Herrera barrocoloradoensis Sanborn, 2020

Sanborn, Allen F., 2020, A New Species of Herrera Distant, 1905 (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea: Cicadidae: Cicadettinae: Carinetini) from Panama with New Records for Two Additional Species, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 122 (4), pp. 907-915 : 908-912

Herrera barrocoloradoensis Sanborn , new species

http://zoobank.org/DA9D4ACE- FC1A-4DB8-BBF3-173489650E48

( Figs. 1–9 )

Herrera sp. “H1.” Wolda 1989: 438–440, Figs. 1–3 , Tables 1–2. (Panama).

Herrera sp. “H1.” Wolda and Ramos 1992: 272–273, Fig. 17.1, Table 17.1.

Diagnosis.—The diversity of the genus Herrera Distant, 1905a has been expanded significantly from what was a genus restricted to Central America to one that has now been reported from much of South America as well ( Sanborn and Heath 2014; Sanborn 2019 a, 2019b, 2020 a, 2020b). Distant (1905a) described the characters of the genus as a head about as wide as the base of the mesonotum, a frons that is shorter than the vertex, a pronotum about as long as the mesonotum, an abdomen that is about as long as the distance from the apex of the head to the posterior of the cruciform elevation, generally small male opercula, the strongly spined fore femora, and the fore wing width that is slightly more than half the wing length ( Distant 1905a). However, relative length of the pronotum to the mesonotum, the fore wing width ratio and size of the male opercula have become more variable as a greater number of species has been described.

This new species is classified in Herrera because it can be distinguished from the other New World genera of Carinetini by obvious characters. It can be distinguished quickly from species of Carineta Amyot and Audinet-Serville, 1843 and Ahomana Distant, 1905b because the head is wider than the mesonotum. The significant constriction of the anterior male abdominal segments with segment 5 being the widest and the large male opercula that can be seen from the dorsal side due to the constriction of the base of the abdomen quickly distinguish species of Tougoetalna Boulard, 1982 from this new species. It can be distinguished from species of Novemcella Goding, 1925 by the nine apical cells in the fore wing and head that is narrower than the mesonotum of that genus. Finally, species of Guaranisaria Distant, 1905c have fore wings not longer than the body with an additional vein crossing fore wing ulnar cell 3 and a head narrower than the mesonotum in the species of this genus.

The single most important diagnostic character for any of the species of the genus Herrera (when available) is the shape of the basal pygofer lobe appendage. This structure alone can distinguish the new species from all other members of the genus. In this new species the basal pygofer lobe appendage is thin, laterally flattened, dark castaneous, extending from the posteromedial corner of the basal lobe, tapering distally, forming an oblique angle at about middle length to the posteriorly curved terminus, and the basal lobe appendages do not meet on the midline. This basal lobe appendage anatomy is comparatively simple for the genus. In addition, the new species can be distinguished from H. infuscata Sanborn, 2009 by the lack of infuscation in the distal fore wing. The lack of piceous on the head and the non-contrasting abdominal coloration distinguish this new species from H. ancilla ( St̊al, 1864) , H. coyamensis Sanborn, 2007, and H. umbraphila Sanborn and Heath, 2014. The bodies of H. humilastrata Sanborn and Heath, 2014, H. laticapitata Davis, 1938, H. lugubrina compostelensis Davis, 1938, H. lugubrina lugubrina ( St̊al, 1864) , H. turbida ( Jacobi, 1907) , H. sigillata Sanborn, 2018, H. freiae Sanborn, 2019a, H. melanomesocranon Sanborn, 2019a, H. signifera Sanborn, 2019a, and H. quadroacuminata Sanborn, 2020a are piceous or the head, pronotum, and/or mesothorax is marked to a greater degree than seen in the new species. The large male opercula along with the differing coloration patterns quickly distinguish H. melanomesocranon, H. phyllodes Sanborn, 2019a, H. quadroacuminata. Herrera nigratorquata Sanborn, 2018 can be distinguished easily by the transverse piceous or castaneous fascia on the pronotum along with the differing mesothoracic markings. The smaller body size and piceous opercula also quickly distinguish H. nigropercula from the new species. Herrera concolor Sanborn, 2019a and H. phyllodes can be distinguished from the new species by the lack of any markings on their monochromatic body. The new species has a similar general appearance to H. aurenigrapilosa Sanborn, 2019b but this species has additional mesothoracic markings, a rectangular male operculum with a thin posteromedial extension, the timbal is covered by abdominal tergite 2 to a greater degree along with the basal pygofer lobe appendages that cross the midline, expand and have three spine-like extensions at the terminus.

Description.—Ground color dark ochraceous marked with fuscous dorsal mesothoracic markings and piceous ventral markings ( Fig. 1 ). Ochraceous is probably green in fresh specimens as there is some green in some abdominal tergites and the type series is more than 50 years old.

