Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat, 1984

Usman, Syeda Uzma & Zeya, Shahid Bin, 2018, The genus Sakencyrtus Hayat (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) from India with description of a new species, Zootaxa 4527 (3), pp. 357-371 : 358-360

Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat

( Figures 1–17 )

Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat, 1981: 28 . Female. Holotype female, India, Aligarh (BMNH), not examined.

Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat: Noyes & Hayat, 1984 : 336, taxonomy. Hayat, 2006: 217, catalogue, figures. Hayat & Singh, 2000a: 7, ♀, ♂, Assam, record. Hayat & Singh, 2000b: 8, ♀, Odisha, record. Hayat & F. R. Khan, 2008, ♀, brachypterous, West Bengal, record. Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar, 2011a: 111, ♀, Kerala, record. Manickavasagam & Rameshkumar, 2011b: 406, ♀, Tamil Nadu, record. Hayat et al., 2013: 274 , Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, record.

Female (brachypterous) (redescription). Length 1.14–1.6 mm ( Fig. 1 ). Head yellow with brown suffusion. Antenna dark brown except radicle and scape, yellow; apex of scape dark brown. Mesosoma with pronotum yellow to brown; mesoscutum largely yellow, sides with dark brown suffusion; scutellum yellow; propodeum yellow with brownish tinge, mesopleuron yellow with apical margin tinged brown. Forewing hyaline, slightly infuscated at apex, behind parastigma and at coastal cell ( Fig. 9 ). Legs, including coxae, yellow. Metasoma in basal third yellow to brown, with sides dark brown, the remainder dark brown to black as in Figure 12 ; ventrally pale white in basal one-third or so.

Head ( Fig. 3 ), in frontal view, 1.05–1.14× as broad as high; frontovertex ( Fig. 4 ) width 0.34–0.42× head width at the level of anterior ocellus, with alutaceous sculpture; eye height 3.5–2.72× as long as malar space. Maxillary palp 4-segmented, labial palp 3-segmented. Antenna ( Fig. 5 ) with scape long and slender, broader near base,4.16– 4.8× as long as broad; pedicel 1.75× as long as broad, distinctly longer than all funicular segments individually; all funicular segments transverse; clava ( Fig. 6 ) 3-segmented and obliquely truncate, slightly longer than F4–F6 combined. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): head frontal height (width), 39–41 (41–47); frontovertex width, 10–15; (from card, at 60×): POL, 5–6; OOL, 1–2; OCL, 1–1.5; AOL, 2–3; (from slide, at 100×): eye height, 30–39; malar space, 11; mouth fossa width, 12–13; torulus length (diameter), 3–5 (3.5–4.5); inter-torular distance, 7; antennal segments length (width): scape, 24– 30 (5–7); pedicel, 7 (4); F1, 3– 4 (4–6); F2, 4– 5 (6–8); F3, 3– 4 (7–9); F4, 3 (7–9); F5, 2.5– 3 (7–9); F6, 2– 3 (7–9); clava, 16–18 (7–8.5).

Mesosoma ( Fig. 12 ). Pronotum long, 0.18–0.26× mesoscutum length. Mesoscutum saddle-shaped, 1.3–1.5× as broad as long; mesoscutum ( Figs 12, 13 ) and axillae with polygonal reticulate sculpture; scutellum ( Fig. 14 ) subequal in length to mesoscutum with elongate reticulate sculpture; propodeum 0.68–0.75× scutellum length. Forewing ( Fig. 9 ) 4.5–5.6× as long as broad and hindwing ( Fig. 11 ) 4.5–5.3× as long as broad, with pointed apex. Mid tibia 4–5.7× as long as mid basitarsus, mid tibial spur 0.6–0.7× mid basitarsus. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): mesosoma length, 56–71; pronotum length (width), 4–6 (26–31); mesoscutum length (width), 19– 23 (29–35); scutellum length (width), 18–24 (11–15); propodeum median length, 13–18; forewing length (width), 34–45 (6–10); hindwing length (width), 16–18 (3–4); mid tibia length, 37–46; mid basitarsus length, 7–10; mid tibial spur length, 5–6.

