Cacopsylla exima ( Loginova, 1976 )

Bastin, Saskia, Burckhardt, Daniel, Reyes-Betancort, Alfredo, Hernández-Suárez, Estrella & Ouvrard, David, 2023, A review of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Canary Islands, with descriptions of two new genera and sixteen new species, Zootaxa 5313 (1), pp. 1-98 : 41-43

Cacopsylla exima ( Loginova, 1976)

Material examined. Tenerife: 1 ♀, parque rural de Anaga, Chinobre , 900 m alt., 5.iii.1990 (B. Merz) ( MHNG, dry mounted) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, parque rural de Anaga, Lomo de las Bodegas, 500 m alt., 7.v.1993 (C. Lienhard) ( NHMB, dry mount) ; 4 ♂, 5 ♀, same data but ( MHNG, dry mounted) ; 1 ♀, north of La Laguna , Monte de Las Mercedes, 760 m alt., 7.v.1993 (C. Lienhard) ( MHNG, dry mount) ; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, TF 12, north of La Laguna , Monte de Las Mercedes, 800 m alt., 26.ii.1995 (D. Burckhardt) ( NHMB, dry mounted) ; 1 ♂, Anaga park, direction to El Bailadero, 28.5482 N, 16.2047 W, 618 m alt., 23.iii.2018, Erica arborea (L. Serbina & M. Štarha) ( MMBC, 96% ethanol) ; 1 ♂, same but Anaga park, nr Camino Jardina , 28.5482 N, 16.2053 W, 624 m alt. ; 2 ♂, same but Anaga park, direction to Roque Chinobre, TF-123, 28.5552 N, 16.1797 W, 770 m alt., 24.iii.2018.

Description. Adult. Loginova (1976).

Fifth-instar immature Unknown.

Distribution CI. Tenerife ( Loginova 1976).

Host plant CI. No information. It is likely that the host plant is the same as in the Madeira Islands, the Macaronesian endemic tree Rhamnus glandulosa (Rhamnaceae) ( Aguiar & Martin (2001).

* Cacopsylla falcicauda Bastin, Burckhardt & Ouvrard sp. nov.

( Figs 63–66 , 150–156 , 256–258 )

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BE18D768-688B-45B0-9180-5E51393F6511

Material examined. Holotype ♂, La Gomera: zona recreativa Laguna Grande, 31.vii.2000, Rhamnus glandulosa (D. Percy) ( NHMB, dry mounted).

Paratypes. La Gomera : 2 ♂ , 4 ♀, same data as holotype but 26.v.1998, R. glandulosa (D. Percy) ( NHMB, dry mounted); 10 ♂ , 3 ♀, same data as holotype ( NHMB, dry mounted) ; 1 ♀, same data but 28.1276 N, 17.2572 W, 1250 m alt., 14.i.2022, R. glandulosa (S. Bastin) ( MUSA, 70% ethanol?); 2 ♂ , 2 ♀, 1 immature, same data but 19.vi.2022, R. glandulosa (S. Bastin) ( SBPC, slide mounted, 70% ethanol); 2 ♂, Mirador el Bailadero, 28.1228 N, 17.2082 W, 980 m alt., 19.vi.2022, R. glandulos a (S. Bastin) ( ICIA, slide mounted) .

Description. Adult. Colouration. General body colour black. Vertex white with brown yellowish spots, genae white, genal processes brown yellowish. Antenna brown yellowish with segment 1 dark brown with black base, segments 3–8 each with black apex, and entire segments 9 and 10 black. Thoracic dorsum black with 6 white and brown longitudinal stripes and 3 white spots: 2 on mesoscutellum and 1 on metascutellum. Forewing yellowish with a black spot on apical third of clavus, veins brown yellowish and pterostigma brown yellowish. Abdominal sclerites black and intersegmental membranes red in mature specimens but entirely green in teneral specimens. Male proctiger red with black apex and base, paramere brown yellowish with black spot and black apex, subgenital plate black. Female terminalia black.

