Inocellia sinensis Navás, 1936

Shen, Rongrong, Aspöck, Horst, Aspöck, Ulrike & Liu, Xingyue, 2021, The identity of Inocellia sinensis Navás, 1936 (Raphidioptera: Inocelliidae) clarified, Zootaxa 5016 (4), pp. 571-578 : 572-575

Inocellia sinensis Navás, 1936

( Figs 1–15 )

Inocellia sinensis Navás, 1936: 60 . Type locality: China (Jiangsu: Chemo ).

Amurinocellia australis Liu, H. Aspöck, Yang & U. Aspöck, 2009: 47 . Type locality: China (Zhejiang: Tianmushan ). syn. nov.

Re-description. Male. Body length 9.3–11.2 mm; forewing length 10.7–12.8 mm, hind wing length 6.3–8.6 mm.

Head ( Fig. 5 ) subquadrate, black, with clypeus brown. Compound eyes blackish brown. Antennal sclerite (torulus) blackish brown, antennae brownish with scape and pedicel pale yellow, flagellum brown with proximal 1–7 segments yellow. Mouthparts brown.

Thorax blackish brown; meso- and metanota anteriorly with a yellowish brown median spot, posteriorly with a yellowish transverse marking on scutellum, lateral portions of meso- and metathorax mostly blackish brown ( Figs 5, 6 ). Legs yellow with yellowish setae except for brown setae on coxae; apices of femora and median portions of tibiae slightly darker. Wings hyaline, pterostigma brown, veins brown. Anterior branch of RP with one forked vein and one simple vein running to wing margin.

Abdomen blackish brown; each pregenital segment dorsally with a triangular yellowish marking posteriorly, ventrally with a transverse yellowish stripe; genital segments blackish brown ( Fig. 7 ). Tergum 9 ( Fig. 8 ) in lateral view fused with sternum 9 and together distinctly directed anteroventrad. Gonocoxite 9 ( Figs 8 , 11–12 ) nearly rhomboid in lateral view, about twice as wide as long, posterodorsally produced into an obtuse lobe, and posteroventrally with a digitiform process, which, however, is not visible in lateral view; a tuft of bristles present at tip of posteroventral process, anteroventral portion of inner side with another tuft of bristles. Gonapophyses 9 (pseudostyli) ( Figs 9–10 , 12–13 ) present as a pair of long hook-like sclerites between gonocoxites 9 and obliquely directed dorsad with median portion strongly sigmoid. Complex of fused gonocoxites, gonapophyses, gonostyli 10 (paramere) ( Figs 8 , 12–13 ) with proximal portion only expanded dorsad, ventrally bearing a slender and long distal projection, which is slightly curved dorsad. Fused gonocoxites 11 (gonarcus) ( Figs 8 , 12–13 ) membranous, strongly reduced. Endophallus ( Figs 8 , 13 ) short, with a pair of bristle tufts laterally and numerous bristles at tip. Ectoproct ( Figs 8 , 11 ) subquadrate, slightly widened toward apex. Hypandrium internum ( Fig. 15 ) well developed, lateral lobes posteriorly widened and twisted.

Female. See description of Amurinocellia australis in Liu et al. (2009a).

Type material. Holotype ♂, “ KIANG SU, Chemo, Musee Heude/24.4.[19]35, O. PIEL coll./ Inocellia sinensis ♂ Nav. det. Navás S. J. /Tipo/IOZ(E) 227995” ( IZCAS).

Additional material. 1♀ (holotype of A. australis ), CHINA: Zhejiang Province, Lin-an County, Tianmushan , 30°20'N, 119°26'E, 3. V .1980, Chikun Yang ( CAU) ; 2♂, CHINA: Zhejiang Province, Lin-an County, West Tian- mushan, 30°20'N, 119°25'E, 700 m, 15.IV.2016, Wenxuan Bi ( CAU) .

Distribution. China (Jiangsu, Zhejiang).

Remarks. The male genital characters of the I. sinensis holotype show all diagnostic characters of Amurinocellia , i.e., the gonocoxite 9 is distinctly prominent posterodorsad, posteroventrally has a digitiform process, the gonapophysis 9 is present as a long and hook-like sclerite, and the fused gonocoxites 11 are strongly reduced. As such, I. sinensis is evidently distinct from I. aspoeckorum , which had been considered a junior synonym of the former species in Liu et al. (2010b).