Head ( Figs. 1–2 ): Slightly wider than mesonotum, ground color with small castaneous marks on anteromedial lateral ocelli margin, mark absent in some paratypes, one female paratype with castaneous mark in middle epicranial suture of anterior arm. Ocelli rosaceous. Eyes fuscous. Head covered with short silvery pile, dorsum radiating long piceous pile, longer silvery pile and long radiating golden pile posterior to eye. Ventral head ground color except for piceous mark on ventromedial corner of gena and piceous majority of posteromedially lorum. Postclypeus centrally sulcate from anterior to posteroventral margin to around apex, with eleven transverse grooves, short silvery pile on lateral margin, radiating long piceous and long golden pile. Anteclypeus ground color with piceous mark laterally and piceous posterior margin. Short silvery and dense long white pile on ventral head, very thick on lorum and anteclypeus. Mentum dark ground color with castanous posterior region, labium castaneous with piceous lateral fascia widening but not reaching castaneous terminus, reaching to middle of hind coxae. Antennal segments ground color except castaneous first flagellar segment in holotype, all segments ground color in paratypes.

Thorax ( Figs. 1—2 ): Dorsal thorax ground color. Pronotum unmarked except for small castaneous mark on midline anterior to ambient fissure in one paratype. Pronotal collar ground color. Mesonotum ground color with fuscous marks on posterior and posterolateral submedian sigillae, reduced to fascia along parapsidal suture in some paratypes, and fuscous scutal depressions. Metanotum ground color. Short silvery pile on dorsum, longer silvery and long golden pile between anterior arms of cruciform elevation, lateral cruciform elevation and radiating from dorsoposterior metanotum, long silvery pile on posterior half of lateral mesothorax, posterior mesothorax, radiating from posterior wing groove, and on lateral metanotum. Ventral thoracic segments ochraceous except piceous basisternum 2 and basisternum 3, and castaneous trochantin 2 and trochantin 3, marks reduced in some paratypes, covered with short silvery and radiating long golden pile.

Fore wings and hind wings ( Fig. 1 ): Fore wings and hind wings hyaline, with eight and six apical cells respectively. Venation ground color, except castaneous costal margin and anal vein 2 + 3, pterostigma present. Basal membrane grayish with reddish posterior margin, light, linear infuscation in apical cells and on wing margin distal to apical cells. Hind wing venation ground color, castaneous base of cubitus anterior, cubitus posterior and base of anal vein 3. Anal cell 3 gray proximally and along anal vein 3 to distal curve, anal cell 2 gray along proximal anal vein 3 to curve and anal vein 2, infuscation margining gray in both anal cells 2 and 3.

Legs: Ground color, coxae and femora striped with castaneous, distal pretarsus and proximal pretarsal claws castaneous, distal pretarsal claws dark castaneous, long golden pile radiating from leg segments. Fore femora with proximal spine longest and most oblique, secondary spine angled less than primary spine, of intermediate length, and with curved tip, tertiary spine shorter than and parallel to secondary spine with curved tip, spines ground color with castaneous tips, apical spine very short, extending from distal base of tertiary spine. Tibial spurs and tibial combs ground color with castaneous tips. Meracanthus ochraceous with fuscous base, broadly triangular, reaching to middle of medial male operculum and slightly beyond posterior opercular margin in female.

Operculum ( Figs. 4–5 ): Male operculum ochraceous with castaneous spot on either side of base, short not covering the tympanal cavity or reaching abdominal sternite II, rectangular lateral extension from base, posterolateral margin curved to straight posterior margin, medial margin rounded, extending to medial base of meracanthus. Operculum covered with short silvery pile, long golden pile radiating from surface and margin. Female operculum similarly colored also with lateral extension from base, curved posterolateral margin and straight posterior margin, medial margin acutely angled with rounded terminus reaching medially to middle of meracanthus almost covering tympanal cavity and reaching anterior margin of sternite II, covered with short silvery pile, long golden pile radiating from surface and margin.

Abdomen ( Figs. 1, 3 ): Abdominal tergites ground color, male tergite 8 with castaneous posterior margin, tergites covered with silvery pile and long golden pile, denser laterally. Timbal completely exposed, timbal with four long ribs and three intercalary ribs. Male sternites ground color, castaneous across midline in sternites VI and VII of holotype, variable in number and intensity in paratypes from sternite III–VIII, auditory capsule castaneous, epipleurites ground color, male sternite VIII with transverse posterior margin. Female abdominal segment 9 ground color, dorsal beak arching dorsally. Female sternites similarly colored, female sternite VII with deep V-shaped notch, posterior margin of notch continues as medial portion of triangular extension beyond transverse posterolateral margin. Sternites and epipleurites covered with short silvery pile and radiating long golden pile.