Metasoma ( Fig. 12 ). Metasoma subequal to mesosoma; ovipositor, 0.78–0.86× mid tibia length, not exserted beyond apex of gaster ( Fig. 12 ); paratergites distinct but thin; hypopygium prominent. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): metasoma length, 59–76; TVII length, 20–23; TVII (width) (between cercal plates), 14–16; ovipositor length, 32–36; third valvula, 3–6.

Female (macropterous). Length 1.20 mm ( Fig. 2 ). Body colour same as in brachypterous forms except forewing ( Fig. 7 ) hyaline with a large infuscated patch in middle and a small brown patch below submarginal vein.

Head 1.09× broader than high, frontovertex width 0.38× head width at the level of anterior ocellus; frontovertex setose with polygonal reticulate sculptures. Maxillary palp 4- segmented, labial palp 3-segmented. Mandible tridentate. Antenna with scape subcylindrical, broader near base, about 4.5× as long as broad; pedicle 1.75× as long as broad, distinctly longer than all funicular segments individually; F6 the shortest; funicular segments all broader than long; clava 3-segmented, truncation 0.41× of ventral margin; clava 2.25× as long as broad. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): head frontal height (width), 43 (47); frontovertex width, 18; POL, 5; OOL, 2; OCL, 1; AOL, 2.5; mouth fossa width, 12; torulus length (diameter), 3 (4); inter-torular distance, 7; eye height, 34; malar space, 11; antennal scape length (width), 27 (6); pedicel length (width), 7 (4); F1 length (width), 4 (5); F2 length (width), 5 (7); F3 length (width), 4 (8); F4 length (width), 3 (9); F5 length (width), 3 (8); F6 length (width), 2.5 (8); clava length (width), 18 (8).

Mesosoma. Pronotum 0.17× mesoscutum length. Mesoscutum 1.34× as broad as long, setation and reticulations as in brachypterous form; propodeum 0.71× scutellum length. Forewing ( Fig.7 ) 3.25× as long as broad, with bare area behind stigmal vein and parastigma; hindwing ( Fig. 10 ) 3.8× as long as broad with apex blunt. Mid tibia 4.2× as long as mid basitarsus, mid tibial spur 0.6× mid basitarsus. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): Mesosoma length, 63; pronotum length (width), 4 (29); mesoscutum length (width), 23 (31); scutellum length (width), 21 (15); propodeum median length, 15; forewing length (width), 91 (28); hindwing length (width), 71 (15); marginal fringe, 4; mid tibia length, 42; mid basitarsus length, 10; mid tibial spur length, 6.

Metasoma. Metasoma shorter than mesosoma; ovipositor slightly exserted beyond apex of gaster, 0.85× mid tibia length. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): metasoma length, 62; TVII length, 23; TVII width (measured between cercal plates), 24; ovipositor length, 36; third valvula, 4.

Male (brachypterous). Length 0.96 mm ( Fig. 15 ). Body colour same as in female except as follows: antenna brown except scape and pedicel dorsally dark brown; propodeum brown; legs including coxae largely yellow; mid femur pale yellow with brown tinge, tibia pale yellow with apex white; hind femur pale white ventrally, dark brown dorsally; hind tibia brown to dark brown with apex white; tarsi of all legs pale white to pale yellow.

Head with frontovertex width 0.5× head width at the level of anterior ocellus. Antenna ( Fig.16 ) with scape slender, 3.2× as long as broad; pedicel 1.66× as long as broad, distinctly shorter than all flagellar segments individually; flagellar segments all longer than broad. Relative measurements (from card, at 60×): head frontal width, 20; frontovertex width, 10; (from slide, at 100×): antennal scape length (width), 16 (5); pedicel length (width), 5 (3); F1 length (width), 10 (2); F2 length (width), 11 (2.5); F3 length (width), 12 (2); F4 length (width), 12.5 (2); F5 length (width), 12.5 (2); F6 length (width), 13 (2.5); clava length (width), 19 (3).

Mesosoma. Mesocutum 0.85× scutellum length (12:14). Forewing 3.8× as long as broad. Mid tibia 4.2× as long as mid basitarsus, mid tibial spur 1.2× mid basitarsus. Relative measurements (from card, at 60×): forewing length (width), 19 (5); mid tibia length, 38; mid basitarsus length, 9; mid tibial spur length, 11.

