Pouteria glomerata ( Miquel 1863: 81 ) Radlkofer (1882: 333)

Völtz, Rafael R., Alves-Araújo, Anderson & Goldenberg, Renato, 2020, Native Species of Sapotaceae Juss. in Paraná, Brazil, Phytotaxa 430 (4), pp. 224-276 : 256-258

5.6 Pouteria glomerata ( Miquel 1863: 81) Radlkofer (1882: 333) . Figure 18

Treelet. Trunk section cylindrical or occasionally irregular, unbuttressed or slightly buttressed; bark dark-brown, scaly, scales papyraceous, rectangular or irregular, sometimes fissured-scaly, fissure shallow, short, V-shaped, oblique, ridges flattened; slash light yellow-orange, tangential section with ripple marks, not discoloured, with abundant latex. Stems with young shoots light yellowish-brown, soon grayish, not lenticellate, cracked and scaly in longitudinal scales, rounded, sericeous-tomentose at first, becoming glabrous when older. Leaves loosely clustered or clustered at the stem apex. Petiole 4.0– 10.8 mm long, flat, sericeous-tomentose or sericeous-tomentose at the base and glabrous at the apex. Leaf blade chartaceous, 3.5–14.5 × 1.5–6.0 cm, oblanceolate, narrow-elliptic or narrow-obovate, seldom elliptic, apex obtuse, acute, shortly acuminate or rounded, base acute, obtuse or cuneate, adaxial surface glabrescent or glabrous, but with sparse hairs on midrib, abaxial surface pubescent or puberulent and sericeous, venation eucampto-brochidodromous, midrib flat on the adaxial surface, raised on the abaxial surface, secondaries (6–)8–12 pairs, convergent, slightly arcuate, flat on the adaxial surface, raised on the abaxial surface, thin intramarginal vein present, intersecondaries absent, tertiary veins percurrent, branches oblique to horizontal, flat on the adaxial surface, slightly raised on the abaxial surface, quaternary veins reticulate. Inflorescences axillary and ramiflorous, 1–13-flowered. Pedicel 0.5–1.3 mm long, sericeous-tomentose. Flowers androgynous, cream in vivo; calyx in 2 whorls of 2 sepals, 2.3–3.3 mm long, oblong or wide-elliptic, apex obtuse, margin entire or the inner ones occasionally sparsely ciliate, the outer ones with abaxial surface tomentose, adaxial surface glabrous, the inner ones with abaxial surface glabrous or with sparse hairs, adaxial surface glabrous, both without a broad glabrous marginal stripe; corolla cyathiform, glabrous, 2.3–3.0 mm long, tube longer than the lobes, ca. 1.5 mm long, lobes 4, 0.6–1.2 mm long, oblong, apex rounded, obtuse or truncate, margin entire or occasionally ciliate; stamens 4, fixed at the base or in the lower third of the corolla tube, filaments 1.1–1.8 mm long, glabrous, anthers ca. 1.0 mm long, glabrous; staminodes 4, ca. 0.5 mm long, oblong, margin entire or occasionally sparsely ciliate; ovary 4-locular, 0.5–1.2 mm long, subglobose, style 1.0– 1.9 mm long,

glabrous, stigma simple or slightly 4-lobed. Fruit yellowish, 2.9–3.2 × 3.5–3.8 cm, oblate, tomentose when immature, glabrous or with residual indumentum when ripe, calyx persistent, 1–3-seeded. Seed 1.6–2.6 × 0.8–1.8 cm, ellipsoid; testa almost absent, smooth, shining; the scar covering most of the seed surface, rugose.

Selected material: — BRAZIL, Paraná: Icaraíma, 21 January 1967, G.G. Hatschbach 15813 ( MBM, NY, RB, UPCB). Marilene, 21 March 2018, R.R. Völtz 1524 ( HCF, RB, SP, UPCB, VIES). Porto Basílio, 14 August 2006, E.M. Alves 513 ( HUEM, RB, UPCB). Porto Rico, 23 November 1986, J.M. Margarido 14 ( HUEM, UPCB). São Jorge do Patrocínio, 2 October 2014, M.G. Caxambu 5536 ( HCF, UPCB).

Additional selected material: — BRAZIL. São Paulo: Teodoro Sampaio, 11 March 1981, C.F.S. Muniz 316 ( SP).

In Paraná Pouteria glomerata occurs in riverbanks and periodically flooded forests between 220 and 350 m elev., in Alluvial Semideciduous Seasonal Forest. Collected with flower buds in August and October, with flowers in November and January and with fruits in January and March. It can be recognized by the slash with concentric whitish and dark-brown rings in the outer bark, the tertiary veins percurrent with oblique to horizontal branches, the abaxial surface of the leaf sericeous, with whitish hairs forming a pellicle and resulting in a grayish lower surface. Pennington (1990) mentioned that P. glomerata has unisexual flowers, but the specimens from Paraná have stamens and ovary in the same flowers, thus we considered them as androgynous flowers. The collections from Paraná belong to P. glomerata subsp. glomerata according to Pennignton (1990), which differs from P. glomerata subsp. stylosa ( Pierre 1891:42) T.D. Pennington (1990: 420) by the acute, obtuse or rounded leaf base, and the apex often obtuse (vs. leaf base and apex narrowly attenuate in P. glomerata subsp. stylosa ), and the abaxial surface of the leaf usually sericeous with whitish hairs (vs. sericeous with yellowish hairs).

Conservation Status: —This species was listed as “Least concern” ( LC) by CNCFlora (2018). In Paraná P. glomerata is widespread along riverbanks and islands of the Paraná river, and some individuals are in protected areas. Nowadays the main problem to its conservation are the decline in the quality of habitat, the construction of dams, and urbanization.

Figures

FIGURE 18. Pouteria glomerata. A. Habit. B. Bark. C. Slash. D. Abaxial surface of the leaf. E. Flower, longitudinal section. F. Adaxial surface of the corolla. G. Lateral and frontal view of the seed. H. Fruit. I. Stem with flower. J. Detail of the indumentum; K. Detail of the stem indumentum. (A–D, G–H, K from R.R. Völtz 1524; E–F, J from J.M. Margarido 14; I from G.G. Hatschbach 15813) (ov: ovary; sc: seed scar; st: stamen; stm: staminode).