Therates tonkinensis Horn, 1902

Wiesner, Jürgen, 2013, The chennelli group of the Genus Therates Latreille (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) 114. Contribution towards the knowledge of Cicindelidae, Insecta Mundi 2013 (315), pp. 1-86 : 36-37

34. Therates tonkinensis Horn ( Fig. 269)

Therates tonkinensis Horn 1902: 73 , 74.

Therates tonkinensis . Horn 1908a: 29, f. 69; Horn 1910: 194; Horn 1926: 114; Wiesner 1988: 20, 21, f. 24, 82, 83, 242, 308, 402; Wiesner 1992: 90; Cassola 2004: 25.

Type depository. Lectotype female and eight syntypes (four males, four females) in SDEI.

Type status. Lectotype female! (here designated) Type labels: “ Tonkin, Montes Mauson, April, Mai 2- 3000’, H. Fruhstorfer ” [printed]; ” Syntypus “ [printed, red]; “tonkinensis mihi” [handwritten, light yellow, with black borders]; “Type!, Dr. W. Horn “ [printed, with black borders]; “ LECTOTYPE THERATES tonkinensis W. HORN, 1902 , ded J. Wiesner 2013” [printed, red] . Syntypes! Type labels: “ Tonkin, Montes Mauson, April, Mai 2-3000’, H. Fruhstorfer ” [printed] ; ” Syntypus “ [printed, red]; “Type!, Dr. W. Horn “ [printed, with black borders] .

Therates tonkinensis kubani Wiesner 1988: 20 , f. 81, 309, new synonymy.

Therates tonkinensis kubani . Wiesner 1992: 90; Matalin 2001: 387.

Type depository. Holotype male in JWGC, two paratype males in NHMW.

Type status. Holotype male! Type labels: “N VIETNAM Tam-Dao, Prov. Vinh Phu, leg. Kuban,2.- 11.6.1985 ” [printed, white, with yellow borders]; “ THERATES , tonkinensis, kubani n. ssp, det. J.Wiesner 1986” [handwritten and printed, white]; “ HOLOTYPUS ” [typewritten, red] . Paratypes! Type labels: “N- VIETNAM Tam-Dao, Prov. Vinh phu, leg. Kuban, 2.- 11.6.1685 " [printed] ; “ PARATYPUS ” [red, handwritten]; “tonkinensis kubani Wiesner , det. Wiesner 86” [handwritten] .

Nomenclatural note. Wiesner (1988) described Th. kubani based on six specimens. Subsequentally, twenty-two additional specimens have been examined which exhibit highly variable elytral punctuation, as well as variability in the coloration of the labrum; based on this, the subspecies Th. tonkinensis kubani is placed into synonymy.

Diagnosis. Distinguished by the combination of short antennae, short humeral lunule, the angular central dot.

Re-description. Size: Total length (without labrum) 8.0 mm- 11.2 mm, (mean= 9.9 mm, n=31). Head: Shining greenish black. Mandibles yellowish, brownish distally in females, teeth brownish marginally. Labrum (male Fig. 278, females Figs. 279, 280) as wide as long, completely yellow or blackish laterally, yellowish in the center, or completely black, with six apical teeth (seven in one female) and one lateral tooth. Labial and maxillary palpi yellowish. Antennae lanceolate, extending posteriorally to elytral shoulders in males, somewhat shorter in the females, scape with a single apical bristle, antennomeres 2 to 5 glabrous, antennomeres 6 to 11 finely and evenly pubescent; scape yellowish above, black on underside, all the other antennal segments brownish or blackish. Distal two elements obviously enlarged in males. Clypeus glabrous. Frons smooth, with a transverse furrow in the posterior part of the orbital plates. Thorax: Pronotum shining greenish black, as long as wide, constricted in front and at back, transverse furrows strong, middle line and lateral lines nearly obsolete, middle line with several transverse short branches. Elytra: Shining black, in some specimens transparent brown apically, with basal and apical humps, distinctly punctate in front, shallower or absent in the apical half ( Fig. 270, 271). Apex with angular lateral and sutural corner or lateral and sutural tooth, straight or slightly recurved between. Maculation yellow, composed of a short humeral lunule, basal dot, and angular central dot orientated perpendicular to the suture ( Figs. 272-276). Apical margin sometimes yellow. Humeral lunule and basal dot are sometimes connected at the base. Ventral aspect: Venter black. Legs brownish yellow to dark, base of femora lighter. Aedeagus: ( Fig. 277) curved, tip produced with a small hook, total length 2.3 mm.

Distribution. Vietnam (Lao Cai, Lang Son, Vinh Phuc, Tuyen Quang, Cao Bang).

Localities. VIETNAM, Lao cai, Hoang Lien Son, 11.-15.v.1990 (NHMW), Vinh phuc, Tam Dao, 9.vi.1980 (NHMW), 7.-10.vi.1981, 1300 m (JWCG), 2.-11.vi.1985 (JMCC), 27.v.-2.vi.1986 (ZSMC), 13.-22.v.1989 (NHMW), v.1990 (ZSMC), 4.-11.vi.1990 (JMCC), 16.-23.v.1991, ~ 900 m (NHMW), v.1996 (JMCC, OSCC), Vinh Phuc, Tam Dao, 70 km NW Hanoi, 11.-17.v.1996, 900- 1200 m (ZSMC), 3.-7.vi.1996, 900- 1200 m (ZSMC), Vinh Phuc, Tam Dao, Tam Dao Nat. Park, 28.v.2011, 1000 m (PSGC), Vinh phuc, Tam Dao NP, Tam-Dao env., 900-1200 m, 8-18.v.2012 (HSJC), Cao Bang, BaBe Nat. Park, 7.-11.v. 1997, 180 m, forest (RNFC), Tuyen Quang, Na Hang Reserve, 16.-20.v. 1997, 300 m, rainforest (JWCG).

Remarks. Th. tonkinensis is a highly variable species, e.g., color of the labrum varies from completely yellow to completely black, punctuation of elytral apical half varies from distinct to shallow, color of legs varies from yellow to black.