Metasoma. Metasoma 0.76× mesosoma length (23:30); genitalia ( Fig. 17 ) with phallobase 0.47× mid tibia length. Relative measurements (from slide, at 100×): phallobase length, 18.

Type material examined. Paratypes, 9 ♀. 1 ♀ (on card, antenna on slide, slide No. EH.427), INDIA: UTTAR PRADESH: Aligarh , 2.x.1979, Coll. M. Hayat ; 1 ♀ (on card), 18.xi.1979, Coll. M. Hayat; 2 ♀ (on card), 13.xii.1979, Coll. Hayat & Verma; 1 ♀ (on card), 10.x.1979, Coll. M. Verma; 2 ♀ (on card), 8.xi.1979, Coll. Hayat & Verma; 1 ♀ (on slide), 25.xi.1979, Coll. M. Verma; 1 ♀ (on slide), 20.x.1979, Coll. M. Hayat. ( ZDAMU, registration No. HYM. CH.204).

Material examined (ZDAMU Collection). Brachypterous: INDIA: UTTAR PRADESH: Aligarh, 1 ♀, 12.iii. 1981, Coll. M. Hayat. WEST BENGAL: Islampur, Tinpool , 2 ♀, 6.vi. 2008, Coll. F.R. Khan. ASSAM: Halflong , 6 ♀, 2 ♂, 17.vi. 1988 , Coll, S. Singh. ORISSA [= ODISHA], Puri, Sakigopal , 1 ♀ (on slide, EH. 972, macropterous form), 19.ii.1994, Coll. S.I. Kazmi.

Additional material examined. INDIA: KARNATAKA: Bengaluru, Hessaraghatta, Fisheries Division , 3 ♀ (on cards), 18.iii.2014 ( YPT) ; 3 ♀ (two on cards and one macropterous form on slide under 4 coverslips, slide No. EH.2242), 26.iii.2014 ( YPT) ; 1 ♀ (on slide under 4 coverslips) 26.iii.2014 ( YPT) ; 2 ♀ (on cards), 27.iii.2014 ( YPT) ; 2 ♀ (on cards), 28.iii.2014 ( YPT) , Coll. K. Veenakumari; 2 ♀ (one female on card and other on slide under 4 coverslips, slide No. EH.2243), Bengaluru, Attur, 2.vii.2012 ( YPT) ; 1 ♀ (on card), 1.iv.2013 ( YPT) , Coll. K. Veenakumari; 1 ♀ (on card) Bengaluru, J. Kaval, 21.xi.2013 ( MT) , Coll. K. Veenakumari; 1 ♀ (on card) Chikkabalapur, Nandi Hills, 2.i.2014 ( YPT) ; 1 ♀ (on slide under 4 coverslips, slide No. EH.2244), 14.vii.2014 ( YPT) , Coll. K. Veenakumari; 1 ♀ (on card) Mysore, Somnathpur, 30.i.2013, Coll. K. Veenakumari. TAMIL NADU: Krishnagiri, Hosur, Uddanapalli, 1 ♀ (on card) (ex Diaspidids on Acacia ); 1 ♀ (on cards, macropterous form) 8.xii.2014 ( MT) , Coll. K. Veenakumari. (10 females in NBAIR; 11 females in ZDAMU)

Host. [?] ex Diaspidids on Acacia .

Distribution. India: Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal.

Comments. The forewing of a macropterous form of S. mirus was illustrated by Hayat (2006: Fig. 1355) but this form was never described. Similarly the males of S. mirus were recorded by Hayat & Singh (2000a) but were not described. Hence, both the macropterous and the males are described here.

Figures

FIGURES 1–2. Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat. Female: 1, habitus (brachypterous); 2, habitus (macropterous).

FIGURES 3–9. Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat. Female: 3, head, frontal view; 4, frontovertex; 5, antenna; 6, clava; 7, forewing (macropterous); 8, forewing distal venation; 9; forewing (brachypterous).

FIGURES 10–14. Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat. Female: 10, hindwing (macropterous); 11; hindwing (brachypterous); 12, mesosoma and metasoma; 13, mesoscutum; 14, scutellum with axillae.

FIGURES 15–17. Sakencyrtus mirus Hayat. Male: 15, habitus (brachypterous); 16, antenna; 17, T VII with male genitalia.