Penia babai Kishii, 1994
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5375.3.1 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:27D02F09-01B7-457A-8A99-D8644B7B6ADE |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10201478 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE8A2D-FFA0-CF6F-FF47-ED34FC43FCF8 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Penia babai Kishii, 1994 |
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( Figures 4–7 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 )
Csikia dimatoides Szombathy, 1910 ; Kishii, 1991: 3 (record of female from Kaohsiung City, Taiwan) [misidentification].
Penia babai Kishii, 1994: 211 (original description; type locality: Taiwan, Kaohsiung City, Liouguei District, Mt. Wukon Shan); Suzuki, 1999: 121 (catalogue); Cate, 2007: 185 (catalogue); Platia, 2008: 193 (record of male from Kaohsiung City, Taiwan); Kundrata et al., 2018: 36 View Cited Treatment (catalogue).
Type material. Holotype. Female, Taiwan, Kaohsiung City, near Liouguei District, Mt. Wukon Shan , 3 VI 1989, Kintarô Baba leg. [ OMNH; 5481]. Verbatim label data ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ). “Female symbol”; “HOLOTYPE”; “5481”; “Mt. Wu Kon Shan,/ near Liu kuei,/ S-Taiwan/ 3. VI. 1989 / Col. K. Baba ”; “ Penia / babai/ KISHII, sp. n. / Det. KISHII, ’93”.
Non-type material. Taiwan. 1 male, Nantou County, Ren’ai Township, Nanshan Xi , 19 IV 1985, collector unknown [ OMNH; PBK01 ] ; 1 male, Kaohsiung City, Taoyuan District, Tengjhih , 5 V 1985, collector unknown [ OMNH; PBK02 ] ; 1 female, Kaohsiung City, Liouguei District , 4 VII 1981, T . Kamakari leg. [ OMNH; PBK03 ] ; 1 female, Kaohsiung City, Liouguei District, Mt. Nanho Shan , 18 V 1985, collector unknown [ OMNH; PBK04 ] ; 1 male, Kaohsiung City, Taoyuan District, Mt. Pao-shan (as Chungshinrun in data label), 20 V 1975, K. Matsuda leg. [ OMNH; PBK05 ] ; 1 male, Kaohsiung City, near Liouguei, Gokang Shan , 7 V 1991, M. Yagi leg. [ OMNH; 6689].
Diagnosis. This species is characterized by the following features: eyes 0.3 x longer than interocular distance in dorsal view; antennae extending beyond pronotum posterior lateral apices by antennomere VI or VII, surpassing elytral half by antennomere XI; antennomeres III distinctly longer than II; IV 1.3–1.4 x longer than III, 0.8–0.9 x longer than II–III combined; apical maxillary palpomere 1.9–2.4 x longer than wide, shorter than maximum length of eye; pronotum straightly and slightly narrowed ahead of hind angles; posterior edge of pronotum with sublateral incisions; hind angles of pronotum broad, weakly protruding posterolaterad; hypomeron with distinct mesial projection; anterior angle of hypomeron almost right angle; hind angle of hypomeron broadly triangular; scutellar shield almost as long as wide; mesosternal process between mesocoxae distinctly higher than mesocoxae, visible in lateral view; posterior edge of mesosternal process 0.2–0.25 x wider than total width of mesosternum; elytron 3.1–3.6 x longer than wide, 2.5–2.7 x longer than pronotum length; abdominal ventrite V semicircular, rounded apically; phallobase 0.9 x longer than wide; apex of parameres beyond preapical expansions large triangular; apex length 0.4–0.6 x width of parameres at expansions in ventral side; spiculum ventrale 5.6 x longer than length of sternite VIII; ovipositor longer than length of abdomen.
This species is similar to P. tsou in features of the eyes, the basal antennomeres, the apical maxillary palpomere, the hind angles of the pronotum, the anterior and hind angles of the hypomeron, the scutellar shield, the mesosternal process between mesocoxae, the elytron, and the abdominal ventrite V. It is distinguished by antenna length, the shapes of the pronotum and apex of parameres, and the degree of development of the mesial projection of the hypomeron (see diagnosis of P. tsou ).
