Hirundinidae, Rafinesque, 1815

Somenzari, Marina, Amaral, Priscilla Prudente do, Cueto, Víctor R., Guaraldo, André de Camargo, Jahn, Alex E., Lima, Diego Mendes, Lima, Pedro Cerqueira, Lugarini, Camile, Machado, Caio Graco, Martinez, Jaime, Nascimento, João Luiz Xavier do, Pacheco, José Fernando, Paludo, Danielle, Prestes, Nêmora Pauletti, Serafini, Patrícia Pereira, Silveira, Luís Fábio, Sousa, Antônio Emanuel Barreto Alves de, Sousa, Nathália Alves de, Souza, Manuella Andrade de, Telino-Júnior, Wallace Rodrigues & Whitney, Bret Myers, 2018, An overview of migratory birds in Brazil, Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 58, pp. 1-66 : 32

Hirundinidae

Stelgidopteryx ruficollis (MPR) : occurs from Costa Rica to northeastern Argentina; it seems to be resident in the north and migratory in the south of its distribution, forming large flocks after the breeding season ( Turner, 2004). The only subspecies in Brazil, S. r. ruficollis , occurs in southeastern Colombia, eastern Venezuela, Guianas and Brazil to eastern Peru, Bolivia, northern and northeastern Argentina and Uruguay. It has been recorded in Colombia and Suriname during the non-breeding season and it seems to also occur in neighboring countries. However, its distribution during the non-breeding season is still unknown ( Turner, 2016b). This species seems to occur in tropical, hot, humid lowlands during winter in the Southern Hemisphere and fly between breeding areas in January, and non-breeding areas in July ( Joseph, 1996). In Brazil, according to photographic records and banding data, it is resident in almost the entire national territory, except for RS ( Accordi & Hartz, 2013) and SC, from where it vanishes in June and July (SNA, 2016; WikiAves, 2016).

Progne tapera (MPR) : the nominotypical subspecies is resident and occurs from northern South America and Central America to the Amazonian region and northeastern Brazil. The subspecies P. t. fusca is migratory; breeds in eastern Bolivia, Argentina, southeastern and southern central Brazil; and migrates to northern South America and Panama. It gathers in large flocks of hundreds or thousands of individuals after the breeding season, and eventually joins other swallows ( Turner, 2004). These populations reach Central America usually in large numbers, where they join resident populations of P. t. tapera ( Sick, 1997) . In Brazil, there is evidence of breeding activity in BA, MS, GO, MG, RJ, SP, PR, SC (WikiAves, 2016) and RS ( Belton,1985; Maurício et al., 2013). In RS, it is considered an austral migrant ( Accordi & Hartz, 2013) – present from September to May ( Belton, 1985) –, as well as in SC (WikiAves, 2016). In the region of CamaÇari/ BA, both subspecies were recorded between May and August, and one individual of P. t. fusca banded in CamaÇari in May was recovered in Serra do CaraÇa/MG in December,probably returning from the north ( Vasconcelos et al., 2003).

Progne chalybea (MPR) : occurs from Mexico to northern Argentina and exhibits a migratory pattern in the south part of its distribution ( Turner, 2004), where it is represented by the subspecies P. c. macrorhamphus ( Grantsau, 2010). It begins nesting in RJ and MT in August-September, and departs from southern and central Brazil in the fall (March-May), when it migrates to the north of the continent, where there is a resident Amazonian population (P.c. chalybea ). Large flocks have been recorded in ES (February), AM (July) and MT (October) ( Sick, 1997). In RS, it breeds from October to December ( Belton,1985; Maurício et al., 2013; WikiAves, 2016) where it is considered migratory ( Accordi & Hartz, 2013). According to photographic records, there is also evidence of breeding activity in the Amazon and in the Southeast and South regions. In addition, it is present in SP, PR, SC and RS all year round (WikiAves, 2016), which suggests a need for further studies to confirm if only part of its population is migratory.

Petrochelidon pyrrhonota (MPR) : breeds in North America between late April and early August, and remains during boreal winter in South America, gathering in flocks that can reach thousands of birds. Individuals depart from their colonies between July and September, reach South America between October and December and return between February and April ( Turner, 2004). Specimens banded as chicks in the USA in June were recovered in SC and SP in Brazil in January ( Sick,1997),which confirms that the Southeast and South regions of Brazil are wintering areas. In Brasília/DF, it is extremely localized when passing through to the south in early October ( Antas, 1987). In the region of Itirapina/SP, it has been record- ed from late October to November, including in large numbers (around 850 individuals) in 1992 ( Willis, 2004). In RS, it has been recorded from September to April ( Belton, 1985), and there seems to be a recently established breeding population in the southeast of the Pampas in South America ( Azpiroz et al., 2012). Photographic records in Brazil are centered in the period between October and April (WikiAves, 2016), which confirms the known migratory pattern.