Parachernes (Parachernes) franzi Beier, 1978

Mahnert, Volker, 2014, Pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) from the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador), Revue suisse de Zoologie 121 (2), pp. 135-210 : 194-197

Parachernes (Parachernes) franzi Beier, 1978 Fig. 73

Parachernes franzi Beier, 1978: 544-545 , fig. 8 (type locality: Pinta, Wald mit Scalesia and Espinoso nahe dem Gipfel).

SPECIMENS STUDIED: Fernandina: 39279; 1♀; Lantana area, Bursera Hills , trail from Cabo Hammond to crater, 125 m, sweepnet of herbs and shrubs, Bursera , Croton , 27.IV.1975, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 73192; 13 1♀; Bursera Hills , trail from Cabo Hammond to crater, 125 m, litter sifting under Zanthoxylum , Bursera , Croton , all dry, 20.IV.1975, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39302; 13 1T 2D; west vegetation strip, 30 m, sweeping in Scalesia area, with Bursera, Scutia, Waltheria, Aa lava and ash substrate, 10.VIII.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39267; 1♀; west vegetation strip, 30 m, sweeping in ash delta of stream bed, Croton, Ipomoea , Bursera, Waltheria , 11.VIII.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39280; 1♀ 2T; west vegetation strip, 390 m, remnant of Psychotria forest, Zanthoxylum, Tournefortia rufo-sericea, Psychotria, Cyperus, grass, sweeping, 14.VIII.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – Genovesa: 13 2D 1P; BahiaDarwin, 1 m, backbeach, litterwashing, 27.III.1992, leg. J. Cook & S. Peck. – Isabela: RBINS; 1♀ 3T 2D; Volcan Alcedo, nodate, leg. S. Jacquemart (I.G. 24965). – RBINS; 2♀; VolcanAlcedo, Geyserpools, 900 m, 12.III.1974, leg. S. Jacquemart (130, 131). – 39338; 1♀; aboveSantoTomas, 480 m, screened from litter of Scalesia and fern (away from guajava), 19.I.1978, leg. W. G. Reeder. – FIGS 67-73

Parachernes nigrimanus ( Banks, 1902) , ♀ (Santa Cruz) (67-71), (67, 71-73) Spermathecae, P. nigrimanus , ♀ from Santa Cruz (67), holotype (71), P. galapagensis Beier, 1977 (Espanola) (72), P. franzi Beier, 1978 (Isabela) (73). (68) Left pedipalp. (69) Trichobothrial pattern. (70) Leg IV. Scale units 0.1 mm.

39345; 13 2♀; Sierra Negra, W slope canyon, 800 m, sweeping in fern and Darwiniothamnus, 25.I.1978, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 38943; 13; Volcan Alcedo, Pega Pega Camp, screened from leaf litter in crotches and around trunks of Pisonia, 14.V.1980, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 61383; 13; Volcan Alcedo, tributary barranco, 735 m, sweeping in Alternanthera, Darwiniothamnus, Adiantum fronds and roots, 15.V.1980, leg. W. G. Reeder. – Marchena: RBINS; 1♀ 1P; sommet du cratère, 21.II.1974, leg. S. Jacquemart (98). – 39344; 13 2♀ 1D; SW slope beach camp area, 15 m, old dry finch nest in Chamaesyce, 0.5 m above ground, 25.I.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39322; 1$; SW slope, fumarole area, 175 m, screened from damp Cyperus litter, 3rd fumarole from top, 26.I.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39301; 1♀ 1D; south ridge, 220 m, under bark scales of old Bursera , understorey of Lantana and Croton , 28.I.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39332; 13 2D; south slope, 190 m, sifting of dry litter of Bursera near fumarole ridge, 26.I.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39313; 1♀ 1D; SW slope, trail to fumaroles, 100 m, screening of litter of Waltheria and carillo de caballo, bottom of lava canyon, dry but protected, 26.I.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39307; 1♀; south slope, 190 m, near fumarole ridge, but dry, sweeping in Lantana, Chamaesyce, Croton, Waltheria and carillo de caballo, 28.I.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39292; 1♀; Kipouka, 150 m, sweeping in Chiococca, Lantana, vinous legume, Waltheria, Bursera community, 29.I.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – Pinta: RBINS; 23 2D 1P; prairie sèche, 28.II.1974, leg. S. Jacquemart (113, 115). – 39268; 23 2♀ 1T 1D; south slope, 450 m, sweeping in trees and shrubs, Psychotria, Pisonia, Croton , Zanthoxylum, Tournefortia, Commelina , grasses, 20.I.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39312; 1D; south slope, 380 m, sweeping in Passiflora, Darwiniothamnus, grass, Tournefortia, 20.I.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39248; 1♀ 1T 2D; south slope, 550 m, sweeping in Psychotria, Zanthoxylum, Salvia, Tournefortia , 23.VII.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39284; 1♀; near summit, 625 m, screening of litter, highest Zanthoxylum forest with Tournefortia, ferns contributing, 23.VII.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39253; 13 2♀; summit crater, 640 m, sweeping in wet Pteridium, Tournefortia on floor of small crater, 20 m into fern zone, 22.VII.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – 39254; 1T 1D; south slope, 550 m, screened from finch nest 1.5 m above ground in Zanthoxylum, Psychotria , Zanthoxylum community, 23.VII.1977, leg. W. G. Reeder. – South Plazas: 39262; 1♀; 10-12 m, screening of damp litter under Opuntia pad and rotting Opuntia stump base, 19.III.1975, leg. W. G. Reeder.

