Giardia spp

Hillman, Alison E., Ash, Amanda L., Lymbery, Alan J. & Thompson, R. C. Andrew, 2019, Anthropozoonotic significance, risk factors and spatial distribution of Giardia spp. infections in quenda (Isoodon obesulus) in the greater Perth region, Western Australia, International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 9, pp. 42-48 : 45

3.2. Giardia spp . in quenda - risk factors for infection

On univariable analysis, there was at least weak evidence (p ≤ 0.10) of an association between Giardia spp . infection in quenda and habitat type, season, infection with several taxonomic groupings of gastrointestinal parasites ( Cryptosporidium spp. , Labiobulura spp. , Linstowinema spp. and Trichuris spp. ) and flea and mesostigmatan mite infection intensities ( Table 1).

On multivariable analysis, quenda infected with Cryptosporidium spp. had over 20 times the odds of infection with Giardia spp . (adjusted OR = 20.4, 95% CI 8.38–49.6); and quenda with flea infections had at least three times the odds of Giardia spp . infection than those without (adjusted OR for low intensity infections = 3.31 (95% CI 1.61–6.81); adjusted OR for high intensity infections = 4.83 (95% CI 2.10–11.1). After controlling for confounding, there was no longer evidence of an association between Giardia spp . infection and the other factors associated on univariable analyses ( Table 2).