Timonius palawanensis Elmer (1912: 1360)

Chen, Junhao & Wong, Khoon Meng, 2020, Typification and nomenclatural notes on Bornean Timonius (Rubiaceae: Guettardeae), Phytotaxa 446 (2), pp. 114-120 : 118

Timonius palawanensis Elmer (1912: 1360)

Type: — PHILIPPINES. Palawan, Brooks Point, Addison Peak , Feb 1911 (♂), Elmer 12705 (lectotype A [A00094665], designated here; isolectotypes, BISH [BISH1004781], BO, E [E00504406], F, GH [GH00094664], HBG [HBG520961], K [K000763549], L [L0001450], NY [NY00133423], U [U0227797], US [ US 00138428]) .

= Timonius villamilii Merrill (1917b: 240)

Type:—BORNEO. British North Borneo, “ Nov 1916 and Feb 1917 ” (♀), Villamil 252 bis (lectotype K [K000763562], designated here; isolectotypes A [A00312915], US [ US 00138439]) .

= Timonius heterophyllus Merrill (1917b: 243)

Type:—BORNEO. Malaysia, Sabah, Khota Balud to Kibaya, trail to Mount Kinabalu, 28 Oct 1915 (♂), Clemens 9811 (lectotype A [A00312907], designated here).

Notes: —Although a single collection (Elmer 12705) is cited as the type material of T. palawanensis , many duplicates in various herbaria exist and a specimen in PNH must have been destroyed during the war. Because Elmer has worked in A (apart from PNH) and the A specimen has a well-preserved corolla, the A sheet is here designated as lectotype.

For T. villamilii, Merrill cited the collection “ Villamil 252 bis ” as type material, which comprises three extant duplicates in various herbaria and a specimen in PNH that must have been destroyed during World War II. Merrill (1917a) stated that the type material of his Bornean species was preserved in PNH. The holotype is thus destroyed, and we here designate the K sheet with well-preserved corolla and fruit as lectotype.

For T. heterophyllus , only a single specimen of the original material is extant in A; a duplicate in PNH must have been destroyed during the war. Chen et al. (2015) regarded the destroyed PNH specimen as holotype and did not perform any lectotypification. We therefore here select the A sheet as lectotype.