Eurygarka freyrei, Ježek & Pont & Martinez & Mollinedo & Insad & Ibba, 2011

Ježek, Jan, Pont, François Le, Martinez, Eddy, Mollinedo, Sergio, Insad & Ibba, n Edificio, 2011, Three new species of non-biting moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae) from Bolivia, with notes on higher taxa of the subfamily, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (1), pp. 183-210 : 186-190

Eurygarka freyrei sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–25 )

Type locality. Bolivia, Cieneguillas, 1200 m a.s.l., 16°35′S 67°26′W ( Figs. 79B , 85, 86 ).

Type material. HOLOTYPE: J, BOLIVIA: ‘ Subandean Region, Cieneguillas near La Plazuela , department of La Paz, Inquisivi province , 1200 m a.s.l., 16°35′S 67°26′W, iii.–iv. 2008, F. Le Pont leg.’ ( NMPC, slide Cat. No. 34504, Inv. No. 18868) . PARATYPE: 1 J, same data as holotype ( CBF).

Description. Male. Eyes not touching ( Fig. 1 ), eye-bridge of four facet rows ( Fig. 18 ), frons conspicuously very narrow, without insertions of hairs, interocular suture V-shaped with a short terminal straight line in upper part. The field of insertions of hairs on vertex not divided ( Fig. 1 ).

Frontoclypeus with large trilobed central patch of insertions of hairs, medial lobe small and short, triangular, lateral ones rounded, conspicuous, basis of central patch near tentorial pits narrowed, cut, with almost rectangular borders. Diameter of facets three to four times as wide as minimum distance between eyes, facets are irregularly hexagonal ( Figs. 10 , 18 ), in back fold of head only inconspicuously globular ( Fig. 2 ). Ratios of distance of tangential points of apices of eyes to minimum width of frons approximately 41: 1, to facet diameter 11: 1. Antenna with 16 antennomeres. Scape shortly cylindrical, pedicel almost globular; flagellomeres 1–10 amphora-shaped ( Fig. 11 ). Antennomere 13 globular, without a neck, last three antennomeres minute, globular, separated, terminal antennomere drop-shaped ( Fig. 3 ). Sensory filaments (ascoids) of flagellomeres paired, trifoliate and secondarily multiply divided ( Fig. 4 ). Length ratios of maxillary palpomeres 1.0: 1.6: 2.0: 2.2, palpomere 4 conspicuously thin, cylindrical, not annulate ( Fig. 13 ). Terminal lobes of labium bulbous ( Fig. 12 ), with many sensory setae. Cibarium, labrum and epipharynx as in Fig. 5 .

Thoracic sclerites and spiraculum as in Figs. 19 and 20 . Wings lancet-shaped ( Fig. 21 ), only slightly clouded, 1.8 mm long (holotype and paratype), wing membrane bare, radial fork complete, medial one incomplete (almost imperceptible connection of M 1 to M 2); the following veins or their parts strengthened: Sc, R 1, R 2+3, almost whole R 2, R 3 distad, R 5, M 1+2 basally (small oval strengthened patch), M 4 and Cu conspicuously in basal half. Basal costal wing node distinct (detail in Fig. 22 ), Sc uninterrupted, slightly bent. M 3 basally without connection to M 4 and to Cu. R 5 extending distally and reaching wing margin at wing apex. Veins r-r, r-m and m-m not developed. Medial wing angle 145° (BCD). Wing indices AB: AC: AD = 3.9: 4.2: 4.1; BC: CD: BD = 1.0: 1.4: 2.3. Wing 2.5 times as long as wide. Haltere 2.7 times as long as wide ( Fig. 14 ).

Length ratios of femora, tibiae and first tarsomeres: P 1 = 2.0: 2.1: 1.0; P 2 = 2.2: 3.0: 1.3; P 3 = 2.1: 3.5: 1.3. Fore claws as in Fig. 15 . Basal apodeme of male genitalia straight and narrow in dorsal view ( Fig. 16 ), conspicuously expanded and bent in lateral view (proximal end frazzeled – Fig. 6 ).

