Taraxacum janchenii Kirschner & Štěpánek (1985: 114)

Štěpánek, Jan & Kirschner, Jan, 2022, Taraxacum sect. Erythrocarpa in Europe in the Alps and eastwards: A revision of a precursor group of relicts, Phytotaxa 536 (1), pp. 7-52 : 21-23

5. Taraxacum janchenii Kirschner & Štěpánek (1985: 114) .— Fig. 2 , 9.

Type:— BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA. [Sarajevo, Stari Grad] Süd Bosnien , Felsen bei Starigrad (Kreis Sarajevo), 27 Apr 1901, K. Malý ( WU, no. det. 1096, holotype) .

Description:— Kirschner & Štěpánek (1985: 114–116).

Illustrations:— Kirschner & Štěpánek (1985: 115, Plate VIII).

Exsiccates:—Sendtner, Pl. Bosniacae, no. 357; Taraxaca Exs., no. 1290, 1291.

Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum janchenii is an extremely distinctive taxon. It is characterized by outer phyllaries imbricate, outer and middle of them broadly ovate to ovate, the innermost ovate-lanceolate, with pale yellowish green surface, suffused pinkish near apex, sometimes with a short darker median strip distally, with border inconspicuous, whitish, to 0.2 mm wide, pure yellow stigmas, and quite large, robust brownish red achenes (4.5–) 4.8–5.4 (–5.5) mm long and (0.9–) 1.1–1.2 (–1.3) mm thick, with a long rostrum usually 10–12 mm (Fig. 9).—Agamosperm.

Distribution and ecology:—One of the most widely distributed of the European members of T. sect. Erythrocarpa . Its geographical range extends from western Croatia to central Romania, is centred in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and includes also Albania, North Macedonia and Serbia ( Fig. 2 ). It usually grows on rock ledges and rocky slopes. Its IUCN conservation status is estimated as LC.