Measurements. Male (n=4). BL: 8.62–10.6, BW: 3.32–4.24, MAE: 1.34–1.67, MBE: 0.83–1.10, OI: 151–162, PL: 2.24–2.75, PML: 1.75–2.13, PW: 2.69–3.52, PAW: 1.46–1.84, PLI: 78.2–83.3, PWI: 178–191, EL: 5.67–7.43, EW: 1.67–2.06, EI: 253–270, BI: 253–270. Female (n=3; holotype in parentheses). BL: 7.83–9.23 (8.30), BW: 3.29–3.86 (3.48), MAE: 1.32–1.48 (1.40), MBE: 0.83–0.97 (0.91), OI: 152–160 (154), PL: 2.20–2.58 (2.32), PML: 1.72–2.06 (1.83), PW: 2.69–3.15 (2.80), PAW: 1.45–1.73 (1.54), PLI: 81.6–82.9 (82.9), PWI: 182–186 (182), EL: 5.40–6.49 (5.75), EW: 1.71–1.94 (1.77), EI: 315–334 (325), BI: 246–251 (247).
Redescription. Body broad, widest ahead of elytral midlength ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ); surface generally smooth; interspaces between punctures distinctly larger than fine puncture diameter ( Fig. 4B, C View FIGURE 4 ). Color. Body light orange to dark red ( Fig. 4B, D View FIGURE 4 ). Lateral margin of elytra paler. External edge of mandible, lateral and posterior edges of pronotum, posterior edge of prosternum, outer and posterior edges of hypomere, external edge of scutellum, posterior edge of mesosternum and anterior edge of elytra black. Antennae reddish brown or black. Legs light orange to reddish brown. Body covered with long yellow setae.
Head. Frons flatted medially ( Fig. 5A, B View FIGURE 5 ); frontal carina not complete ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ); frontal margin rectangular but broadly rounded apically in dorsal view ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ); frontoclypeal region protruding beyond base of labrum. Eyes relatively normal in convexity, 0.3 x longer than interocular distance in dorsal view ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ). Antennae extending beyond pronotum posterior lateral apices by antennomere VI in male and by VII in female, surpassing elytral half by antennomere XI; antennomeres longer than wide; II obconical, shortest, 1.2–1.7 x longer than wide; III weakly serrated, 2.1–2.4 x longer than wide, 1.7–2.0 x longer than II; IV –XI filiform; IV 2.6 – 3.5 x longer than wide, 1.3–1.4 x longer than III, 0.8–0.9 x longer than II – III combined ( Fig. 5C, D View FIGURE 5 ); V 3.0–3.6 x longer than wide, 1.0–1.1 x longer than IV; XI 4.1 – 5.6 x longer than wide, 1.0–1.2 x longer than X. Mandible bidentate ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ). Apical maxillary palpomere semicircular or triangular in holotype ( Fig. 5E View FIGURE 5 ) and left side of non-type ( PBK04 ), 1.9–2.4 x longer than wide, shorter than maximum length of eyes; anterior edge rounded .
Prothorax. Pronotum hexagonal, 0.8 x longer than wide, roundly widening anteriorly, straightly and moderately narrowed ahead of hind angles, widest just ahead of posterior lateral apices ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ) but in holotype widest at midlength and just ahead of posterior lateral apices ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ), tallest around midlength ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ), without median longitudinal depression posteriorly; anterior edge strongly concave; anterior angles simple, nearly right angle; punctate lateral ridge extending from anterior angles to hind angles ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ); hind angles simple, broad, weakly protruding posterolaterad; posterior edge with a sublateral incision near each hind angle, without carinae next to sublateral incisions ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ). Hypomeron with distinct mesial projection ( Fig. 5G View FIGURE 5 : arrow); anterior angle almost right angle; mesial edge almost straight; mesial and posterior margins with impunctate ridge ( Fig. 5G View FIGURE 5 ); posterior margin with rectangular projection between two large emarginations; hind angle broadly triangular. Prosternum nearly straight ventrally in lateral view; anterior lobe not protruding beyond prosternal ventral line in lateral view ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ); anterior edge broadly rounded but nearly straight apically in ventral view ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ). Prosternal process broad, 1.8–2.1 x longer than procoxal cavity length, concave between procoxae, strongly curved dorsad from the middle of procoxal cavities in lateral view ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ), without subapical tooth; dorsal lobe roundly expanded ahead of apex in ventral view ( Fig. 5H View FIGURE 5 ); ventral lobe roundly expanded near base and then abruptly narrowed posteriad in ventral view ( Fig. 5H View FIGURE 5 ); ventral margin strongly and triangularly expanded medially in lateral view ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ); apex rounded