Male genitalia ( Figs. 6, 7 ): Male pygofer ground color with castaneous anterior dorsal and dorsolateral surfaces and dorsal beak, anal styles fuscous. Distal shoulder short, not reaching to base of anal tube, curving to form an approximate right angle, short golden pile. Pygofer basal lobe broad, curving distally towards midline with slightly curved terminus, adpressed to pygofer, not reaching to base of upper pygofer lobe, radiating dense long golden pile. Basal lobe appendage thin, flattened laterally, extending from posteromedial basal lobe corner, dark castaneous, tapering distally, forming an oblique angle at about middle length to posteriorly curved terminus, not meeting on midline. Upper pygofer lobes short, flattened, bent mediad with rounded terminus. Claspers, small, thin with rounded terminus, angled mediad from base and meeting along midline over aedeagus. Aedeagus tubular, castaneous with thin terminal extension possessing flattened membrane.

Female genitalia ( Figs. 8, 9 ): Female gonapophyses VIII and IX castaneous, gonapophysis X fuscous extending beyond dorsal beak with radiating golden pile. Gonocoxite IX ground color. Anal styles dark fuscous.

Measurements (mm).—N = 4 males or 2 females, mean (range). Length of body: male 17.04 (16.10–17.75), female 18.78 (18.05–19.50); length of fore wing: male 19.75 (19.55–20.00), female 21.38 (21.15–21.60); width of fore wing: male 7.80 (7.55–8.20), female 8.20 (8.10–8.30); length of head: male 3.35 (3.30–3.40), female 3.35 (3.30–3.40); width of head including eyes: male 5.85 (5.70–5.95), female 6.28 (6.10–6.45); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 6.68 (6.50–6.75), female 6.90 (6.80–7.00); width of mesonotum: male 5.71 (5.40–5.90), female 6.05 (5.80–6.30).

Material examined.— Holotype male: “ PANAMA: Barro / Colorado Is. / Canal Zone // Robert G. Beard / 1 July 1967 / at U.V. light ” ( CUIC). Paratypes: 1 male same data as holotype (AFSC); 1 male “PANAMA: Barro / Colorado Is. / Canal Zone // Robert G. Beard / 30 June 1967 / at U.V. light” (CUIC); 1 male “PANAMA: Barro / Colorado Is. / Canal Zone” (CUIC); 1 female “PANAMA: Barro / Colorado Is. / Canal Zone // Robert G. Beard / 28 June 1967 / at U.V. light” (AFSC); 1 female “PANAMA: Barro / Colorado Is. / Canal Zone // Robert G. Beard / 23 June 1967 / at U.V. light” (CUIC).

Distribution.—The species is only known from the type locality of Barro Colorado Island, Panama.

Etymology.—The species is named barrocolorado – and – ensis (L. suffix denoting place) in reference to the only know locality inhabited by the species, Barro Colorado Island.

Remarks.—The species identified by Wolda (1989) and Wolda and Ramos (1992) as Herrera sp. “H1” is considered to be this new species. Both are known only from Barro Colorado Island and were collected during June. The other undescribed species of Herrera in Wolda (1989) and Wolda and Ramos (1992) are found at different localities in Chiriquí province in the north of the country rather than the centrally located Panama Canal where the new species and Herrera sp. “H1” were collected. No other species of Herrera are known to have been collected on Barro Colorado Island. The site has been a preserve since 1923 and there are no other specimens in the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Collection that could potentially represent Herrera sp. “H1”. The site is advertised as “the most intensively studied tropical forest in the world” (https://stri.si.edu/facility/barrocolorado) so the lack of other species of Herrera from Barro Colorado Island along with the same emergence time highly suggests that this new species is the same as that collected by Wolda (1989) and Wolda and Ramos (1992).

The species is a rainy season cicada with emergence times between about June 15 and July 15 ( Wolda 1989). The species is known only from the lowland tropical forest (120 m elevation) of Barro Colorado Island with almost three quarters of the specimens captured in the light trap that was 2-3 m from the ground and slightly more than one quarter collected in the canopy trap at 27 m ( Wolda and Ramos 1992). We collected several species of Herrera in Argentina that were also associated with the understory of tropical forests ( Sanborn et al. 2011, Sanborn and Heath 2014).

Figures

Figs. 1–9. Herrera barrocoloradoensis Sanborn, new species. 1, Holotype male (top) and paratype female (bottom) habitus. Scale bar = 2 cm. 2, Holotype male dorsum. Scale bar = 2 mm. 3, Holotype male timbal. Scale bar = 1 mm. 4, Holotype male operculum. Scale bar = 2 mm. 5, Paratype female operculum. Scale bar = 2 mm. 6, Holotype male lateral view of genitalia. Scale bar = 1 mm. 7, Holotype male posterior view of genitalia. Scale bar = 1 mm. 8, Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. Scale bar = 2 mm. 9, Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar = 2 mm.