Levinsenia tribranchiata, Çinar & Dagli & Açik, 2011

Çinar, Melih Ertan, Dagli, Ertan & Açik, Sermin, 2011, Annelids (Polychaeta and Oligochaeta) from the Sea of Marmara, with descriptions of five new species, Journal of Natural History 45 (33 - 34), pp. 2105-2143 : 2136-2142

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2011.582966

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887C7-FFF3-FFEE-FE26-62E6FBA55988

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Levinsenia tribranchiata
status

sp. nov.

Levinsenia tribranchiata View in CoL sp. nov.

( Figures 11 View Figure 11 , 12 View Figure 12 )

Material examined

Holotype. ESFM – POL / 2008–84 , 9 August 2008, Sea of Marmara , Erdek, E 3, 40 ◦ 18 ′ 56 ′′ N, 27 ◦ 46 ′ 18 ′′ E, 28 m, sandy mud. GoogleMaps

Paratypes. ESFM – POL / 2008–85 , 25 specimens, 9 August 2008, Sea of Marmara , Erdek, E 3, 40 ◦ 18 ′ 56 ′′ N, 27 ◦ 46 ′ 18 ′′ E, 28 m, sandy mud GoogleMaps ; ESFM – POL / 2008–58 , one specimen, 9 August 2008, Sea of Marmara , Erdek, E 1, 40 ◦ 18 ′ 42 ′′ N, 27 ◦ 46 ′ 18 ′′ E, 17 m, sandy mud GoogleMaps ; ESFM – POL / 2008–66 , one specimen, 9 August 2008, Sea of Marmara , Erdek, E 4, 40 ◦ 19 ′ 01 ′′ N, 27 ◦ 46 ′ 03 ′′ E, 34 m, mud GoogleMaps ; ESFM – POL / 2010–56 , two specimens, 15 April 2010, Sea of Marmara , Gelibolu, G 3, 40 ◦ 27 ′ 17 ′′ N, 27 ◦ 04 ′ 06 ′′ E, 66 m, sandy mud GoogleMaps .

Additional material examined

Levantine Sea: ESFM – POL / 2005–3247 , two specimens, 6 October 2005, Fethiye Bay , Sta. G 32, 36 ◦ 38 ′ 42 ′′ N, 29 ◦ 03 ′ 18 ′′ E, 100 m, mud GoogleMaps .

Description

Holotype complete, 12.9 mm long, 0.19 mm wide, with 70 chaetigers. Colour in alcohol pale brownish. Small specimen, body thin, slender, wider anteriorly, filiform from midbody, gradually tapering to posterior end. Anterior segments short, much wider than long (ca. three times). Prostomium conical, with truncated anterior margin, longer than wide (length: 128 µm, width: 98 µm), ending in a cylindrical sensory organ, sometimes everted; a pair of nuchal organs (deep slits); eyes absent; brownish spots lateral to nuchal organs ( Figure 11A View Figure 11 ). Posterior buccal lip with four longitudinal folds, extending to middle part of chaetiger 1 ( Figure 11B View Figure 11 ).