Aedeagal complex with two pairs of hooked protuberances of characteristic shape ( Figs. 6, 9 , 16 ). Gonocoxites short and broad in lateral view ( Fig. 6 ), gonostyles elongate, approximately 1.5 times as long as gonocoxites, gradually tapering to apex, bent, with a long single seta subapically ( Figs. 6, 9 , 16 ). Epandrium with two irregularly formed fields of anterior insertions of hairs on both sides and central oval opening (aperture). Caudal epandrial notch shallow. Sclerotized remainders of 10 th segment inside of epandrium developed and safely indicated, approximately triangular and elongate ( Figs. 7 , 17 , 23 ), conspicuously hairy. Hypandrium narrow, bare ( Fig. 16 ). Epiproct wrinkle-shaped, hardly visible, hypoproct inconspicuous, fold-shaped, more sclerotized, both parts narrow and hairy ( Fig. 17 ). Surstyli cylindrical ( Figs. 7, 8 , 17 ), rather short, bent, with two small protuberances caudally and two retinaculi subapically ( Figs. 7 , 24, 25 ).

Female. Unknown.

Differential diagnosis. Eurygarka freyrei sp. nov. has a field of insertions of hairs on vertex compact (not divided by a medial line) and medial lobe of insertions of frontoclypeal hairs very short ( Figs. 1 , 18 ), length ratios of maxillary palpomeres 1.0: 1.6: 2.0: 2.2 ( Fig. 13 ), aedeagal complex with two pairs of conspicuously hooked protuberances of characteristic shape ( Figs. 6, 9 , 16 ), caudal epandrial notch shallow and aperture oval ( Fig. 17 ).

Eurygarka aliciae ( Ibáñez-Bernal & Cáceres, 2005) , comb. nov., differs by divided field of insertions of hairs on vertex, medial lobe of insertions of frontoclypeal hairs prolonged, length ratios of maxillary palpomeres 1.0: 1.3: 1.8: 2.3, two paired protuberances of aedeagal complex straight terminally, caudal epandrial notch V-shaped and aperture almost square.

Etymology. Eurygarka freyrei sp. nov. is named in honour of R. Jaimes Freyre, the famous Bolivian poet from the early 20 th century.

Biology and collecting circumstances. Cieneguillas ( Fig. 85 ) is an old Inca settlement, and an important focus of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. Lutzomyia longipalpis ( Lutz & Neiva, 1912) , the primary vector of visceral leishmaniasis in South America, is present here in both domestic and sylvan habitats; L. longipalpus prefer dry forest habitats. At the bottom of Rio La Paz valley, vegetation belongs to the interandean seasonally dry tropical forest type ( Fig. 86 ).

Distribution. Bolivia: Subandean region.

Figures

Figs. 1–9. Eurygarka freyrei sp. nov., J. 1 – head; 2 – back of the head (caudal view of fold of eye); 3 – apical antennomeres; 4 – antennal ascoid (sensory filament); 5 – cibarium, labrum and epipharynx; 6 – lateral view of gonocoxite, gonostyle and aedeagal complex; 7 – lateral view of epandrium and surstylus; 8 – surstylus (inner side, retinaculi omitted); 9 – caudal view of gonocoxite, gonostyle and aedeagal complex. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

Figs. 10–17. Eurygarka freyrei sp. nov., J. 10 – facets; 11 – basal antennomeres; 12 – terminal lobes of labium; 13 – maxilla and palpus maxillaris; 14 – haltere; 15 – claw of P1; 16 – dorsal view of aedeagal complex and gonopods; 17 – dorsal view of epandrium and surstyli (retinaculi omitted). Scale bars: 0.1 mm, except 0.03 in Fig. 15.

Figs. 18–25. Eurygarka freyrei sp. nov., J. 18 – frontoclypeus and facets; 19 – lateral view of thoracic sclerites; 20 – thoracal spiracle; 21 – wing; 22 – basal costal wing node in detail; 23 – patch of ventral epandrial brush spines; 24 – apical part of retinaculum in dorsal view; 25 – same in lateral view. Scale bars: 0.05 mm, except 0.01 in Figs. 24–25, 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm in Figs. 19 and 21.

Figs. 79. Landscape types of Bolivia with position of sampled localities (A – Circuata: Yungas, humid, montane forest; B – Cieneguillas: remnants of interandean dry tropical forest, nearby Yungas humid forest; C – Organo: Chiquitano semi-deciduous dry forest).

Figs. 85–86. Bolivian localities. 85 – Cieneguillas, type locality of Eurygarka freyrei sp. nov.; 86 – same, a detail of the habitat.