Chaerophyllum L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1981, Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae, Cambridge University Press : 324-325

12. Chaerophyllum L. 2

Leaves 1- to 3-pinnate or ternate. Sepals obsolete. Petals white, pinkish or yellow, emarginate; apex inflexed. Fruit narrowly oblong to very narrowly ovoid, more or less gradually narrowed towards the scarcely beaked apex, slightly compressed laterally. Ridges wide and rounded; vittae solitary.

1 Petals distinctly ciliate; styles nearly erect, forming a very acute angle (7-9). hirsutum group

1 Petals not ciliate; styles nearly always divergent

2 Leaf-lobes almost undivided

3 Leaf-lobes greyish beneath, with a dense, white tomentum over most of the lower surface

4 Leaf-lobes with deep, rather irregular serrations; petiole with a ± dense covering of patent hairs 6. azoricum

4 Leaf-lobes rather irregularly crenate-serrate; petiole with short, crispate hairs 3. heldreichii

3 Leaf-lobes greenish beneath, glabrous or with hairs ± confined to the veins

5 Leaf-lobes finely and regularly serrate, obliquely subcordate at base; lobes of upper leaves acute 2. byzantinum

5 Leaf-lobes coarsely serrate, obliquely cuneate at base; lobes of upper leaves acuminate 1. aromaticum

2 Leaf-lobes deeply divided

6Bracteoles membranous, very conspicuous in fruit; flowers yellow

7 Bracts 0-1, small, subulate; fruit c. 10 mm 4. coloratimi

7 Bracts prominent, membranous, sometimes divided and leaf-like; fruit c. 20 mm 5. creticum

6 Bracteoles herbaceous, with a narrow membranous margin, relatively inconspicuous in fruit; flowers white or pinkish

8 Perennial; fruit 8-12 mm 11. aureum

8 Biennial; fruit 4-7 mm

9 Plant with an elongate tap-root; stem setose; bracteoles hairy 12. temulentum

9 Plant with a short, tuberous root; stem glabrous above; bracteoles glabrous 10. bulbosum