SHORT DESCRIPTION (measurements of pedipalps based on 63 13♀ from Bartolome, Fernandina, Isabela, Marchena, North Plazas Is., Pinta, Pinzon, Santiago, South Plazas). Carapace brown, a darker, roughly trapezoid, median spot near posterior margin, lateral whitish spots tapering to lateral margin, tergite I unsclerotized, the following ones brown, with a median dark spot in each half. Carapace 1.0-1.2 longer than broad, mesozone with round, regular granula separated by about their diameter, between them microgranular sculpturing, 4 setae +1/1 preocular setae on anterior margin, 7-11 on posterior one; tergites divided, chaetotaxy similar to that of nigrimanus , tergite XI with 8 clavate and dentate setae (2 discal ones). Chaetotaxy of coxae similar to that of P. nigrimanus , male genital opening with 3-4 smooth internal setae on each side; spermatheca with two tubes leading to oval apical enlargements (Fig. 73); anterior genital operculum of 3 with about 34 long, smooth, curved setae (in semicircular arrangement), that of ♀ with a round field of 20-30 setae; sternites divided, chaetotaxy similar to that of P. nigrimanus , sternite XI with 6 (7) setae, lateral ones slightly longer and dentate. Chelicera with 5 setae (ib finely dentate; rarely both basal setae finely dentate), galea of male stout, with 6 subapical/apical branchlets, that of female more slender, with 6 subapical/apical branchlets, rallum with 3 setae, serrula exterior with 18-20 lamellae.

Pedipalps: trochanter with rounded dorsal hump, 1.7-1.8 times longer than broad, femur basolaterally obliquely enlarged, 2.5-2.9 (♀ 2.6-3.3) times, patella 2.4- 2.6 (♀ 2.3-2.7) times, club 1.8-1.9 (3♀) times, hand with pedicel 1.8-1.9 (♀ 1.8-2.0) times longer than broad and 1.2-1.3 (♀ 1.3-1.6) times longer than finger, chela with pedicel 3.1-3.3 (♀ 2.8-3.3) times, without pedicel 2.9-3.0 (♀ 2.7-3.0) times longer than broad; fingers not gaping, fixed finger with 33-42 teeth and 3-10(!) (antiaxial)/2-3 (paraxial) accessory teeth; movable finger with 34-37 teeth and 2-8/(0, one chela)/1-2 accessory teeth; venom duct long, nodus ramosus slightly proximal to t, a thin, short venom duct present in fixed finger, reaching et.

LegI: femur 1.5-1.6 timeslongerthandeepand 1.5-1.6 timeslongerthan patella, patella 2.4-2.8 times, tibia 3.2-3.7 (♀ 3.6-4.2) times, tarsus 5.6-5.9 (♀ 5.1-5.7) timeslongerthandeep; legIV: femur+patella 3.3-3.5 (♀ 3.4-3.9) times, tibia 4.4-4.5 (♀ 4.4-5.0) times, tarsus 5.0-5.6 (♀ 4.8-5.3) timeslongerthandeep; tarsuswithshort pseudotactile, finely dentate (one denticle) seta (as long as tarsus depth); simple arolium shorter than smooth claws.

MEASUREMENTS of 3 (♀): Totallength 1.8-2.9 (3♀). Carapace 0.66/0.66 (0.69/0.83). Pedipalps: trochanter 0.33-0.34/0.18-0.19 (0.34-0.41/0.19-0.23), femur 0.51-0.61/0.18-0.23 (0.56-0.72/0.21-0.22), patella 0.51-0.59/0.19-0.25 (0.54-0.67/ 0.22-0.25), handwithpedicel 0.55-0.60/0.29-0.34 (0.62-0.77/0.31-0.39), lengthof pedicel 0.07-0.08 (0.08-0.09), offinger 0.43-0.49 (0.42-0.52), ofchelawithpedicel 0.90-1.03 (1.00-1.23). LegI: femur 0.17-0.18/0.12 (0.18-0.23/0.11-0.15), patella 0.26- 0.28/0.11-0.12 (0.27-0.35/0.10-0.13), tibia 0.26-0.27/0.07-0.08 (0.25-0.34/0.07-0.09), tarsus 0.30-0.32/0.05 (0.26-0.37/0.05-0.06); legIV: femur+patella 0.50-0.51/0.14-0.16 (0.52-0.71/0.15-0.17), tibia 0.39-0.40/0.09 (0.41-0.56/0.08-0.11), tarsus 0.33-0.36/ 0.06-0.07 (0.30-0.43/0.06-0.08).

REMARKS: Beier (1978) recorded this species from the islands of Isabela (Volcan Sierra Negra, 900 and 1000 m) and Marchena (Palo-Santo-Wald mit Opuntien, Gesiebe aus morschem Palo-Santo-Stamm) .