Achelia sawayai Marcus, 1940

Sabroux, Romain, Hassanin, Alexandre & Corbari, Laure, 2022, Sea spiders (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) collected during the Madibenthos Expedition from Martinique shallow waters, European Journal of Taxonomy 851 (1), pp. 1-141 : 10-11

Achelia sawayai Marcus, 1940

Achelia sawayai Marcus, 1940: 81–86 , figs 10a–f, 17.

Achelia sawayai – Hedgpeth 1948: 244. — Stock 1954a: 117; 1955: 245; 1966a: 46; 1974: 14; 1975a: 982–983; 1979: 9–10; 1989: 87–89; 1990: 218–219; 1992a: 118–119, 139; 1994: 18 (list), 36. — Fage & Stock 1966: 317. — Child 1974: 497; 1979: 7–8; 1982a: 356–357; 1992b: 7 (key), 11–12, tabs 3, 12, fig. 3; 2004: 143–144; 2009: 818 (list). — Birkeland et al. 1976: 133. — Krapp & Kraeuter 1976: 342–343, fig. 3. — Müller 1989: 124, fig. 10; 1990a: 277; 1990b: 186–188; 1990e: 105–106; 1992b: 43. — Varoli 1996: 42, tabs 1–2. — Bamber 2004: tab. 2. — Arango & Wheeler 2007: appendix 1, tab. 1, figs 1–4 (phylogeny), 8 (phylogeny). — Montoya Bravo et al. 2009: 10 , figs 1–4. — Müller & Krapp 2009: 10–12 , 14 (key), 17–21, 132–133, 137 (list), tabs 1– 4, figs 4–5. — Gul & Ghani 2012: 202. — Varela 2012: 2, fig. 1b. — Vassallo et al. 2014: 351, tab. 2. — Sabroux et al. 2017: appendix 1–2, figs 3–5 (phylogeny); 2019b: 1531, tab. 1, figs 3, 5. — Lucena & Christoffersen 2018a: 102, 104. — Lucena et al. 2019: 3 (list), 4–5, 20–21. — Prata et al. 2020: 34944, 34949, tab. 1, fig. 2b–c. — León-Espinosa et al. 2021: tab. 1. — Ramírez-Tello et al. 2022: 152, 162, tab. 1.

Achelia Sawayai – Fage 1949: 28.

Achelia (Pigroglavatus) sawayai – Fry & Hedgpeth 1969: 104, figs 152–153 (morphological similarities), 155 (distribution).

Achelia sawayai f. typica – Stock 1986: tab. 1.

nec Tanystylum calcirostre Schimkewitsch, 1890 – Kraeuter 1973: 496.

Type material

Holotype not designated (see Lucena & Christoffersen 2018a). Type locality: Baía de Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.

Material examined

MARTINIQUE • 1 ♂; Canal de Ste Lucie ; 14°22.7ʹ N, 60°51.3ʹ W; depth 65 m; 11 Sep. 2016; st. AD223; MNHN-IU-2016-850/ MK411163 • 1 ♂; Pointe du Diamant ; 14°27.5ʹ N, 61°02.9ʹ W; depth 3 m; 15 Sep. 2016; st. AB126; MNHN-IU-2016-859/ MK411172 • 1 ♀ gr.; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1037 • 1 ♀ gr.; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1329/ MK411103 • 1 ♂; Baie du Robert ; 14°42ʹ N, 60°53.8ʹ W; depth 2 m; 24 Sep. 2016; st. AB452; MNHN- IU-2016-884/ MK411193 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding;MNHN-IU-2016-885/ MK411194 • 1 ♀ gr.; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1073/ MK411044 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1378 • 1 ♂; Canal de Ste Lucie ; 14°22.7ʹ N, 60°51.3ʹ W; depth 65 m; 11 Sep. 2016; st. AD223; MNHN-IU-2016-886/ MK411195 • 1 ♀ gr.; N of Presqu’Île de la Caravelle ; 14°52.9ʹ N, 60°50.6ʹ W; depth 61 m; 19 Sep. 2016; st. AD249; MNHN-IU-2016-1083 • 1 ♀ gr.; Presqu’Île de la Caravelle ; 14°44.1ʹ N, 60°50.8ʹ W; depth 29 m; 18 Sep. 2016; st. AS 253; MNHN- IU-2016-1108/ MK411051 • 1 ♀ gr.; Les Anses-d’Arlet; 14°28.5ʹ N, 61°05.1ʹ W; depth 29 m; 26 Sep. 2016; st. AD271; MNHN-IU-2016-1136/ MK411060 • 1 ♂; Trois Rivières ; 14°27.7ʹ N, 60°57.8ʹ W; depth 4–5 m; 25 Sep. 2016; st. AB354; MNHN-IU-2016-1172 • 1 ♀; Presqu’Île de la Caravelle ; 14°48.4ʹ N, 60°52.8ʹ W; depth 23–25 m; 20 Sep. 2016; st. AB197; MNHN-IU-2016-1249 • 1 ♀ gr.; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1385 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀ gr.; N of Presqu’Île de la Caravelle ; 14°52.5ʹ N, 60°51.1ʹ W; depth 58 m; 19 Sep. 2016; st. AD248; 1 ♀ gr.; MNHN-IU-2016-1297 • 1 ♀ gr.; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1331/ MK411105 • Le François ; 14°38.5ʹ N, 60°46.3ʹ W; depth 63 m; 15 Sep. 2016; st. AD234; MNHN-IU-2016-1314 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1332/ MK411106 • 1 ♂ ov.; Pointe Baham ; 14°25ʹ N, 60°50.4ʹ W; depth 0–2 m; 17 Sep. 2016; st. AM021; MNHN-IU-2016-1381 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1383/ MK411109 .

Remarks

DNA barcoding (Sabroux et al. 2019) suggests that A. sawayai is an umbrella-name including three potential cryptic species (intracluster p-distance = 0–0.013; intercluster p-distance = 0.133 –0.191) here designated as group 1 (MNHN-IU-2016-859 and -1329), group 2 (MNHN-IU-2016-850, -886, -1108, -1136, -1331 and -1332) and group 3 (MNHN-IU-2016-884, -885, -1073 and -1383) ( Table 2 , Appendix).

Achelia sawayai was previously recorded from Martinique by Müller (1990a) at Cap Chevalier (South- East Martinique), and the present sampling reveals that this species is found on both the Atlantic and Caribbean coasts. The three possible cryptic species here detected in Martinique suggest that A. sawayai may represent a species complex including many more species. Indeed, it is a common species of the Tropical Western Atlantic, and its distribution extends to the Eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean and the Pacific.

Distribution

Apparently a circumtropical species, mostly found in the West Atlantic ( US Georgia, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico and Brazil), occasionally recorded in the East Atlantic (Gulf of Guinea, Mauritania, Cap Verde), West Mediterranean, Indian Ocean (Papua-New Guinea, Indonesia, Pakistan, Madagascar) and Pacific Ocean ( French Polynesia, Fiji).

Depth range

0– 115 m. One record at 157 m is regarded as a likely contamination by shallow fouling on the hull of a ship.