Specimens examined:— BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: [BOSNIA] Sarajevo, Stari Grad, rocks below the castle, ca. 960 m, 29 Apr 1900, K. Malý 259 (G, no. det. 22541; PR, no. det. 28857; BRA, no. det. 1228; FI, no. det. 2254); 12 May 1900, K. Malý (BRNM, no. det. 1692); 27 Apr 1901, K. Malý (W, no. det. 1108); 27 Apr 1903, K. Malý (W, no. det. 1101); 12 May 1900, K. Malý (BRA, no. det. 1226); 30 Apr 1899, K. Malý ( PRC, no. det. 1987).— [probably collected on Vlašić Range near Travnik on various dates in 1847 and 1848 and later distributed as Sendtner, Pl. Bosniacae, no. 357] Bosna, 25 Apr & 26 May 1847, O. Sendtner (M, no. det. 1267); sine dato, O. Sendtner (K, no. det. 2377; W, no. det. 1104, 1106); 1847, O. Sendtner (G, no. det. 2244, 2245); 1848, O. Sendtner (K, no. det. 2376; G, no. det. 22530); [Sarajevo] calcareous rocks between Stari Grad and Pale, 27 Apr 1901, K. Malý (FI, no. det. 17946; BP, no. det. 643).—[Sarajevo] Trebević Mts., 5 May 1902, V. Čurčić (W, no. det. 1107; WU, no. det. 612; LD, no. det. 3796). [Sarajevo, Pale, Bistrica] sunny rocks, valley of Bistrica Brook, 750 m, 15 May 1899, K. Malý (JE, no. det. 9162; SARA, no. det. 2292; PRC, no. det. 1988).—[Sarajevo] Lapišnica, rocks, ca. 700 m, 8 May 1903, K. Malý (SARA, no. det. 2294); 12 May 1919, K. Malý (BP, no. det. 642).—[Sarajevo, Pale] above Bistrica, Aug 1918, H. Laus (BRNU, no. det. 2269).—[Sarajevo] Lipovac, 14 May 1906, E. Janchen (WU, no. det. 1089; UPS, no. det. 18389).— Sarajevo district, rock crevices, May 1931, B. Gilliat-Smith (K, no. det. 2375).—[Sarajevo, near Pale] Zli stup, 14 May 1906, E. Janchen (WU, no. det. 1088).—[Sarajevo] near Han Bulog [Bulogi], stony grassland places, 9 May 1907, K. Malý (WU, no. det. 1097).—Han Šitluci, between Sarajevo and Pale, sunny limestone rocks, 20 Apr 1902, K. Malý (BRA, no. det. 1225); ibidem, 760 m, 9 May 1907, K. Malý (G, no. det. 3611).—[Sarajevo] Mošćanica, calcareous rocks, 640 m, 13 May 1931, K. Malý (OLM, no. det. 1009).—Sarajevo, Mt. Laze (Gradina), 1140 m, 12 May 1920, K. Malý (SARA, no. det. 2295).—[Sarajevo] the gorge of Miljacka [river, the rest partly illegible], 22 May 1929, H. Loschnigg (B, no. det. 12627).—Travnik, 9 May 1884, sine coll. (BRNM, no. det. 1691).—East Bosnia, Suhi dol near Višegrad, south-facing limestone cliffs, ca. 700 m, 16 Jul 1909, H. Handel-Mazzetti (WU, no. det. 1092).—[Rogatica] Vražalice, Perjac (– Banja stijena), 1000 m, 14 May 1911, K. Malý (SARA, no. det. 2293).—Dobrun, Razdolina gorge, 450 m, 8 Apr 1912, K. Malý (BRNU, no. det. 882).—[ HERZEGOVINA] Mostar, Mt. Stolac, limestone rocks, 1 May 1910, Sagorski (JE, no. det. 9161; S, no. det. 1269).—Čvrsnica planina, Trinača, limestone, 1900–2045 m, 12 Jul 1909, H. Handel-Mazzetti (GE, no. det. 3581; WU, no. det. 1093).—Prenj planina, 14 Jul 1911, [coll. illegible] (W, no. det. 1103).—Prenj planina, above the village of Glogošnica, 1300–1400 m, 14 Jul 1933, P. Sillinger & M. Deyl (PR, no. det. 2261).— MONTENEGRO: Andrijevica, Jun 1903, J. Rohlena (PR, no. det. 28645).— ALBANIA: Southeast of Poliçan, a path between Bektashik Monastery and the summit of Mt. Tomor, 2033 m, 40.62255 N, 20.17627 E, 1 May 2014, L. Meierott 14/257 & T. Gregor (herb. L. Meierott, no. det. 30080).— CROATIA: Southern Croatia, Karlobag, Velebit, Mt. Seline, rocky sites, ca. 1000 m, 26 May 1938, L. Vajda (BP, no. det. 2993).—Southern Croatia, Karlobag, Velebit, Mt. Velinac, rocky sites, ca. 1000 m, 26 May 1938, L. Vajda (BP, no. det. 2992).—Southern Croatia, Kalobag, Velebit, Mt. Mali Bristovac, rocky slope sites, ca. 1000 m, 27 May 1938, L. Vajda (BP, no. det. 2991).—Dalmatia, Biokovo planina, NE. slopes of Mt. Sveti Juro, 1500–1700 m, 15 Jun 1908, E. Janchen (WU, no. det. 1094).— Dalmatia , Biokovo planina, summit area of Mt. Sveti Juro , 1700–1762 m, 15 Jun 1908, E. Janchen (WU, no. det. 1090).— Dalmatia , Biokovo planina, NW. slopes of Mt. Sveti Juro , 1400–1700 m, 15 Jun 1908, E. Janchen (WU, no. det. 1095).— SERBIA: Zlot , southern Serbia , limestone rocks, Apr 1869, Pančić (WU, no. det. 1099).—Pirot, Kosarna , May 1892, sine coll. (PRC, no. det. 1989).— ROMANIA: „In Banatu legi in castri Krassoviensis“ [Carașova], 1835, [herb. J. Dorner] (BP, no. det. 1687).— District of Mehedinţi, Cazanele Mari , rocks, 1 May 1964, G. Negrean (M, no. det. 1265).—“In saxis calcareis silvae meae Tenszonyolyicza-ensis“ [not located], 18 Apr 1860, Haynald (BP, no. det. 641).— District of Caraş-Severin: Băile Herculane , Cheile Prolaz , 480 m, 44°51‘47‘‘N, 22°25‘32‘‘E, 30 Apr 1967, G. Negrean (BUCA, no. det. 22704; RU, no. det. 11651).—Prolaz, limestone rocks, 7 May 1894, A. de Degen (BP, no. det. 634, 3760, 2884; B, no. det. 12628).—Rock crevices near the valley of Cerna, Prolaz, 9 Apr 1913, Jávorka (BP, no. det. 635).—“ad Thermas Herculis in Banatu“ [Băile Herculane], Jun-Jul 1853, Heuffel (G, no. det. 22495).—Băile Herculane, summit area of Mt. Domogled , 25 May 1889, herb. E. Fiek (WRSL, no. det. 3578); ibidem, 22 May 1976, F. K. Meyer & J. Meyer 11962 (JE, no. det. 33817); ibidem, ca. 1000 m, 4 May 1971, J. Dvořák (BRNM, herb. F. Černoch, no. det. 3808); ibidem, 1100 m, 2 Jun 1898, F. Pax (BP, no. det. 633); ibidem, sine dato, Heuffel (GOET, no. det. 648); Munţii Mehedinţi, Băile Herculane, Domogled, rocky slopes in an open pine forest, above Crucea Albă, N slopes of Domogled, ca. 44°52.6–52.9‘ N, ca. 22°26‘ E, 950–1050 m, 1 Jun 2010, J. Štěpánek (PRA, no. det. 33643), ibidem: cultivated as JŠ 8889, collected in 2011 (PRA, no. det. 33699), ibidem: below Crucea Albă, N slopes above Cerna River , 44°52.8‘ N, 22°25.6‘ E, 500–600 m, 1 Jun 2010, J. Štěpánek, cultivated as JŠ 8887, collected in 2011 (PRA, no. det. 33708).— Banatus, rocks above Danube, S of the village of Sfinta Helena, 28 Apr 1993, J. Sádlo, cultivated as JŠ 5072, collected in 1996 & 1997 (PRA, no. det. 33645).— Băile Herculane, a gorge between Mt. Virful Colarin (687 m) and the Domogled massif, 250–450 m, 3 May 1971, J. Vorel (BRNM, no. det. 32500).— Virful Grabanac (1145 m) near Băile Herculane, 5 May 1971, J. Vorel (BRNM, no. det. 32502).— Băile Herculane, rocks in a limeston gorge above Cerna village , 4 May 1971, F. Weber (PR, no. det. 28888).— Turda, Cheile Turzii, rocks in the gorge, 20 May 1987, Hlobilová & Tlusták (PRA, no. det. 33639, 33641).