Structure. Body length 1.4–1.9 mm. Head ( Fig. 150 ), in lateral view, inclined at almost 90º from longitudinal body axis; in dorsal view, slightly wider than thorax. Vertex ( Fig. 151 ) subtriangular, 0.5 times as long as broad, covered with fine microsculpture and short setae; coronal suture fully developed. Genal processes ( Fig. 150 ) 0.8–0.9 times as long as vertex, conical, evenly narrowing to the apex, with interior margin almost straight and exterior margin concave, apex subacute, covered with moderately long setae dorsally, and with long setae ventrally.Antenna ( Figs 152, 153 ) 1.5–1.6 times as long as head width, segment 10 with 2 subequal terminal setae. Meracanthus of metacoxa large, horn-shaped and subacute. Metatibia 0.6–0.7 times as long as head width, with moderately large genual spine, with 1+3+1 apical spurs. Metabasitarsus with 2 black lateral spurs. Forewing ( Fig. 154 ) elongate oval, 3.0–3.4 times as long as head width, 2.3–2.4 times as long as wide, widest in apical third, broadly rounded apically; vein C+Sc slightly convex; costal break present; pterostigma wide, at base about as wide as adjacent part of cell r 1, ending at bifurcation of vein M; vein Rs long, slightly sinuate; vein M slightly arched, 2 times longer than vein M 1+2; m 1 cell value 1.6–1.8; vein Cu 1a, arched, 1.3–1.4 times longer than vein Cu 1,; vein Cu 1b short, slightly rounded; cu 1 cell value 3.0–3.3; surface spinules ( Fig. 155 ) present in all cells, moderately dense, irregularly spaced, leaving spinule-free stripes along the veins. Male terminalia as in Figs 63–65 , 156 . Proctiger slender, 0.5 times as long as head width, tubular, widest in basal third, anterior margin slightly convex, covered with moderately long setae, except at base. Paramere lamellar, 0.9–1.0 times as long as proctiger, slender, in lateral view narrowing apically; apex forming a strongly sclerotised small forward-directed tooth; anterior margin almost straight, with a small antero-apical lobe; inner face covered with moderately long setae in apical two thirds, those along anterior margin thicker than the others, inner face with small setae in apical third, with thick and moderately long setae along anterior margin and subapically, and a line of black stout spurs close to posterior margin; in posterior view, parameres thick, moderately arched with apices curving mediad, with a line of black stout spurs along medial margin. Apical segment of aedeagus 0.8–0.9 longer than paramere, apical dilatation short and slightly oval; sclerotised end tube of ductus ejaculatorius moderately long, curved. Subgenital plate relatively large, almost as long as high, in lateral view broadly subtriangular, sparsely covered with short setae. Female terminalia very long and slender ( Fig. 66 ). Proctiger 1.4 times as long as head width, a little longer than subgenital plate, with dorsal margin concave, blunt apically, bearing moderately long setae in basal half, a group of long setae in apical two thirds, many dense conate setae in apical half, and a few short setae apically. Subgenital plate very long, pointed apically, covered with short and moderately long setae in apical third. Valvula ventralis with one ventral tooth.

Measurements (in mm) (3 ♂, 1 ♀). Head width ♂ 0.65–0.67, ♀ 0.69; vertex length ♂ 0.17–0.18, ♀ 0.19; vertex width ♂ 0.37–0.38, ♀ 0.41; antenna length ♂ 0.96–1.05; metatibia length ♂ 0.43–0.44, ♀ 0.45; forewing length ♂ 1.97–2.12, ♀ 2.33; forewing width ♂ 0.82–0. 91, ♀ 1.01; male proctiger length 0.34–0.36; paramere length 0.33; distal segment of aedeagus length 0.28–0.31; female proctiger length 0.94; female anal ring length 0.23.

Fifth-instar immature. Colouration of slide-mounted material. Sclerites dark brown, membranes colourless. Apices of antennal segments 5 and 6 as well as entire 7 dark brown or almost black. Apical half of tibiotarsi and tarsi dark brown to almost black.

