha da Lagoinha do Leste , 9 October 2010, Neves, M. A & Smith, N. P 627 ( FLOR 49828 ); São Francisco de Assis, Parque Estadual do Acaraí , 7 August 2014, Drechsler-Santos, E. R . 1383.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Trichaptum fissile. A. Basidioma in situ growing on Schinus terebinthifolius (FLOR67488 – Holotype); B. Cross-section of a basidioma (FLOR67490 – Paratype). C. Hymenophore. D. Thin-walled basidiospores. E. Hymenium. F. Detail of hymenium showing cystidia. G. Cystidia. H. Skeletal hyphae. I. Basidiospore. Bars: A = 10mm; B, C = 1mm; D, E, F, G, H, I = 10µm. Photos by T. Kossmann.