First five notopodial postchaetal lobes (prebranchial) short, rounded ca. 15 µm height ( Figure 12A View Figure 12 ); in branchial region, from chaetiger 6 to 8, long and finger-like, ca. 25–27.5 µm long ( Figure 12B View Figure 12 ); in anterior postbranchial region, long, finger-like, ca. 30 µm long; in posterior postbranchial region (chaetiger 64), longer and finger-like, ca. 35 µm long ( Figure 12C View Figure 12 ). Neuropodial postchaetal lobes absent ( Figure 12A–C View Figure 12 ). Branchiae always starting from chaetiger 6, three pairs of small branchiae, ca. 65 µm long and 22.5 µm wide (l / w ratio 1.6–2.9); cirriform, with rounded tip, not ciliated ( Figures 11A View Figure 11 , 12B View Figure 12 ). Chaetigers 1–12 with only brown-coloured capillary chaetae. In chaetiger 4, notopodium with eight capillary chaetae (ca. 116 µm long), neuropodium with seven capillary chaetae (ca. 118 µm long). In chaetiger 12, notopodium with seven capillary chaetae (ca. 115 µm long), neuropodium with six capillary chaetae (ca. 116 µm long). Modified neurochaetae from chaetiger 13 (12 in paratypes) to end of body, up to five per fascicle, arranged in a single row, slightly re-curved, with expanded shaft, unidentate, with a developed hood on convex side of shaft, but not reaching to tip of chaetae ( Figures 11D View Figure 11 , 12C View Figure 12 ); with one to four fine capillary accompanying chaetae. Notopodium of chaetiger 21 with five capillary chaetae (ca. 120 µm long), neuropodium of chaetiger 21 with four capillary chaetae (ca. 126 µm long) and two modified chaetae (22.5 µm long; length from node to tip). In chaetiger 39, notopodium with four capillary chaetae (ca. 125 µm long), neuropodium with three capillary chaetae (ca. 128 µm long) and two modified chaetae (22.5 µm long). In chaetiger 64, notopodium with three capillary chaetae (ca. 136 µm long), neuropodium with two capillary chaetae (ca. 138 µm long) and five modified chaetae (25 µm long). Pygidium with a mid-dorsal lobe (ca. 55 µm long, 35 µm wide) and two ventro-lateral cirri (ca. 60 µm long, 7.5 µm wide) ( Figure 11C View Figure 11 ).

Remarks

Levinsenia tribranchiata View in CoL sp. nov. is mainly characterized by having three pairs of small branchiae on chaetigers 6–8. A similar branchial morphology was reported in Levinsenia flava ( Strelzov, 1973) View in CoL from the Sea of New Guinea (Bay of Biscay) at 1750 m depth and in Levinsenia antarctica ( Strelzov, 1973) View in CoL from the Kemp coast ( Antartica) at 1340 m depth by Strelzov (1973).

Levinsenia tribranchiata View in CoL is closely related to L. flava View in CoL in the number of the prebranchial and branchial chaetigers, and the morphology of prostomium, prebranchial and branchial lobes. However, Levinsenia tribranchiata View in CoL differs from it with respect to some important characters: modified neurochaetae (commencing from chaetigers 12– 13 in L. tribranchiata View in CoL vs. from chaetiger 15 in L. flava View in CoL ); the ratio of the length of branchiae (1.6–2.9 in L. tribranchiata View in CoL vs. 2.8 in L. flava View in CoL ); the length of notopodial lobes in the branchial region (long, ca. one-half of branchiae in L. tribranchiata View in CoL vs. short, ca. one-third of branchiae in L. flava View in CoL ); the length and shape of notopodial lobes in the anterior part of the postbranchial region (long and finger-like in L. tribranchiata View in CoL vs. short and rounded in L. flava View in CoL ).

Levinsenia tribranchiata mainly differs from L. antarctica in having five prebranchial chaetigers (seven chaetigers in L. antarctica ); modified neurochaetae starting from chaetiger 12–13 (19 in L. antarctica ); a prostomium with a cylindrical sensory organ and two brownish spots (no sensorial organ and spots in L. antarctica ). Furthermore, Levinsenia tribranchiata is a shallow-water species, whereas L. antarctica is a deep-water species.

Reproduction

Specimens of Levinsenia tribranchiata sp. nov. collected in April have eggs in the coelomic cavities between chaetigers 16 and 37; egg diameter: 45–95 µm (mean 61.4 µm; SD: ± 25.03, n = 20).

Etymology

The species name tribranchiata refers to the number of branchiae (three pairs).

Distribution

Sea of Marmara and Mediterranean Sea (Levantine Sea), between 17 and 100 m depth.

Key to species of Levinsenia View in CoL

1. Branchiae absent........................................................ 2

Branchiae present....................................................... 4

2. Notopodial lobes absent........ L. hawaiiensis Giere, Ebbe and Erséus, 2008 View in CoL

Notopodial lobes present................................................ 3

3. Modified chaetae bidentate, slightly curved................................................................ L. canariensis (Brito and Núňez, 2002) View in CoL

Modified chaetae unidentate, strongly curved... L. uncinata (Hartman, 1965) View in CoL

4. Three pairs of branchiae................................................. 5

More than three pairs of branchiae....................................... 7

5. Prebranchial region with five chaetigers; pigment around nuchal slits...... 6

Prebranchial region with seven chaetigers; no pigment around nuchal slits................................................ L. antarctica ( Strelzov, 1973) View in CoL

6. Modified chaetae from chaetigers 12–13; long and finger-like notopodial lobes in anterior part of postbrachial region; shallow water species................................................................ L. tribranchiata View in CoL sp. nov.