Structure. Conforming to the generic description of Ossiannilsson (1992). Body 1.7 times as long as wide; irregularly beset with scattered short simple setae dorsally. Head with 2 long indistinctly capitate setae anteriorly. Antenna 1.1 times as long as forewing pad; segments 4–6 together 0.9 times as long as segment 7; segments 3 and 5 each bearing a simple seta which is slightly longer than diameter of segment. Forewing pad bearing 16–18 short or moderately long capitate marginal setae, glabrous dorsally; hindwing pad with 4 short and long marginal capitate setae. Caudal plate 0.6 times as long as wide, bearing 3+3 marginal sectasetae; abdominal margin bearing 4–5 long and several short capitate setae (one side only); disk of caudal plate lacking long macroscopic setae. Outer circumanal ring heart-shaped, complete (closed) anteriorly; its length in longitudinal body axis 2.7 times its distance from caudal margin of caudal plate; consisting of a single row of narrowly oval pores.

Measurements (in mm) (1 skin). Body length 1.6; length of forewing pad 0.60.

Etymology. From Latin falx, falcis (a feminine noun) = a curved blade or sickle, and the noun cauda = tail, referring to the long, blade-like female terminalia.

Host plant CI. Rhamnus glandulosa

Distribution CI. La Gomera.

Comments. Cacopsylla falcicauda is morphologically similar to C. exima in the conical genal processes, the forewing and the male terminalia. The two species also share the same host plant, Rhamnus glandulosa . Cacopsylla falcicauda differs from C. exima in the forewing, with the vein Rs sinuate in apical half (almost straight in C. exima ); in the paramere having an antero-apical lobe (lacking in C. exima ); and in having fewer and more widely spaced black stout spurs along the posterior margin of the paramere (9–12 in C. exima versus 5–6 in C. falcicauda ). The two species differ conspicuously in the shape and size of the female terminalia. In C. falcicauda , with longer female terminalia, the proctiger is more slender and longer than 0.9 mm, whereas in C. exima it is more massive and shorter than 0.8 mm.

* Livilla monospermae Hodkinson, 1990

Material examined. La Palma: 4 ♂, 4 ♀, Barranco de las Angustias, 18.v.1998, Retama rhodorhizoides (D. Percy) ( NHMB, dry mounted) .

Description. Adult. Hodkinson (1990).

Fifth-instar immature Percy (2003).

Distribution CI. Tenerife ( Hodkinson 1990; Percy 2003), El Hierro, La Palma, La Gomera ( Percy 2003).

Host plant CI. Retama rhodorhizoides (Fabaceae) .

Figures

FIGURES 59–66. (59–62) Cacopsylla crenulatae: (59) male terminalia, lateral view; (60) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (61) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view; (62) female terminalia, lateral view. (63–66) Cacopsylla falcicauda: (63) male terminalia, lateral view; (64) paramere, inner surface, lateral view; (65) distal segment of aedeagus, lateral view; (66) female terminalia, lateral view.

FIGURES 142–156. (142–149) Cacopsylla crenulatae: (142) head, dorsal view; (143) vertex, dorsal view; (144) last antennal segment; (145) metacoxa; (146, 147) forewing; (148) forewing showing surface spinules; (149) female circumanal ring. (150– 156) Cacopsylla falcicauda: (150) head, dorsal view; (151) vertex, dorsal view; (152) antenna; (153) last antennal segment; (154) forewing; (155) forewing showing surface spinules; (156) paramere, posterior view.

FIGURES 251–258. (251) Arytinnis proboscidea, adult, lateral view. (252–255) Cacopsylla crenulatae: (252) adult, lateral view; (253) head, dorsal view; (254, 255) immature. (256–258) Cacopsylla falcicauda: (256) female, habitus, lateral view; (257) male, habitus, lateral view; (258) adult, dorsal view.