Amurinocellia was originally described as a monotypic subgenus of Inocellia (H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck 1973) and later transferred as a subgenus to Parainocellia H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck, 1968 (H. Aspöck et al. 1991). Liu et al. (2009a) elevated Amurinocellia to generic rank. Until this paper, the genus consisted of three species, i.e., A. australis Liu, H. Aspöck, Yang & U. Aspöck, 2009 , A. calida (H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck 1973) , and A. sinica Liu, H. Aspöck, Yang & U. Aspöck, 2009 .All these species occur in China, while A. calida is also distributed in the Russian Far East and Korean Peninsula.

Based on the presence of a subtriangular yellow marking on each tergum of pregenital abdominal segments, we consider I. sinensis to be conspecific with Amurinocellia australis , since the abdominal marking pattern (which is identical in the male and female) is only known from this species within Amurinocellia . Moreover, the type locality of I. sinensis is within close proximity to the type locality of A. australis , where the additional males with genital characters identical to the I. sinensis holotype were also collected. Accordingly, I. sinensis should be transferred to Amurinocellia , but that action is not undertaken in this paper because the generic status of Amurinocellia is questionable. In our phylogenetic analysis of the intergeneric relationships of Inocelliidae , which is based on unpublished molecular data, Amurinocellia was recovered nested within Inocellia and thus probably is at most a subgenus of Inocellia . Therefore, before a revised classification of Inocelliidae can be published, it would be best to refrain from transferring the species to another genus. Nevertheless, A. australis is undoubtedly a junior synonym of I. sinensis and is regarded as such herein.

Inocellia sinensis can be distinguished from the other species of Amurinocellia not only by the abdominal marking pattern, which has subtriangular yellowish markings on most terga, but also by the differently shaped male tergum 9, gonocoxite 9, and gonapophysis 9. In I. sinensis , the male tergum 9 is distinctly directed anteroventrad in lateral view, the male gonocoxite 9 is nearly twice as wide as long, and the male gonapophysis 9 is strongly sigmoid at its middle ( Figs 9–10 , 12–13 ). In A. calida and A. sinica , the male tergum 9 is directed ventrad but not anteriad in lateral view, the male gonocoxite 9 is nearly 1.5 times as wide as long, and the male gonapophysis 9 is nearly straight in its middle section ( Liu et al. 2009a: figs. 8, 10).

Figures

FIGURES 1–3. Inocellia sinensis Navás, 1936, holotype male. 1. Habitus, dorsal view; 2. Habitus, lateral view; 3. Labels. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 4–10. Inocellia sinensis Navás, 1936, male from Zhejiang, China. 4. Habitus dorsal view; 5. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 6. Thorax, lateral view; 7. Abdomen, dorsal view; 8. Male genital segments, lateral view; 9. Male genital segments, caudal view; 10. Male genital segments, ventral view. e: ectoproct; ep: endophallus; gx9: gonocoxite 9; gx10: complex of fused gonocoxites, gonapophyses, and gonostyli 10 (parameres); gp9: gonapophyses 9 (pseudostyli); S8, 9: sterna 8 and 9; T8, 9: terga 8 and 9. Scale bar = 1.0 mm (4–7), 0.5 mm (8–10).

FIGURES 11–15. Inocellia sinensis Navás, 1936, male from Zhejiang, China. 11. Genital segments, lateral view; 12. Genital segments showing internal structures, lateral view; 13. Genital segments, ventral view; 14. Complex of fused gonocoxites, gonapophyses, and gonostyli 10 (parameres), ventral view; 15. Hypandrium internum, ventral view. e: ectoproct; ep: endophallus; gx11: fused gonocoxites 11 (gonarcus); gx9: gonocoxite 9; gx10: complex of fused gonocoxites, gonapophyses, and gonostyli 10 (parameres); gp9: gonapophyses 9 (pseudostyli); gst9: stylus or stylus-like process (gonostyli 9); S8, 9: sterna 8 and 9; T8, 9: terga 8 and 9. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.