Modified chaetae from chaetiger 15; short and rounded notopodial lobes in anterior part of postbrachial region; deep-water species................................................................... L. flava ( Strelzov, 1973) View in CoL

7. Prebranchial region with three chaetigers.................................................................... L. duodecimbranchiata Cantone, 1994 View in CoL

Prebranchial region with more than three chaetigers....................... 8

8. More than 17 pairs of branchiae..........................................9

Fewer than 17 pairs of branchiae........................................ 11

9. Prebranchial region with five chaetigers.................................. ...................................... L. multibranchiata ( Hartman, 1957) View in CoL

Prebranchial region with eight chaetigers................................ 10

10. Two types of modified chaetae........... L. gracilis japonica ( Imajima, 1973) View in CoL

One type of modified chaetae........................... L. kosswigi View in CoL sp. nov.

11. Five or six pairs of branchiae........................................... 12

More than six pairs of branchiae........................................ 14

12. Prebranchial region with seven chaetigers...................................................................... L. brevibranchiata ( Strelzov, 1973) View in CoL

Prebranchial region with five chaetigers.................................. 13

13. Modified chaetae strongly curved, with thin hood on convex side, not extending to chaetal tip.................................. L. demirii sp. nov.

Modified chaetae slightly curved, with thickened hood on convex side, extending to chaetal tip..................................................................... Levinsenia kantauriensis Aguirrezabalaga and Gil, 2009 View in CoL

14. Modified chaetae arranged in double row in posteriors chaetigers........ ...... .. ............................................... L. kirbyae Lovell, 2002 View in CoL

Modified chaetae arranged in single row in posteriors chaetigers.......... 15

15. Modified chaetae without hood................. L. oculata ( Hartman, 1957) View in CoL

Modified chaetae with hood........................................... 16

16. Notopodial lobes on posterior chaetigers of branchial region and postbranchial chaetigers strongly reduced or not visible......................................................... L. oligobranchiata ( Strelzov, 1973) View in CoL

Notopodial lobes on posterior chaetigers of branchial region and postbranchial chaetigers distinct and visible. ................................ 17

17. Prebranchial region with five chaetigers.................................. 18

Prebranchial region with more than five chaetigers....................... 20

18. Maximally eight pairs of branchiae................. L. marmarensis View in CoL sp. nov.

Maximally 11–15 pairs of branchiae..................................... 19

19. Body 25 mm long; modified chaetae strongly curved with a pubescent sheath................................................... L. gracilis (Tauber, 1879) View in CoL

Body 5.5 mm long; modified chaetae acicular without a pubescent sheath.................................. L. gracilis minuta ( Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) View in CoL

20. Notopodial lobe tuberculate in branchial region; modified chaetae from chaetigers 27–31.. .............................. L. reducta (Hartman, 1965) View in CoL

Notopodial lobe cirriform in branchial region; modified chaetae from chaetiger 21............................. L. acutibranchiata ( Strelzov, 1973) View in CoL

ESFM

Museum of Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Annelida

Class

Polychaeta

Family

Paraonidae

Genus

Levinsenia

Loc

Levinsenia tribranchiata

Çinar, Melih Ertan, Dagli, Ertan & Açik, Sermin 2011
2011
Loc

Levinsenia tribranchiata

Çinar & Dagli & Açik 2011
2011
Loc

Levinsenia tribranchiata

Çinar & Dagli & Açik 2011
2011
Loc

Levinsenia tribranchiata

Çinar & Dagli & Açik 2011
2011
Loc

L. tribranchiata

Çinar & Dagli & Açik 2011
2011
Loc

L. tribranchiata

Çinar & Dagli & Açik 2011
2011
Loc

L. tribranchiata

Çinar & Dagli & Açik 2011
2011
Loc

L. tribranchiata

Çinar & Dagli & Açik 2011
2011
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