Less certain identifications:—NORTH MACEDONIA: Bistra Planina, SW of Mavrovo, ca. 1650 m, near the road to Galičnik, grassy and stony slopes near Badišah češme, 26 Jun 1965, van Ooststroom 24154 & Hennipman (L, no. det. 3488).— BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: [Sarajevo] Miljacka valley, tips of rocks near Benbaša-Kafana, 550 m, 12 May 1900, K. Malý (SARA, no. det. 2243).—[Sarajevo] Moštavica valley , 30 May 1885, G. Beck (PRC, no. det. 1991).— SW Bosnia, Kamešnica, ridge of the summit (1810 m) and Konj, limestone, 1600–1800 m, 4 Jul 1909, H. Handel-Mazzetti (WU, no. det. 1086)— SERBIA: Zlot, Apr 1869, Pančić (G, no. det. 2247).—[Kragujevac] Mt. M[ali] Malinik , Apr 1869, Pančić (FI, no. det. 2256).— ROMANIA: „Flora Banatica, in rupibus ad speluncam Golumbáctiensem “ [not located], 18 Jun 1873, V. Borbás (WU, no. det. 1098).— CROATIA. Dalmatia, summit of Mt. Veliki Kozjak between Vrlika and Knin, limestone, 1200 m, 15 May 1906, J. Baumgartner (WU, no. det. 1172).— Dinaric Alps, summit of Dinara, limestone, ca. 1700–1831 m, E. Janchen & B. Watzl (WU, no. det. 1091).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Distribution of species of T. sect. Erythrocarpa. Taraxacum pseudohoppenum (empty circles), T. janchenii (black pentagons), T. aquilinum (stars), T. pudilii (square), T. greuteri (diamonds).