in lateral and ventral views ( Fig. 5F, H View FIGURE 5 ). Pronotosternal sutures not grooved ( Fig. 5G View FIGURE 5 ), sinuate in ventral view ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ), moderately opened anteriorly. Scutellar shield tongue-shaped ( Fig. 5I View FIGURE 5 ), 0.9–1.0 x longer than wide, widest anteriorly, weakly narrowed behind anterior ridge, almost parallel-sided in anterior half and then narrowed posterad, flat, inclined anterior-downwards, visible in lateral view ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ); anterior edge broadly rounded, in some slightly protruding medially; posterior edge rounded. Mesosternum: borders of mesosternal cavity straight anteriorly and then curved ventrad in right angle in lateral view ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ); mesosternal process between mesocoxae distinctly higher than mesocoxae, visible in lateral view ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 : white arrow); posterior edge 0.2–0.25 x wider than total width of mesosternum, weakly emarginate ( Fig. 5J View FIGURE 5 ). Mesepisternum reaching mesocoxal cavity ( Fig. 5J View FIGURE 5 ). Metasternum sulcate medially and ahead of metacoxal cavities ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ). Metacoxal plate narrowed toward outer side, becoming like a parallel-sided bar at its outer 2/ 5 in ventral view ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ). Elytron broadly strongly convex, but with outer margin widely depressed, widest ahead of midlength, 3.1–3.6 x longer than wide, 2.5–2.7 x longer than pronotum length; apex rounded; elytral striae defined by lines of elongated punctures. Hind wings fully developed. Tibiae with paired spurs; relative tarsomere lengths: IV<III II<V<I; tarsomeres III and IV with lobe ventrally ( Fig. 5K View FIGURE 5 ).
Abdomen. Ventrite V semicircular, rounded apically ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ), 0.45–0.6 x longer than wide. Male. Tergites and sternites VIII‒X yellow. Tergite VIII 0.8 x longer than wide, trapezoidal, narrowed posterad; posterior margin nearly straight ( Fig. 6A View FIGURE 6 ). Sternite VIII posteriorly widely concave between two projections ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ). Tergite IX almost as long as wide; median notch 0.7 x total length of tergite IX ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ). Tergite X longer than wide, rounded apically ( Fig. 6C View FIGURE 6 ). Sternite IX 2.3 x longer than wide, constricted ahead of midlength ( Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ), rounded apically. Aedeagus yellow ( Fig. 6E, F View FIGURE 6 ). Phallobase 0.3 x total length of aedeagus, 0.9 x longer than wide. Median lobe exceeding apices of parameres by apical 1/10; basal struts 0.3 x total length of median lobe. Parameres broad, not fused ventrally ( Fig. 6E View FIGURE 6 ); preapical expansions protruding laterad ( Fig. 6G View FIGURE 6 ); apex beyond preapical expansions large triangular ( Fig. 6G View FIGURE 6 ), with a seta dorsally, with a seta ventrally; apex length 0.4–0.6 x width of parameres at expansions in ventral side.
Female. Tergite VIII and sternite VIII yellow. Terigite VIII semicircular, 1.1 x longer than wide ( Fig. 7A View FIGURE 7 ); sternite VIII (between base of spiculum ventrale and apex) semicircular, 0.9 x longer than wide ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 ; the pregenital segments and genitalia of holotype had been mounted in balsam on slides and were distorted by the pressure exerted by the coverslip, Fig. 7C, D View FIGURE 7 ); spiculum ventrale 5.6 (in holotype 4.5) x longer than length of sternite VIII ( Fig. 7E View FIGURE 7 ). Ovipositor 1.2 x longer than length of abdomen; coxites two segmented at ventral side ( Fig. 7F View FIGURE 7 ), with several setae each dorsally, ventrally, and apically; stylus with several setae apically ( Fig. 7F View FIGURE 7 ). Vagina short; bursa copulatrix elongated spheroid, without sclerotized structures ( Fig. 7G View FIGURE 7 ), with a short sac posteriorly ( Fig. 7G View FIGURE 7 : arrow 1), with a sac around midlength ( Fig. 7G View FIGURE 7 : arrow 2).
Distribution. Taiwan: Nantou County and Kaohsiung City ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ).
| OMNH |
Osaka Museum of Natural History |
| V |
Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium |
| T |
Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics |
| VI |
Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Penia babai Kishii, 1994
| Arimoto, Kôichi 2023 |
Penia babai
| Kundrata, R. & Musalkova, M. & Kubaczkova, M. 2018: 36 |
| Platia, G. 2008: 193 |
| Cate, P. C. 2007: 185 |
| Suzuki, W. 1999: 121 |
| Kishii, T. 1994: 211 |
Csikia dimatoides
| Kishii, T. 1991: 3 |